104 MENISPERMACE. II. Srauntonia. 
foliate ; leaflets ovate ; bracteas small, along the pedicels. h. 
u S. Native of Peru. Deless. icon. sel. 1. t. 92. A some- 
what climbing shrub, with the habit of a species of Glycine. 
Flowers whitish-yellow. Petals 6, ovate-roundish, situated at 
the base of the column of stamens. 
Trifoliate Lardizabala. Shrub cl. 
Cult. See Cócculus and Stauntonia. 
II. STAUNTO NIA (in honour of Sir George Staunton, who 
has introduced numerous plants from China, on his return from 
a mission there with Lord Macartney). D.C. syst. 1. p. 513. 
prod. 1. p. 96. ; 
Liv. syst. Dic cia Monodélphia. 
nary order in 2 series. Petals none. Male flowers with 6 
monodelphous stamens. Female flowers unknown. 
1 S. Cuine’nsis (D. C. syst. 1. p. 514.) k. G. Native of 
China. Sepals of flower 6 lines long. Anthers whitish. Leaves 
on petioles, peltate, 5-foliate. A smooth sarmentose shrub. 
Chinese Stauntonia. Shrub rambling. 
Cult. This plant, as well as all belonging to Menispermacee, 
require plenty of room to grow and climb or they will not 
flower. A mixture of loam and peat suit it well, and cuttings 
put in in the spring will root freely, under a hand-glass. t 
IHI. BURASA'IA (from Bourasaha, the name of the plant 
in Madagascar.) Pet. Th. dict. scient. nat. ex gen. madag. p. 
18. D. C. syst. 1. p. 514. prod. 1. p. 96. 
Liy. syst. Dic'cia Monodélphia. Sepals and petals dis- 
posed in a ternary order in 2 series. Male flowers with 6 
stamens, which are joined at the base. Female flowers with 6 
sterile stamens, triple ovary, and 3 drupes. 
1 B. Mapacascarie Nsis (Pet. Th. l. c.) h.S. Native of 
Madagascar. Leaves alternate, trifoliate, on long petioles ; 
leaflets 3, ovate, entire. A weak shrub with racemose flowers. 
Madagascar Bourasaha. Shrub rambling. 
Cult. This plant will thrive well in a mixture of loam and 
peat, and cuttings put in in the spring will root freely under a 
hand-glass, placed in a good heat. t 
Sepals disposed in a ter- 
`- IV. HOLBOLLIA (in honour of Fred. Louis Holboel, super- 
intendent of the botanic garden at Copenhagen.) Wall. tent. fl. 
nap. 1. p. 25. t. 16 and 17. 
Lin. syst. Monæ cia, Hexandria. Flowers monoecious. Pe- 
rianth 6-leaved, disposed in a double series. Stamens 6, distinct. 
Glands 6, opposite the base of the stamens. Female flowers, with 
6 sterile stamens. Stigma simple. Berries 3, distinct, oblong, 
follicular, 1-celled, many-seeded.—Climbing shrubs, with com- 
pound leaves. The natives of Nipaul eat the fruit of both 
species, the pulp of which is sweetish, but otherwise of an in- 
sipid taste. It is very probable that Rajania quindta and hexa- 
phylla, Thunb. fl. jap. 148, 149. belong to this genus. 
1 H. vatiro Lra (Wall. tent. fl. nap. 1. p. 24. t. 16.) leaflets 
3-5, ovate-oblong, 3-nerved; flowers racemose. h. vu G. 
Native of Nipaul on Chundaghira and Sheopore. Flowers white, 
campanulate. Fruit baccate, oval, turning, purple, eatable. 
Broad-leaved Holbollia. Shrub cl. 
2 H. ancustiro'nia (Wall. tent. fl. nap. 1. p. 25. t. 17.) 
leaflets 7-9, linear-lanceolate, acuminated ; peduncles 2-3-flower- 
ed, in fascicles. k. J. G. Native of Nipaul, with the last. 
Flowers white, purplish on the outside. Fruit baccate, turning 
purple, eatable. 
Narron-leaved Holbollia. 
Cult. 
Shrub cl. 
See Cocculus and Stauntonia. 
V. GYNOSTE’MMA (from yuvn, gyne, a female or stigma ; 
oreupa, Stemma, a crown; Ovaries crowned by the permanent stig~ 
mas.) Blum. bijdr. fl. ned. ind. ex Schlecht. Linnea, 1. p. 497, 
III. Burasata. 
IV. HorsörLLa. V. Gynostemma, &c. 
Lin. syst. Dicecia, Monodélphia. Flowers dioecious. Sepals 
10, disposed in a quinary order, connected at the base. Petals 
wanting. Stamens 5, monodelphous, bearing the anthers on the 
outside; anthers 2-celled, connected into a ring. Female 
flowers with the calyx as in the male. Ovary simple, half in- 
ferior, 3-5-celled ; cells 1-seeded. Stigmas 3-4, permanent. 
Drupes globose, 3-4-celled; cells or nuts 1-seeded. Embryo 
inverted, without albumen.—Climbing shrubs, with simple or 
pedate leaves. 
1 G. repa ta (Blum. 1. c.) leaves 3-7-foliate ; leaflets ovate- 
oblong, coarsely toothed; panicle axillary. k. S. Native 
of Java. 
Pedate-leaved Gynostemma. Shrub cl. 
2 G. SIMPLICIFO`LIA (Blum, 1. c.) leaves ovate-oblong, acumi- 
nated, smooth, terminated by a repand-serrulated mucrone ; ra- 
cemes panicled, axillary, and terminal. h. S. Native of Java. 
Simple-leaved Gynostemma. Shrub cl. 
Cult. See Cocculus and Stauntonia. 
Tribe II. 
MENISPE’RMEZ& (plants agreeing in character with Menis- 
pérmum.) D.C. prod. 1. p. 96. Flowers usually dioecious ; male 
flowers equal in number of parts. Carpels many, distinct, l- 
celled, 1-seeded. Leaves simple. Twining or climbing shrubs, with 
small inconspicuous flowers, which are usually greenish-yellow. 
VI. SPIROSPE’RMUM (from ompa, spiera, a screw ; orep- 
pa, sperma, a seed; embryo long and spirally twisted.) Pet. Th. 
dict. scienc. nat. ex gen. mad. p. 19. no. 63. D. C. syst. 1. p- 
514, prod. 1. p. 96. ; 
Liy. syst. Dia'cia, Monodélphia. Sepals and petals dis- 
posed in a ternary order in two series. Male flowers with 6 
stamens, the 3 inner ones are joined at the base ; female ones 
with 8 or 9 carpels, forming a round head. Embryo cylindrical, 
very long and spirally twisted, whence the generic name. . 
1 S. PENDULIFLORUM (Pet. Th. l. c.) h. U.S. Native of 
Madagascar. A weak sarmentose shrub, with alternate many- 
nerved leaves, and pendulous racemes of flowers. 
Pendulous-flowered Spirospermum. i 
Cult. This genus requires the same treatment as Cócculus, 
which see. 
VII. CO'CCULUS (from coccus, the systematic name of 
cochineal, applied to this genus on account of the greater part 0 
the species bearing scarlet berries.) Bauh. pin, 511. D. C. syst 
1. p. 515. prod. 1. p. 96. ' : 
Lin. syst. Dic’ cia, Hexéndria. Sepals and petals disposed in 
a ternary order, in 2, very rarely in 3 series (f. 29. a-). Male 
flowers with 6 free stamens (f. 29. b.) opposite the petals ; 
female ones with 3 or 6 carpels. Drupes baccate, 1 to. 6, usually 
obliquely-reniform, somewhat flattened, 1-seeded. Cotelydons 
distant. A large genus of climbing or twining shrubs, with pel- 
tate, cordate, ovate or oblong, entire, rarely lobed leaves. Pe- 
duncles axillary, rarely lateral, those bearing the male flower 
usually many-flowered, those bearing the female ones few- 
flowered, either free from bracteas or furnished with very s™ 
ones (not as in C'issámpelos furnished with large bracteas.) +! e 
berries of many of this genus are used in their native countries 
to intoxicate fish and birds, &c. in order to take them, beimg 
made up into a paste, and it is said they are often used bY 
brewers to give their ale and porter an intoxicating quality- 
§ 1. Leaves peltate. 
1 C. Jaro’nicus (D. C. syst. 1. p. 516.) leaves peltate 
roundish-ovate, acuminated, quite. entire, smooth ; petioles 
twining, length of leaves; female peduncles 3 times shorter than 
the petioles, umbelliferous; carpels twin. h. G- Nati? 
of Japan near Nagasaki and elsewhere. Menispérmum Japón- 
