- $e 
RANUNCULACEZ. 
stems numerous, prostrate, or ascending ; radical leaves cordate- 
roundish, stalked, 3-lobed; lobes crenate ; cauline leaves sessile, 
entire, opposite ; calyx reflexed, much shorter than the petals, 
which are emarginate ; carpels rather inflated, pointed ; heads 
ovate. 2%. H. Native of Mexico. Allied to R. repens. 
Flowers middle-size, yellow. 
Many-stemmed Crowfoot. Pl. 2 foot. 
99 R. potyrnizos (Steph. in Willd. spec. 2. p. 1324.) leaves 
smooth, radical ones stalked, 3-5-cleft, with ovate entire lobes : 
cauline leaves sessile, cleft into many linear-entire lobes ; stem 
somewhat prostrate, 1-3-flowered; calyx spreading, smooth. 
%. H. Native of Caucasus, frequent about the colony of Sa- 
repta, and at the rivers Terek and Volga; of the Caspian deserts, 
and the Altaian mountains. Deless. icon. sel. 1. t. 38. Bieb. pl. 
rar. ross. 1. t. 19. Petals obovate. Carpels smooth, awned. 
Many-rooted Crowfoot. Fl. April, May. Pl. + to 4 foot. 
100 R. pemissus (D. C. syst. 1. p. 275.) leaves smooth, radical 
ones stalked, 3-5-parted, with the partitions divided into linear 
_lobes; scape almost naked, lying on the ground, 1-2-flowered ; 
calyx spreading, pubescent. 4%. H. Native of Mount Lebanon. 
Trunk of root thick. Cauline leaves wanting or solitary, linear, 
simple or divided almost to the base into 3 linear lobes. Flowers 
smaller than those of R. montànus. Carpels somewhat orbicular, 
compressed, almost awnless. 
Low Crowfoot. PI. trailing. 
101 R. reparirrpus (Smith, in Rees’ cyclop. no. 72. Hook. 
fl. bor. amer. p. 18. t. 8. B.) leaves somewhat pubescent, radical 
ones palmately or pedately cut into 3 or 5 linear quite entire 
lobes ; scapes almost naked, erect, 1 or 2-flowered ; calyx spread- 
mg, rather villous. %. H. Native of Siberia and North Ame- 
nica on the barren summits of the Rocky Mountains. Stems 
usually simple 1-flowered, rarely bifid 2-flowered, with the two 
cauline leaves sessile. Flowers a little smaller than those of R. 
acris. Carpels terminated by the somewhat recurved styles. 
Pedate-leaved Crowfoot. Fl. May, June. PI. 4 to 4 foot. 
102 R. montanus (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1321.) radical leaves 
smooth, 3-parted, orbicular, with trifid blunt segments, cauline 
fa sessile, 3-5-parted into linear quite entire lobes; stem 1- 
smvothich clothed with pressed pubescence at the top; calyx 
land Fe - Y.H. Native of the Alps of Austria, Switzer- 
nd, France, and the Pyrenees in rugged meadows. R, nivalis, 
Na carn. ed. 2. no. 686. Jacq. austr. t. 325 and 326. but not 
species R. montanus, var. f. Bir. ren. 39. This is a common 
confor, the higher mountains of Europe, where it is often 
bearna e with R. V illársii, but differing in the stem usually 
ing oa on y two leaves, and in having an almost smooth spread- 
floral p » not villous with spreading hairs, as well as in the 
eaves being linear-entire, not as in R. Gouàni, deeply- 
toothed. Flo j `~ . . 
beautifully revolute. little larger than those of R. deris. Stigmas 
ar. B, tenuif dlius (D. C. syst. 1. p. 276.) segments of leaves 
acute, .H. iy rene 
grácilis, Schleicher al hen” Alps of Provence and Jura. R. 
Ountain Crowfoot. FI. May, July. Clt. 1775. Pl. 4 foot. 
b - AFFI NIS (R. Br. Parry, voy. app. p. 265. Hook. fl. 
stalked a p, 12. t. 6. A. a.) radical leaves pedately-multifid, 
erect 9 E ine ones almost sessile; lobes of all linear ; stem 
ese ent: z owered, and is as well as the calyxes and ovaries pu- 
cylin drial Po with recurved beaks, collected into an oblong 
anada to a U4. H. Native of North America from 
where. "Th e Arctic sea, on the Rocky Mountains and else- 
sometimes S whole plant is somewhat hairy. Radical leaves 
airy, spread eat kidney-shaped, deeply crenated. Calyx 
pals, 8» or slightly reflexed ; petals twice as large as the 
ar, B, apétalus (petals somewhat shorter than the calyx or 
XIV. RANUNCULUS. 35 
wanting ; leaves less profoundly divided.) Hook. fl. bor. amer. 
p. 13. t. 6. f. A.b. Native of Melville Island and shores of the 
Arctic sea, 
Var. y, subintegrifòlius (radical leaves roundish, almost en- 
tire.) Native of Melville Island and shores of the Arctic sea. 
(Hook.) 
Allied Crowfoot. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1826. Pl. ġ foot. 
104 R. Virra’rsii (D. C. fl. fr. ed. 3. vol. 4. p. 896.) leaves 
pubescent, radical ones almost orbicular, 3-parted, with trifid 
toothed acute segments; cauline leaves sessile, 3-5-parted into 
linear entire lobes ; stem 1-flowered, pubescent at the top; calyx 
spreading, villous. %.H. Native of the Alps of Savoy, Dau- 
phiny, and Provence, in rugged meadows. R. Breynianus, 
Crantz. austr. 2. p. 91. t. 4. f. 2. R. Lapponicus, Vill. dauph. 4. 
p- 743. but not of Lin. R. montanus, var. d, Bir. ren. p. 39. 
R. Gouani, Smith in Rees’ cyclop. no. 41. R. oreophilus, Bieb. 
suppl. 383. A doubtful species between R. montanus, R. acris, 
and R. Goudni, but differs from the first in the calyx being vil- 
lous, not almost smooth, and in the lobes of the radical leaves 
being more toothed and acute, as well as in the trunk of root 
being oblique and blackish, from the second in the stem being 
1-flowered, not many-flowered, as well as in the structure of its 
roots. 
Villar’s Crowfoot. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1819. Pl. 4 to 3 ft. 
105 R. isura'ris (Viv. app. fl. cors. in Schlecht. Linnea, 
1. p. 502.) plant hairy ; root fascicled-tuberous ; radical leaves 
3-parted ; segments bifid and trifid; stem leaves trifid, on stem- 
clasping petioles ; calyx spreading ; sepals ovate acute, clothed 
with close-pressed hairs. Y%.H. Native of Corsica. 
Island Crowfoot. Pl. % to ? foot. 
106 R. unctna'tus (D. Don. in herb. Lamb.) stem erect; 
radical leaves ? cauline ones on long stalks, 3-parted ; segments 
3-lobed ; lobes toothed or lobed, acute ; floral leaves ternate ; 
leaflets linear-lanceolate, acute, quite entire ; peduncles slender, 
1-flowered, terminal, and lateral; carpels few, ending in hooked 
points; heads globose. %. H. Native of Mexico. Flowers 
small, yellow. Root fibrous. Plant smooth. 
Hooked-carpelled Crowfoot. P1. 1 foot. 
107 R. Gova'nt (Willd. spec. 2. p. 1822.) radical leaves or- 
bicular, divided into 5-deeply toothed lobes, cauline ones sessile, 
palmately-parted into toothed lobes; calyx somewhat villous. 
u.H. Native of the Pyrenees, Alps of Dauphiny, Hungary, 
in meadows. R. Pyrenæ us, Goua. ill. 33. f. 1 and 2. not of 
Lin. R. fureatus, Berg. fl. Bass. pyr. 2. p. 406. R. montanus, 
var. g, Bir. ren. 40. A very distinct species from XR. montanus, 
in its larger habit and more ample flowers. Its stature 1s very 
variable; for instance, when growing on the tops’ of the higher 
Pyrenees it does not exceed 3 inches in height, but in lower 
moist situations it will grow to the height of 2 feet. Stem 1 or 
many-flowered. Flowers sometimes rather umbellate on short 
pedicels, sometimes on long pedicels. Floral leaves sometimes 
alternate and distant, but usually in the approximating mode of 
an involucre under the flower. 
Gouan's Crowfoot. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1818. Pl. 4 to 2 ft. 
108 R. acris (Lin. spec. 779.) leaves pubescent or somewhat 
smooth, 3-5-parted ; segments trifid, jagged, those of the upper- 
most leaves linear and entire ; stem erect, many-flowered, cover- 
ed with pressed hairs ; peduncles round and even; calyx rather 
villous; carpels somewhat orbicular, compressed, with short re- 
curved points. %. H. Native throughout Europe ; Siberia, 
Tauria, North America, in meadows and pastures, very common 
even on the loftiest mountains. Smith, eng. bot. t. 652. Curt. 
lond. fase. 1. t. 39. Mart. rust. te 30. Woods’ suppl. t. 246. 
Bull. fr. te 109. R. Sículus Presl. R. napellifòlius, var. Crantz. 
austr. 2. p. 90. t. 4 f. 1. Root somewhat tuberous ; lower 
leaves sometimes blotched, with black in the middle. Calyx 
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