390 CIX. ACANTHACEX. (C. B. Clarke.) [ Thunbergia. 
+ Placente not rising elastically from the base of the capsule. 
«| Anther-cells placed one much higher than the other. 
Anther-cells muticous, bracts in opposite pairs, valvate. 48. PERISTROPHE. 
Anther-cells minutely spurred at base . . . . . . 38. JUSTICIA. 
Anther-cells apiculate, scarcely spurred at base . . . 39. ADHATODA. 
Anthers muticous. Flowers clustered. Corolla long . 40. RHINACANTHUS. 
Anthers muticous. Flowers thyrsoid. Corolianotlarge 41. DIANTHERA. 
«€ Anther-cells parallel, subequal. 
Bracts small, narrow. Corolla small. . . . . . . 42. PTYSIGLOTTIS. 
Corolla-tube ovoid, constricted in the throat . . . . 43. SPHINCTACANTHUS. 
Bracts large, imbricate. Corolla-tube narrow, long. . 44. ECBOLIUM. 
Bracts small. Corolla-tube elongate. . . . . . . 45, GRAPTOPHYLLUM. 
IL THUNBERGIA, Linn. f. 
Seandent. Leaves often cordate, hastate or angular. Flowers axillary, 
1-2-nate, or racemose; bracts at the base of the pedicels leaf-like ; bracteoles 
large, margins coherent at least when young. Calya small, annular, 10-16- 
toothed, or obscure. Corolla conspicuous; tube ventricose, curved ; limb 
oblique ; lobes 5, rounded, twisted to the left in bud. Stamens 4, didynamous 
near the base of the corolla-tube; anthers 2-celled, cells parallel, oblique, 
spurred or not at the base. Disc cushion-shaped or annular. Style long; 
stigma funnel.shaped, 2-lobed or subentire, or style 2-fid with capitate 
stigmas; ovules 2 in each cell, collateral. Capsule globose, suddenly 
narrowed into a barren sword-shaped beak. Seeds 2 in each cell, ovoid or 
dorsally compressed, not hairy, base plane or excavate, funicle minute or 
conic.—Species 30, in Africa, Asia, and N. Australia. 
Sect. 1. Buthunbergia. Flowers axillary. Calyx 10-16-toothed. 
Seeds ovoid, base excavate. 
1. T. fragrans, Roxb. Cor. Pl. i. 47, t. 67, and FU. Ind. iii. 33; leaves 
ovate or oblong acute, calyx-teeth in flower lanceolate hardly longer than 
the tube, capsule glabrous. Lamk. Ill. t. 549, fig. 2; Wall. Cat. 767, type 
sheet; Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. 77, 78, and in DC. Prodr. xi. 973 
T. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ix. 448; Kurz For. Fl. ii. 240. T. javanica, 
Gaertn. f. Fruct. ii. 22, t. 183; Blume Bijd. 806; Nees in DC. l. c. 56. 
T. scandens, Pers. Syn. ii. 179. T. volubilis, Pers. Syn. ii. 179; Nees in 
DC. l. c. 59. T. angustifolia, Ham.; Nees i» Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. 78, 
and in DC. l. e. 56. T. Roxburghia, Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. 78, 
and in DC. l. e. 58. T. subsagittata, Blanco Fl. Fil. 518. T. arnhemica, 
F. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. Austral. ix. 73. 
Throughout INDIA, alt. 1-4000 ft., from the Himalaya Terai to CEYLON and 
Tenasserim; ascending to 5-7000 ft.—DisTRIB. Malaya to the Philippines and 
N. Australia, 
Stem slender, retrorsely hairy or glabrate. Leaves 2-3 by 4-14 in., obtuse, base 
cordate or hastate, toothed, mature glabrate; petiole 4-14 in. Pedicels 1-3 in., 
1 rarely 2 in each axil; bracteoles 2 in., broadly faleate-oblong, subacute. Calyx in 
flower $ in., divided half-way down into 12-16 teeth, nearly glabrous, in fruit j in. 
Corolla 1} in., pure white, fragrant. _Anther-cells elliptic, acute, base unappendaged. 
Ovary glabrous; style funnel-shaped, 2-lipped. Capsule 3-1 in., glabrous, shining. 
Seeds }-4 in., rugose.—The typical T. fragrans of the Bengal Terai is considered by 
T. Anderson, from the pure white of its fragrant flowers, the most charming of Bengal 
