266 CHI. SCROPHULARINEZ, (J. D. Hooker) — [Zémnophila. 
386; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl.175. Herpestis rugosa, Roth Nov. Sp. 290. 
Capraria gratissima, Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. 92, (excl. citat. of Rheede). Antir- 
rhinum gratissimum, Roxb. Ice. ined. Stemodia menthastrum, Benth. Scroph. 
Ind. 93; Wall. Cat. 3997. Adenosma triflora, Seem. Fl. Viti 284, not of 
Nees. 
Watery places in the plains of N. INDIA, and outer HIMALAYA, ascending to 
6000 ft., from Chamba to Mishmi; Assam, BENGAL, SILHET, CENTRAL INDIA, and 
the Concan and CIRCARS.—DISTRIB. Java, China, the Philippines, Pacific Islands. 
Annual, aromatic ; root creeping; stems many, 1-2 ft., stout; “ nodes under water 
emitting many fibrous roots or multifid filiform leaves,” Roxburgh. Leaves 2-3 in., often 
rugose, narrowed into a petiole of 3-1 in.; nerves many, stout. Flowers usually in 
axillary sessile or shortly peduncled heads. Corolla } in. long, pubescent, blue-purple, 
mouth yellow. Capsule ellipsoid.—Roxburgh’s drawing identifies this plant with his 
Capraria gratissima. He quotes Rheede’s Pola-tsjira (ix. t. 78) for the same, but I 
have seen no specimens from Malabar, and Rheede makes no mention of the aromatic 
smell and taste. which he could not fail to have noticed if this plant had been under 
his observation. 
2. L. balsamea, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 386; softly pubescent, leaves 
all opposite sessile elliptic subacute narrowed at the base obscurely crenulate 
punctate beneath, nerves slender, flowers axillary in shortly peduncled heads 
or spikes, calyx hirsute, lobes lanceolate finely acuminate striate in fruit. 
Stemodia balsamea, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 23; Wall. Cat. 3928. 
Prev, M^Lelland. TENASSERIM, Wallich; Mergui, Griffith. . 
Stem 1-2 ft., stout. Leaves 1-2 in., entire below the middle, nerves 3- 5-pair. 
Corolla 4 in., twice as long as the calyx. Capsule broadly elliptic, obtuse.—L. villi- 
Sera, Miquel, of Sumatra, is probably this. 
3. L. conferta, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 387; erect or procumbent, 
glabrous except the inflorescence, leaves all opposite sessile or subpetiole 
oblong or elliptic-oblong obtuse crenate-serrate punctate beneath, base 
narrowed or subamplexicaul, nerves slender, flowers axillary solitary or 10 
short axillary heads spikes or cymes, calyx glabrate, segments lanceolate 
finely acuminate striate in fruit. Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl.177. L. repens, 
Benth. l. c. 387. L. serrata, Benth. l. c. (the Burma plant only); Thwaites 
Enum. 218. ? L. punctata, Vahl Enum. i. 90, and Bonnaya punctata, 6. 
Don Gen. Syst. iv. 538. Stemodia sessilis, Benth. Seroph. Ind. 23; Wall. 
Cat. 3939. S. tenuiflora, Benth. Scroph. Ind. 23; Wall. Cat. 3940. 
repens, Benth. in Wall. Cat. 3935. Gratiola lucida, Heyne.—? Rheede Hort. 
al. ix. t. 78. 
Marshes, from Assam, BENGAL and CHITTAGONG to TENASSERIM and BURMA; 
throughout the Deccan and CEYLON. 
A very variable plant ; in its larger state diffuse, 12-18 in. long, with subpetioled 
leaves 1-1} in. long, and often spicate flowers ; in its smaller (St. sessilis, Wall.) short, 
stout, with quite sessile oblong leaves } in. long, and crowded axillary flowers ; in its 
smallest state (St. tenuiflora, Wall, and serrata, Bth.) erect or procumbent, with oblong 
sessile leaves 4-3 in. long and solitary axillary flowers. Between these there are all 
intermediates. Thwaites has reduced all to Gaudichaud's L. serrata, a Polynesian 
plant with solitary flower and sepals not striated.— Leaves very minutely punctate, 
entire below the middle, nerves few, faint. Corolla about 3 in. long. Capsule as 10 
L. balsamea, but much smaller.—Heyne’s Gratiola lucida, referred here by Bentham, 
is a small creeping form approaching L. micrantha. 
4. L. diffusa, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 387, not of G. Don; erect ot 
decumbent, pubescent, leaves all opposite petioled elliptic-ovate or oblong- 
lanceolate subacute crenate-serrate punctate beneath, nerves slender, flowers 
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