414 CLVI. CYPERACEE (CLARKE). | Fimbristylis. 
Spikelets all solitary, up to } by ;4, in., densely flowered, dusky straw- 
coloured. Glumes elliptic; nerves 2-5 on the back, uniting into a 
strong recurved bristle. Stamens usually 2. Style small, with 2 
branches, hairy below the bifurcation; style-base with a ring of 
10-18 large pendent sub-1-cellular hairs, white-hyaline, often reach- 
ing nearly to the base of the nut, deciduous with the nut. Nut 
4 the length of the glume exclusive of its bristle, obovoid, biconvex.— 
Kunth, Enum. ii. 224; Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvii. 10; Schweinf. Pl. 
Nilot. 42; Coss. & Durieu, Expl. Scient. Algér. Glum. 233; Ridley 
in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 149; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fi. 
Brit. Ind. vi. 635, in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 609, and 
in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vii. 200; Durand & Schinz, Etudes F1. Congo, i. 303; 
Urban, Symb. Antill. ii. 76; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. ii. 122. 
F. estivalis, Boeck. in Flora, 1879, 564, and in Engl. Gazelle Reise, 
Bot. 17. Scirpus squarrosus, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. v. 100, not of Linn. 
Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Lepriewr! Gambia, Heudelot, 561! Sierra 
Leone, Scott-Elliot, 5324! Niger Territory : Nupe, Barter, 1580! 
_ Mile Land. British Fast Africa: Jur; Majob, Schweinfurth, 1549! by the 
River Wau, 1638 partly! White Nile, St. Auge ! 
Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Kisantu, Gillet, 1404! 1428! Kinchassa, on 
Stanley Pool, Luja, 174 partly! Lukungu, 700 ft., Hens, 16! and without precire 
locality, Smith! Angola: Dande; banks of a lake near Bombo, Welwitsch, 6997! 
Foe ay Dist. British Central Africa: near the River Zambesi, Menyharth, 
Scattered nearly throughout the world, exclusive of North America. 
4. F. dichotoma, Vahl, Enum. iir287. A pubescent or puberu- 
lous annual. Stems tufted, 2-10 in. long. Leaves as long as the stem, 
setaceous or linear. Umbel compound, usually with very many 
spikelets; bracts 3-4, similar to the leaves, as long as the umbel. 
Spikelets solitary, $ in. long, cylindric, oblong or hardly ellipsoid, 
many-flowered, ferruginous, obscurely polygonal by reason of the keeled 
glumes. Fertile glumes in many spirals, ovate, acute, glabrous, keel 
green or yellowish. Style flattened, dilated at the base, pubescent oP 
its margins nearly to the base; branches 2, linear. Nut obovoid, } the 
length of the glume, biconvex (the anticous angle being flattened), 
white (in a few examples discoloured, perhaps in drying); superficial 
cells oblong, superposed in vertical series, so that the nut appears to 
have 5-9 longitudinal ribs on each face—Kunth, Enum. li, 229; 
Boeck. in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 544, in Flora 1879, 564, and 12 
Linnea, xxxvii. 12 partly; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 504; Schweinf. 
Pi. Nilot. 42, and Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 216 ; Coss. & Durieu, Expl. Scient. 
Algér. Glum. 233; Daveau in Bolet. Soc. Brot. ix. 77; C. B. Clarke ™ 
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 635, in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. 
v. 602, and in Dyer, Fi. Cap. vii. 200; Zarb, Cat. Spéc. Bot. Pfund, 
39; K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 124; Durand & Schinz, Etudes 
Fl. Congo, i. 300. F. squarrosa, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 508 (cf. 
