Echinospermum.] c. BoRAGINE&. (C. B. Clarke.) 163 
echinophora. Pallas Voy. (ed. Gauthier), v. 490, t. 16, fig. 2. Rochelia echino- 
phora, Roem. et. Sch. Syst. iv. 110, 782. Heterocaryum minimum, 4. DC. 
odr. x. 144. 
Kasumir ; temperate region Thomson. Puw3AB; Peshawur, V'icary.—DisrRIB, 
Cabul, Beloochistan to the Ural Mts. and Altai. 
A coarser plant with larger flowers and fruits than the other Indian Echino- 
spermums. Stem 6-12 in., erect, rigid. Leaves 14 by 4 in., numerous, sometimes 
somewhat obovate, lower spathulate petioled. Racemes in fruit 3-4 in.; pedicels } 
in., distant, rigid, suberect, often thickened ; bracts 4-1 in., leaflike, often continued 
to the top of the raceme. Calyx-lobes 1-3 in.  Corolla-tube } in., lobes not much over 
topping the calyx. Nutlets 1. in.; margins thickened, with a single row of strong 
glochidia; backs depressed, smooth or scarcely granular ; nutlets inseparably confluent, 
not rarely 1 or 2 abortive.— Boissier (Fl. Orient. iv. 248) doubts whether Heterocaryum 
pachypodum, rigidum, and Szovitzianum (A. DC. Prodr. x. 145), are other than forms 
of this species. 
2. E. barbatum, Lehm. Asperifol. 128; patently hispid, leaves oblong, 
calyx-lobes oblong, nutlets separable tubercular-scabrous on all sides with 2 
tows of short stout glochidia round the margin. DC. Prodr. x. 137 ; Boiss. Fi. 
Orient. iv. 250. Myosotis barbata, Bieb. Cent. Pl. Rar. t. 36.  Rochelia 
barbata, Roem. & Sch. Syst. iv. 110, 782. 
SUBALPINE: Western Himataya, alt. 7-12,000 ft.; from Gurwhal to Baltisthan, 
frequent ; Thomson, &c.—DisrRrB. from Beloochistan and Cabul to the Ural and 
tai. 
Erect, 6-18 in. Leaves 4-2 in., narrowed at the base, lower petioled. Racemes in 
fruit 2-12 in.; pedicels 4-4 in., erect ; bracts 4 in., usually 0 in the upper part of the 
Spike. Calyz-lobes Jin. Nutlets 3-4 in., forming a compact pyramid, but separable. 
3. E. Redowskii, Lehm. Asperifol. 127; patently hispid, leaves oblong, 
flowers subsessile, calyx-lobes oblong-linear, nutlets separable scabrous on all 
sides with one row of strong glochidia round the margin. DC. Prodr. x. 137. 
E. intermedium, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. i. 199, and Ic. Fl. Ross. ii. t. 180. Rochelia 
Redowskii, Roem. § Sch. Syst. iv. 782. 
Western Teer, alt. 9-10,000 ft. ; Leh, Thomson.—Disrrrs, Central Asia to the 
ral and Altai. 
Generally resembling E. barbatum. Pedicels rarely exceeding d in.; bracts } in., 
oblong, often continued (smaller) to the summit of the spike. Ca/yz-/obes rather 
longer than of Æ, barbatum, in fruit 4-1 in. in Thomson's example. Nutlets nearly as 
In Æ. barbatum but the glochidia in one row and much longer.—Perhaps E. patulum, 
Lehm. (DC. Prodr. 137; Boiss Fl. Orient. iv. 250) is not specifically distinct. 
4. E. semiglabrum, Ledeb. Fl. Alt. i. 204, and Ie, Fl. Ross. i.t. 28; 
Patently hispid, leaves oblong, flowers subsessile, calyx-lobes. linear-oblong, 
hutlets tubercular-scabrous on all sides with one row of glochidia round the 
-— as long as the nutlet is broad. DC. Prodr. x. 138 ; Boiss. Fi. Orient. 
v. 9 
Western Tiger and BarrisrTHAN, alt, 8-10,000 ft.; Thomson, &c,—DisTRIB. 
Cabul; Turkestan to the Altai. u : 
Hardly distinguishable from E. Redowskii, but by the longer glochidia of the nuts 
Which often exceed 4 in. Spikes denser, more divided, often somewhat closely 
Panicled, 
15, BRITRICHIUM, Schrader. 
Annual or perennial herbs, strigose or silky-villous. Leaves alternate, 
narrow, Racenes simple or branched. Flowers small, blue, rarely white. 
Sepals 5, not or slightly enlarged in fruit, Corolla-tube short, throat wit 
