Fimbristylis. | CLVI. CYPERACER (CLARKE). 417 
7. FB. ferruginea, Vahl, Hnum. ii. 291. Flowering the first year, 
asin most other species of Fimbristylis, but frequently biennial, and 
perhaps perennial. Stems densely tufted, 8-28 in. long; roots wiry, 
fibrous. Leaves usually short or hardly any, sometimes 4 the length 
of the stem, hairy or glabrous. Umbel of 5-10 (rarely of 20) spikelets, 
simple or slightly compound ; bracts shorter, usually much shorter, 
than the umbel. Spikelets solitary, 2 by } in., ovoid-oblong, densely 
flowered, ferruginous, more or less variegated by chestnut-brown or 
green. Glumes ovate, in the upper half of their back grey puberulous. 
Style longer than the nut, flattened, villous on the margins, base 
dilated ; branches 2, linear-lanceolate. Nut nearly } the length of the 
glume, obovoid, biconvex, smooth, pale yellow becoming brown ; super- 
ficial cells subquadrate.—Delile, Fl. Egypte, 10, t. 6, fig. 3; Kunth, 
Enum. ii. 236; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 554; Boeck. in Peters, 
Reise Mozamb. Bot. 544, in Linnea, xxxvii. 16, in Flora, 1879, 564, 
and in Engl. Gazelle Reise, Bot. 17; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop.216 ; 
Ridley in Trans. Linn. Soe. ser. 2, Bot. ii. 149; C. B. Clarke in Hook. 
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vi. 638, in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 606, 
in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. Append. iii. 31, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vii. 201; 
Schweinf. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ii. Append. ii. 51; K. Schum. in Engl. 
PA. Ost-Afr. C. 124; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 302. 
Urban, Symb. Antill. ii, 78; Rendle in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. ii. 122, 
Incl. var. graminea. F. lomentocarpa, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. FI. 
Abyss. ii. 504. Scirpus ferrugineus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 74. 
Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Brunner, 90! 150! Senegal, Perrottet, 
835! Leprieur! Heudelot, 449! 452! Gambia, Don! Cape Verd Isles, 
Perrottet! Lowe! St. Hilaire ! Bolle’ Wiberia: Grand Bassa, Vogel, 55! 
Niger Territory : Oware, Beauvois ! Nun River, Vogel, 36! Mann, 531! 
Nile Land. Soudan, Ouduney, 4! Gallahat, Schweinfurth, 2035! 2037 ! 
Abyssinia, Schimper, 532! 1317! British East Africa: Jur; Jur Ghattas, 
Schweinfurth, 2121! 
Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Rattray! Lower Congo, Kisantu, 
Gillet, 1585! 1598! and withoat precise locality, Smith / Angola: St James Island, 
Beeiteh, 7105 ! Mossamedes ; in dried up lakes by the River Caroca, Welwitsch, 
s] 
South Central. Congo Free State : Dupuis! 
Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Boivin! Taylor! German East Africa: 
Sambara ; Tanga, Holst, 2122! Muoa, Holst, 3050! Portuguese East Africa: 
Mozambique, Peters, 8! Kuntze, 203! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the 
Zambesi, Menyherth, 1056 ! 
In tropical and warm temperate countries nearly throughout the world ; 
Specially abundant near the sea. 
8. F. longiculmis, Steud Syn. Pl. Glum. ii. 110. | Stems 3—4 ft. 
long, robust. Umbel compound, of 15-20 spikelets. Spikelets solitary, 
5 by % in., cylindric, rigid, much variegated with chestnut-colour. 
Glumes glabrous on the back, sometimes very minutely hairy on the 
Margin ; otherwise as /. ferruginea.—C. B, Clarke in Durand & Schinz, 
Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 607; K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 124. 
: 8ansibarensis, Boeck. in Flora, 1880, 437. 
Mile Land. British East Africa: Momba-a, Tay/or! : 
VOL, virr. 2E 
