148 c. BoRAGINEE. (C. B. Clarke.) [ Heliotropium. 
0. HELIOTROPIUM, Linn. 
Annual or perennial herbs, rarely (non-Indian species) shrubby, villous or 
scabrous. Leaves alternate. Cymes terminal, dichotomous; branches often 
long, scorpioid ; flowers small, white or nearly so in the Indian species; bracts 
small, 0, or leafy (inflorescence axillary), Calyx 5-partite or -lobed; segments 
lanceolate or linear (except in Sect. Piptoclaina). Corolla tubular, throat not 
hairy; lobes 5, imbricate or induplicate in the bud, spreading in flower. Stamens 
5, on the corolla-tube, included, filaments very short; anthers ovate or lanceo- 
late. Ovary completely or imperfectly 4-celled, 4-ovulate; style terminal, 
short or long, ending in a depressed conical or flat disc ; stigma above the disc 
O or short or elongate-lanceolate, entire, rarely with 2 linear branches (Sect. 
Ditrichostigma), Fruit dry, 2-4-lobed, of 4 more or less free nutlets, Seeds 
straight or curved, albumen small or O (rarely plentiful).—Species 100, in the 
tropical and temperate zones of both hemispheres. 
Secr. 1. Messerschmidia.  Corolla-lobes patent, caudate-acuminate. 
Style longer than the stigma. 
l. H. zeylanicum, Lamk. Ill. ii. 393, not of Wall; leaves narrowly 
lanceolate, spikes elongate ebracteate, stigma short-oblong densely hairy inclu- 
ded in the corolla-tube. Burm. Fl. Ind. t. 16, fig. 2. Wight Ic. t. 802; H. 
paniculatum, Heyne in Herb. Rottler, not of Br. nor of Roxb, Tournefortia 
subulata, Hochst.; A. DC. Prodr. ix. 528; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 171. T. 
Royleana & Edgeworthii, DC. Prodr. ix. 527, 529. T. zeylanica, Wight IU. t. 
170. Messerschmidia hispida, Benth. in Royle Ill, 306. 
W. Invi, from the Punjab to the W. Deccan Peninsula; Royle, Edgeworth, 
Wight, &c.—Dtstris. Tropical Africa. 
Annual, erect, 1-3 ft., scabrous-hairy. Leaves 1} by 1 in., narrowed at both ends, 
subentire, sessile ; nerves obscure in the upper surface. Spikes 2-6 in. in fruit; 
flowers sessile, 1-2-ranked. Sepals 3. in., ovate, acute. Corolla-tube à in., wider in 
the upper half, minutely setose without; lobes jin. Style glabrous, half as long 
as the corolla-tube ; stigma surrounded by the stamens in the swollen upper half. 
Fruit à in., of 2 rugose pitted 2-seeded nutlets. 
Secr IL. Gatimas. Corolla-lobes with an abruptly inflexed mucro. 
Stigma elongate-conic. 
2. H. dasycarpum, Ledeb.; Eichw. Itin. Casp.-Caucas. ii. t. 5; leaves 
small elliptic, spikes few-flowered, style short, stigma minutely scabrous in- 
cluded in the corolla-tube. Bunge in Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 1869, 323 ; 
Boiss, Fl. Orient. iv. 140. H. Schrenkianum, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. iii. 102, fide 
Boiss, l.c. H. brahuicum, Stocks in Hook. Kew Journ. iv. 173. H. luteum, 
Aitchison Cat. Punjab, 94 (? Poir). 
" PANJAB; Peshawur, Stewart,—Distrrs. Beloochistan, Cabul, Persia, Turkestan, 
Soongaria. 
oody, rigid, 6-18 in., suberect, scabrous-hairy. Leaves 3 by d in. mostly 
cuneate at both ends, subentire, sessile or lower obscurely petioled ; nerves obscure in 
the upper surface. Spikes in flower short, in fruit 2-4 in., lower flowers often an inch 
apart; flowers mostly sessile, but stray lower flowers have pedicels 1-3 in. Sepals 
35 in., oblong-lanceolate. Corolla-tube 3 in., cylindric or slightly narrower upwards, 
hairy without. Filaments rather long ; anthers ovate-oblong near the top of the tube. 
Style about } the length of the stigma, minutely retrorse setose (in Stocks’ examples 
as in Eichwald’s picture, but Boissier says style as long as the stigma). Fruit small, 
glabrous in Stocks’ example, sometimes silky (Zoíss.).—Very near H. luteum, Poir- 
(DC. Prodr. ix. 532) which has larger flowers and fruits, and more rugose leaves. 
