130 XCVII. GENTIANACEX. (C. B. Clarke.) [ Halenia. 
Branches 2-5 in., much divided. Leaves 13 by j in., petiole 0-1} in. Pedicels 
1-3 in., ultimately rigid, thickened upwards. Sepals 4-4 in., narrowly oblong, acute 
or subobtuse. Corolla-lobes 4-4 by $-+ in., obtuse; pit less than 3 the breadth of the 
lobe, deep, without a scale but partially closed by the fimbriz all round the margin. 
Stigmas sessile. Capsule} by } in. Seeds d; in., ellipsoid, black ; testa close, smooth, 
minutely reticulate. 
13. HALENTA. 
Annual or perennial erect herbs. Leaves opposite. Cymes axillary and 
forming a lax terminal panicle. Calyx sub-4-partite, segments lanceolate. 
Corolla campanulate, 4-fid more than half-way down, pits at the base of the 
lobes produced into a long spur (in the Indian species). Stamens 4, attached 
near the base of the corolla, filaments linear complanate; anthers ovate or 
oblong, versatile. Ovary 1-celled, placente broad; style short, cylindric, 
stigmas small oblong or linear. Capsule sessile, ovate, carpels separating nearly 
to the base. Seeds ellipsoid (fewer and larger than in most Ophelias) smooth, 
testa close yellow.—Species 25 (probably reducible to 15); Mts. of India, 
Central Asia and America. 
l. H. elliptica, D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 529; leaves elliptic 
subobtuse 5-nerved, spurs linear nearly as long as the petals. Griseb. Gentian. 
326, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 129. Swertia centrostemma, Wall. Cat. 4385. 8. 
peloria, Griff. Itin. Notes, 197. 
TEMPERATE HrMALAYA, alt. 612,000 ft., from Kashmir to Bhotan, frequent. . 
Stem 1-24 in. Cauline /eaves 1 by 4 in. (in Don's type) to 2} by ł in. and acute; 
lower in large examples often petioled. Sepa/s } in., usually acute. Corolla pale-blue; 
spurs } to j in. patent, tip often upeurved. Style hardly 4k in. Capsule 4-3 in- 
Seeds +. in. and upwards, with a concavity at the hilum.— The western small form 
with elliptie subobtuse leaves was D. Don's type; but large Sikkim examples with 
acute leaves appear to pass into H. Sibirica (Swertia corniculata, Linn. ; Pall. Fl. 
Hoss. ii. 99, t. 90, fig. 1), and, if this be admitted, the range of the species extends 
through Dahuria, N. China, and Siberia to N. America, 
2. H. Perrottetii, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 199; leaves ovate oF 
elliptic acute 5-nerved lower spathulate or petioled, spurs linear-oblong hardly 
half as long as the petals. Wight Ill. t. 157, and Ic. t. 1334. 
NivGuerrirs, alt. 6-8000 ft. ; plentiful. 
Closely resembling H. elliptica.. Style rather longer, stigmas sublinear. Sees 
3; IN., te. considerably smaller. 
14. MEN'YANTIEES, Linn. 
Perennial herbs; rootstock creeping or floating. Leaves alternate, long- 
petioled, 3-foliolate in the Indian species. Peduncles long, scape-like ; flowers 
white or blueish, subracemose; pedicels 1-bracteate or naked. Sepals 5, oblong- 
lanceolate. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped, 5-fid half way down; lobes fimbriate 
or crested within, induplicate valvate in bud. Stamens 5, on the corolla-tube, 
filaments linear; anthers sagittate, versatile. Ovary 1-celled, placentæ shortly 
intruded ; style long, linear, stigmas 2 small. Capsule globose, shortly 2-valv 
from the apex, carpels splitting down the back. Seeds many, lenticular, 
shining, yellow, smooth.—Species 2, in the N. Temperate and Subarctic zones. 
1. M. trifoliata, Linn.; Griseb. Gentian. 340, and in DC. Prodr. * 
137; leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets elliptic or oblong obtuse entire or obscurely 
wavy. Lamk. IU. t. 100, fig. 1; Engl. Bot. t. 495; Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 64; 
Bentl. & Trim. Med. Pi. t. 184. 
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