Scirpus. | CLVI. CYPERACEE (CLARKE). 451 
8. S. costatus, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi, 511.  Glabrous. 
Rhizome 0, or hardly any. Stems tufted, 8-20 in. long, terete, not 
setaceous. Leaves 0), or represented by a tooth scarcely ;4, in. long. Head 
of 4-16 spikelets; bracts very short, but the head is frequently sub- 
proliferous. Spikelets } in. long, ovoid or oblong-ellipsoid, of 5-15 
flowers, chestnut- or dark-coloured. Glumes ovate, obtuse. Hypogynous 
bristles 0. Style linear, branches 3. Nut as of S. setaceus.—C. B. Clarke 
in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 620, in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, 
Bot. iv. 54, and in Dyer, Fl. Cap, vii. 218; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. 
Trop. Afr. 147; K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 126.  Jsolepis 
costata, A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. ii. 499. J. setacea, var. abyssinica, 
Boeck. in Flora, 1858, 419. 
Nile Land, Abyssinia: Samen; on Mount Bachit above Demerki, 11,800 ft., 
Schimper, 103! Begemeder; in a swamp at Guna, 11,400 ft., Schimper, 1464! 
Shoa; Ankober, Roth! and without precise locality, Schimper, 1058! 1153! 
British East Africa : Mount Kenia, Gregory, 85! 
Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 8800 ft., 
Volkens, 1128! British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Mount Mlanji, Whyte ! 
Also in South Africa, Madagascar, and Tasmania, 
9. S. dicecus, Boeck. in Linnea, xxxvi. 719. Glabrous, dicecious. 
Rhizome horizontal, woody. Stem 20-30 in. long, terete, hard. 
Leaves 0. Head 1, apparently lateral, } in. in diam., globose, often 
with 40-50 spikelets ; lowest bract, as though continuing the stem, | in. 
long, rigid, pointed. Spikelets 4—} in. long, cylindric, pallid, many- 
owered. Glumes ovate or elliptic, closely packed, margins scarious. 
Hypogynous bristles 0. Style linear; branches 3. Nut small, less than 
2 the length of the glume, obovoid, trigonous, smooth, brown, not ribbed 
longitudinally.— ©. B. Clarke in Durand & Schinz, Conspect. Fl. Afr. v. 
621, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. Append. iii. 32, incl. var. macrocephala, 
and in Dyer, FI. Cap. vii. 226. WS. Schinzii, Boeck. ex Schinz in 
Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxix. 47, xxx. 139 in note. Jsolepis diwca, 
Kunth, Enum. ii. 199. 
Lower Guinea. Hereroland, Fleck, 1254! Damaraland, Zen / 
Frequent in South Africa. 
10. S. cubensis, Poeppig & Kunth ex Kunth, Enum. ii. 172. 
Glabrous, except the glumes. Stolons often present; or stem at the 
e decumbent and rooting. Stem 1-2 ft. long, stout, trigonous at the 
top, without nodes from the base to the umbel. Leaves often as long 
48 the stem, } in. broad, nearly smooth or edges rough. Umbel 
Simple; heads 4~12 (sometimes 3-1) stellate-globose, 3 in, in diam., 
Town, of numerous spikelets on peduncles $-2} in. long ; bracts 
often 5-10, lower up to a foot long, similar to the leaves. Spikelets 
=} in. long, many-flowered. Glumes ovate, acute, rigid, their 
Points spreading on all sides; margins ciliate. Hypogynous 
bristles 0, Style linear, passing gradually into the top of the ovary ; 
Tanches 2, linear. Nut nearly } the length of the glume, plano- 
