wa 
RANUNCULACEÆ. XXVII. Aovuieca. 49 
flowers involucrate ; sepals erect, connivent. Y.H. Native —? 
Flowers small, white. 
Strained Fennel Flower. Fl. Ju. Sep. Clt. 1793. Pl. 4 foot. 
Cult. Plants of easy culture, only requiring to be sown in 
the open border. They are curious and ornamental. 
XXVII. AQUILE'GIA (aquila, an eagle, because of the form 
of each petal, separated with two sepals attached to it. Colum- 
bine, its English name, from columbus, a pigeon, from the same 
cause.) Tourn. inst. t. 242. Lin. gen. no. 275. 
Lin. syst. Polydndria, Pentagynia. Calyx of 5-coloured 
petal-like deciduous sepals. Petals 5, gaping above, 2-lipped, 
outer lip large, flat; inner lip very small, each petal drawn out 
into a hollow spur, which is callous at the apex, and protruding 
between the sepals. Capsules 5, erect, many-seeded, pointed with 
the styles.—Erect perennial herbs, with fibrous roots. Radical 
leaves on long stalks twice or thrice ternate, with trifid-toothed, 
usually blunt segments; upper ones divided into linear lobes. 
Flowers white, blue, rose, or purple rarely dirty yellow. Qualities 
hardly acrid, bitterish, somewhat astringent and tonic. Seeds 
acrid. 
_1 A. vurea‘ris (Lin. spec. 752.) spurs incurved ; capsules 
villous ; stem leafy, many-flowered, and is as well as the leaves 
smoothish ; styles not exceeding the stamens in length. X.H. 
Native of most parts of Europe, as well as of Japan ; in meadows, 
pastures, and thickets. Smith, engl. bot. t. 295. Fl. dan. t. 695. 
Flowers either single or double, blue, white, rose-coloured, pur- 
ple or variegated, or spotted with the same colours. 
Var. B, alpina (Huds. angl. 235.) stem usually 1-flowered ; 
spurs less curved than in var. a. 4Y. H. Native of England at 
Matlock, Bath. 
Var. * corniculata (D. C. syst. 1. p. 334.) flower double ; 
Petals spurred ; spur drawn out downwards. u.H.—Clus. hist. 
2. p: 204. f. 1. 
invérsa (D. C. syst. 1. p. 334.) flower double; petals 
omed : horn inverted. 4Y. H.—Clus. hist. 2. p. 204. f. 2. 
a stellàta (D. C. syst. 1. p. 335.) flower double; petals 
at, spurless, coloured. Y. H.—Clus. hist. 2. p. 205. f. 1. 
and « degéner (D. C. syst. 1. p. 335.) flower double ; petals 
epals flat, spurless, green. 2. H.—Clus. hist. 2. p. 205. f. 
2.—Barrl. icon. t. 608. 
bat arole plant has been recommended to be used medicinally, 
that chal ones toa suspicious natural order, and Linnæus affirms 
virtues ren have lost their lives by an over-dose of it. The 
and fer ascribed to a tincture of the flowers as an antiphlogistic, 
the mouth o gthening the gums and deterging scorbutic ulcers in 
with a, ada appear to be better founded ; the tincture being made 
our offic ition of the vitriolic acid, and differing but little from 
othcinal tincture of roses. 
ommon Columbine. Fl. May, July. Britain. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
p. 161. CÆRU LEA (Torrey. amn. lyc. nat. hist. new york, vol. 2. 
the petal Spurs straight, almost twice the length of the limb of 
acute « S; styles and stamens shorter than the corolla ; stipulas 
> Segments of leaves deeply lobed. 
orth America on the Rocky Mountains, 
N Columbine. Pl. 1 foot? 
pubescens STY tA (Hook. fl. bor. amer. p. 24.) plant rather 
inclosed « et Spurs incurved, shorter than the limb; styles short, 
of Nonth amens rather shorter than the corolla. Y. H. Native 
North as Baw ye in the western parts of Canada, and as far 
Journ. ed. oa Lake. A. vulgàris ? Richards. in Frankl. lst. 
the flowers “ape. p. 21. Stem and leaves as in 4. vulgaris, but 
ort-et ng one-half smaller, blue. 
l ve : Columbine. Fl. May, July. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
scosa (Gouan. fl. monsp. p. 267. illustr. 33. t. 19.) 
Spurs jn 
Cur : : . 
VoL ved ; capsules villous ; stem bearing one, two, or three 
*1-—Parrt I. 
4y. H. Native of 
Flowers blue. 
flowers, almost naked, and is as well as the leaves clothed with 
clammy pubescence ; styles not exceeding the stamens in length: 
Y%.H. Native of Spain, Portugal, south of France, Piedmont, 
Naples, &c. in rugged mountainous places, exposed to the sun.— 
Lachen. act. helv. 8. p. 146. t. 5. Scarcely distinct from /. 
vulgaris, unless by being clothed with clammy pubescence, and 
the flowers being larger, purple. 
Clammy Columbine. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1752. Pl. 12 foot. 
5 A. eLanpuròsa (Fisch. ined. Link. enum. 2. p. 84.) spur 
incurved ; one-half shorter than the limb; upper part of the herb 
as well as capsules clothed with glandular hairs. %. H. Native 
of the Altaian mountains. A. speciosa, D. C. syst. 1. p. 336. 
À Var. a, discolor (D. C. prod. 1. p. 50.) petals white; sepals 
blue. 
Var. B, cóncolor (D. C. prod. 1. p. 50.) petals, as well as 
sepals, blueish-violet. 
Glandular Columbine. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1822. Pl. 2 feet. 
6 A. Sipirica (Lam. dict. 1. p. 150.) spur incurved ; capsules 
very smooth; stem 1 or 2-flowered, almost naked, smooth: 
sepals very blunt. 2/. H. Native of Dauria in woods. A. 
vulgaris Dahutrica, Willd. spec. 2. p. 1246.—Deless. icon. sel. 1. 
t. 47. Flowers with blue sepals and white petals. 
Siberian Columbine. FI. May, July. Clt. 1806. Pl. 1 foot. 
7 A. apina (Lin. spec. 752.) spurs straight, but somewhat 
incurved at the apex, one-half shorter than the petals ; stem 
leafy, 2 or 3-flowered ; segments of leaves deeply divided into 
linear lobes. %. H. Native on the Alps of Piedmont and 
Switzerland in shady humid places. Deless. icon. sel. 1. t. 48. 
Sweet. brit. fl. gard. t. 218. A. alpina, var. a, D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 
912. Flowers large, blue. The most shewy of all the species. 
Var. B, grandiflora (D. C. syst. 1. p. 337.) sepals oval; spur 
length of limb. 2.H. Native of Siberia on the Altaian Alps. 
A. grandiflora, Patr. ined. Perhaps A. glandulosa concolor ? 
Alpine Columbine. Fl. May, July. Cit.1731. Pl. 1 foot. 
8 A. Pyrena‘ica (D.C. fl. fr. 4. p. 912. syst. 1. p. 337.) 
spurs straight, hardly shorter than the limb; stem almost 
naked, 1-flowered ; segments of leaves deeply divided into linear 
Jobes. 2.H. Native of the Pyrenees and Apennines on the 
higher pastures and on rocks. A. viscosa, Trev. delph. p. 23. t. 
2. A. alpina, var. B. D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 912. Flowers middle sized, 
blue. Like 4. alpina, but smaller in all its parts. 
Pyrenean Columbine. Fl. May, July. Cit. 1818. Pl. 1 foot. 
9 A. Canave’nsis (Lin. spec. 752.) spurs straight, longer than 
the limb; styles and stamens protruding ; sepals acutish, a little 
longer than the petals ; segments of leaves 3-parted, bluntish, 
and deeply toothed at the apex. 2.H. Native of North Ame- 
rica, from Canada to Carolina, in the crevices of rocks. Abun- 
dant at the mouth of the Columbia river, especially about Fort 
Vancouver. Curt. bot. maz. 246. Schkuhr. handb. no. 1434. 
t. 146. Lois. herb. amat. t. 305.—Mill. icon. t. 47. Flowers 
scarlet, mixed with yellow. 
Var. B, hybrida (Hook. fl. bor. amer. p. 24.) spurs a little in- 
curved at the apex ; stamens shorter than in var. a ; flowers for 
the most part purple. . Y. H. Native of North America among 
the Rocky Mountains. 
Canadian Columbine. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1640. Pl. 1 to? ft. 
10 A. Formosa (Fisch. in litt. with a figure D.C. prod. 1. p. 
50.) spurs straight, much longer than the petals and stamens, 
which are very short; styles not protruding ; sepals lanceolate, 
much longer than the petals. 2%. H. Native of Kamtschatka. 
Like 4. Canadénsis in habit, as well as in colour and form of 
the flowers. , 
Beautiful Columbine. FI. April, June. Clt. 1822. Pl. 1 to 13 ft. 
11 A. viripirtoRa (Pall. act. petrop. 1779. p. 262. t. 11.) 
spurs straight, longer than the petals; stamens equal in length 
with the petals ; styles protruding; sepals oval-oblong, shorter 
H 
