82 
Woolly Michelia. Tree 60 feet. i 
12 M. parvirro’ra (Rumph. amb. 2. p. 199. D. C. syst. 1. 
p- 449.) leaves elliptical, a little acuminated, smooth ; branchlets, 
buds, and spaths clothed with rufous tomentum. hk.S. Native 
of the islands of Java and Ternata. Del. icon. sel. 1. t. 85. 
Blum. fl. jav. fasc. 19. p. 18. M. fuscata, Spreng. Magnolia 
parviflora, D. C. syst. 1. p. 459. Flowers small, of a livid flesh 
colour, or cream-coloured, sweet-scented. Peduncles axillary, 
solitary, 1-flowered. Petals 6, inner ones broadest. 
Small-flowered Michelia. Shrub 7-10 feet. 
+ Species scarcely known. 
13 M. cærv'rea (Rumph. amb. 2. p. 199.) R.S. Native 
of Java, where it is called Tsiampacca-Biru. Flowers blue. 
Blue-flowered Michelia. Tree 30 feet. 
14 M.a’tna (Rumph. amb. 2. p.199.). kh. S. Native of 
Java and Baleya. Flowers white, smaller and more pleasant than 
those of M. Champaca. 
White-flowered Michelia. Tree 20 feet. 
Cult. Michelia is a genus of highly ornamental trees. 
succeed well in a mixture of loam and peat. Ripened cuttings 
do best in sand under a hand-glass, in heat. ‘They take well 
and grow freely, inarched on the common Purple Magnolia, 
which is the readiest way of propagating them. (Sweet.) 
They 
VIII. MAGNO'LIA (in honour of Pierre Magnol, professor 
of Medicine, and prefect of the Botanic Garden at Montpelier, 
died 1715, author of Botanicum Monspeliense, 1676, and other 
works). Lin. gen. no. 690. Geert. fruct. 1. p. 343. t.70. Juss. 
gen. 281. Lam. ill. t. 490. D.C. syst. 1. p. 449. prod.1. p. 79. 
Lin. syst. Polydndria, Polygynia. Carpels disposed in 
crowded spikes, opening by the external angle, 1-2-seeded, per- 
manent. Seeds baccate, somewhat cordate, pendulous, hanging 
out beyond the capsules by a very long umbilical thread. Sepals 3. 
A genus of highly ornamental trees. The leaves are large and 
entire. The flowers are solitary, terminal, very large and odo- 
riferous. The bark is bitter and aromatic, tonic and febrifuge. 
Seeds also bitter and often febrifuge. Capsules aromatic. 
Secr. I. Macnotta’strum (from Magnolia and astrum, and 
affixed signification like; that is to say, the true Magnolias). 
D.C. syst. 1. p.450. prod. 1. p. 80. American species, with 
one spath-like bractea, inclosing the flower-bud ; ovaries approxi- 
mate ; anthers bursting outwards. 
1 M. cranprrro’ra (Lin. spec. 755.) evergreen ; leaves oval- 
oblong, coriaceous, upper surface shining, under surface rusty ; 
flowers erect, 9-12-petalled, expanded. h. H. Native of 
North America in forests, in marshy places from North Carolina 
to Louisiana. Lam. ill. 490. Savi. bibl. ital. 1819. no. 47. 
p. 219. Mich. f. arb. amer. 3. p.71.t.1. Duham. arb. ed. nov. 
vol. 2. p. 219. t. 65. 
This very stately, elegant, evergreen tree rises in its native 
country to the height of 70 or 80 feet, dividing into many 
branches, which form a large pyramidal head. Leaves resembling 
those of the common Laurel, pale green and shining, about 10 
inches long. Flowers large, white, sweet-scented. Fruit ovate, 
4 inches long, resembling a cone. It should be planted in a 
sheltered situation, as it is much more tender than the other Ame- 
rican species. In America it flowers the greater part of the sum- 
mer, beginning in May; with us it does not begin till June. 
Var. a, rotundifolia (Sweet, hort. brit. p. 11.) leaves roundish. 
Var. B, obovata; leaves obovate-oblong ; flowers expanded. 
Hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 329. In Carolina this variety is 
known by the name of Big Laurel. 
Var. y, elliptica ; leaves oblong-elliptical ; flowers somewhat 
contracted. Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 329. Lodd. bot. 
cab. 814, Mill. icon. vol. 2. t.172. This variety is called the 
MAGNOLIACE. VIII. Maenotia. 
Exmouth Magnolia. It is hardier than the other varieties, and 
flowers earlier. 
Var. è, ferruginea (Sims, bot. mag. 1952.) leaves oblong-lan- 
ceolate, under surface rusty; flowers somewhat contracted, 
This variety flowers at a smaller size than the other varieties. 
Var. s, lanceolata ; leaves oblong-lanceolate ; flowers some- 
what contracted. Ait. hort. kew. ed. 2. vol. 3. p. 329. M. 
grandiflora, Andr. bot. rep. 518. 
Great-flowered or Great Laurel-leaved Magnolia. Clt. 1787, 
Fl. June, Aug. Tree 70 feet. 
2 M. erav’ca (Lin. spec. ed. 2. p. 755.) almost deciduous; 
leaves elliptical, obtuse, under surface glaucous ; flowers 9-12- 
petalled, contracted; petals ovate, concave. h. H. Native of 
North America in low, moist, swampy ground at a little distance 
from the sea, from Massachusetts to Florida and Louisiana, espe- 
cially in New Jersey and Carolina. Schkuhr. handb. no. 1441. 
t. 148. Lodd. bot. cab. t. 215. Sims, bot. mag. 2164. Mich. 
f. arb. amer. 3. p. 77. t. 2. Duham. abr. ed. nov. vol. 2. p. 223. 
t. 66. Bonpl. nav. p. 103. t. 42. Bigl. med. bot. t. 27. M. 
fragrans, Sal. prod. 379. M. Virginiana, var. a, glaúca, Lin. 
spec. ed. 1. p. 538. Fruit red when ripe. E 
Var. B, argéntea; leaves oblong, under surface silvery, whitish- 
glaucous. Pursh. in herb. Lamb. 
Var. y, Thomsoniana (Hort. ulan.) a hybrid between M. 
glaúca and M. umbrélla, raised from seed by Mr. Thomson, of 
Mile End Nursery.’ 
Var. ò Gordoniana (Hort.) hybrid. 
Var. e, Burchellidna (Hort.) hybrid. 
The bark of this tree has a bitter taste, combined with a strong 
aromatic pungency, which approaches that of Sassafras. The 
aroma resides ina volatile portion, which is probably an essential 
oil, or a variety of camphor. It is lost from the bark in a dry 
state. Water distilled from the green bark has its peculiar 
flavour, with an empyreumatic smell. The dry bark affords a 
little resin, and more of a bitter extractive substance. As 4 
medicinal article Magnolia is to be considered an aromatic tonic, 
approaching in its character to Cascarilla Canella, &c. Chronic 
`- rheumatism is one of the diseases in which it exhibits most effi- 
cacy, all parts of the plant are employed in tincture with very 
good success in this disease. In intermittent and remittent fevers 
the bark is one of the many tonics which have been resorted to 
for the cure of the inhabitants of the marshy countries of Nort 
America. Sufficient testimony has been given in its favour as t0 
warrant a belief that it is fully adequate to the removal of fever 
and ague, when administered like the Cinchéna in liberal quan” 
tities between the paroxysms. Several other species of Mag nòli 
resemble the present very closely in their sensible properties, 
and as far as have been tried they are similar in their medici 
effects. In order to secure the whole efficacy residing m these 
trees, a tincture should be made from the bark or cones W 
green, or very recently dried, before their more volatile parts 
have escaped. 
This tree usually grows 15 or 20 feet high. The flowers at 
white or cream-coloured, and have an agreeable sweet scent. 
In America this tree is known by the names of W hite Laure 
Swamp Laurel, Swamp Sassafras, Sweet Bay, and Beaver Tret 
It has the last name, because the root is eaten as a great dainty 
by beavers, and this animal is caught by means of it. he 
says these trees may be discovered ata distance of 3 miles byt 
scent of their blossoms, if the wind be favorable. It is bey? 
description pleasant to travel in the woods at the flowering seasom 
especially in the evening. They retain their flowers for 3 weess 
and even longer. The berries also look very handsome, ¥ p 
they are ripe, being of a rich red colour, and hanging in bune 
on slender threads. The inhabitants cure coughs and other pet 
toral diseases by putting these berries into brandy, and giving 
