112 MENISPERMACEZ, XIII 
pubescent above and tomentose beneath, of a hoary-grey colour, 
on short stalks ; male flowers racemose, male corolla cup-shaped. 
h.S. Native of Brasil, in the province of St. Paul. Racemes 
solitary in the axillee of the leaves, rarely twin or tern. Petal 
about one half shorter than the calyx. 
Common Cissampelos. Fl. Oct. Shrub 14 foot. 
36 C. verutrna (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 52.) stem suffruticose, 
erect, simple, woolly; leaves ovate, obtuse, velvety ; male co- 
rymbs axillary, hairy, in fours; male corolla cup-shaped, obso- 
letely 4-lobed, pilose on the outside. .S. Native of Brasil, 
in the province of St. Paul. Stem solitary or numerous. Flow- 
ers greenish. 
Velvety Cissampelos. Fl. Oct. Shrub 2 feet. 
37 C, suporsicuxa‘ris (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 53.) stem suffru- 
ticose, erect, simple, tomentose; leaves somewhat orbicular, 
hardly repand, pubescent above and tomentose beneath on long- 
ish petioles ; male corymbs in twos or fours, without bracteas ; 
corolla cup-shaped, 4-lobed, rather pilose. hk. S. Native of 
Brasil, in the province of Minas Geraes. 
Var. B, sublanata (St. Hil. 1. c. p. 53.) stems rather woolly ; 
leaves somewhat cuspidate. 
Suborbicular-leaved Cissampelos. Shrub 2 feet. 
§ 4. Female racemes bractless. 
38 C. ANDROMO'RPHA (D. C. syst. 1. p. 539.) leaves somewhat 
heart-shaped, quite smooth, membranous, entire, mucronate ; fe- 
male peduncles aggregate, branched, bractless. h. S. Native 
of Cayenne. Deless. icon. sel. 1. t. 99. A very distinct species, 
which should perhaps be made a distinct genus. 
Andromorphous Cissampelos. Fl.? Shrub cl. 
39 C. epractea'a (St. Hil. pl. usu. bras. t. 35. fl. bras. 1. p. 
53.) stem suffruticose, erect, simple, downy ; leaves orbicularly- 
rhomboid, scarcely repand, pubescent above, downy beneath ; 
female flowers axillary in fascicles, bractless. h.S. Native of 
Brasil, in the province of Minas Geraes, where it is called by the 
inhabitants Orelha de Onca. The roots of this plant are consi- 
dered a specific against the bite of serpents. 
Bractless Cissampelos. Shrub 2-3 feet. 
Cult. All the species of this genus will grow freely in a mix- 
ture of loam and peat ; and cuttings root freely, if planted in a pot 
of the same kind of earth, with a hand-glass placed over them, in 
heat. The species are either stove or green-house, and the greater 
part of them require a great deal of room to spread, before they 
can be got to flower. 
XIII. MENISPE'RMUM (from pnvn, mene, the moon, and 
oreppa, sperma, a seed; in allusion to the half-moon, or kid- 
ney-shape of the fruit.) Tourn. mem. acad. par. 1705. p. 237. 
Lam. ill. t. 824. D.C. syst. 1. p. 539. prod. 1. p. 102. 
Lin. syst. Dic cia, Polydndria. Sepals and petals disposed 
in a quaternary order, in two or three series; male flowers with 
16-20 stamens ; female flowers with 2-4 ovaries. Drupe bac- 
cate, roundish, kidney-shaped, 1-seeded. Climbing shrubs with 
alternate peltate or cordate smoothish leaves ; peduncles axillary 
or supraxillary. Male and female peduncles rather dissimilar. 
Flowers small, greenish-white. 
1 M. Canave’nss (Lin. spec. 1468.) leaves peltate, smoothish, 
somewhat cordate, roundish, angular ; angles bluntish, terminal 
one abruptly awned, mucronate, racemes solitary, compound ; 
petals 8. h. J. H. Native of North America among bushes 
on the banks of rivers, and on fertile declivities, from Canada to 
Carolina. Sims, bot. mag. t. 1910. Schkuhr. handb. 3 t. 337. 
M. Canadénse var. a, Lam. dict. 4. p. 95. ill. t. 824., M. angu- 
làtum, Moench. meth. 277. Flowers small, yellowish-green. 
Berries black. i 
Var. B, lobàtum (D. C. syst. 1. p. 540.) angles of leaves 
. MENISPERMUM. 
XIV. Asura. 
acutish. M. Virginicum, Lin. spec. 1468. Flowers small, green- 
ish-white. Berries black.—Dill. elth. 223. t. 178. f. 219. 
Canadian Moon-seed. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1691. Shrubcl, 
2 M. Da'uricu{ (D. C. syst. 1. p. 540.) leaves peltate, smooth, 
cordate, angular ; angles acute, terminal one acuminated, hardly 
mucronate ; racemes in pairs, capitellate. h.. H. Native of 
Dauria, on rocky hills, at the river Chilca, not far from the town 
of Nertchinsk, and also about Ouroulga. Deless. icon. sel. 1. 
t. 100. Trilophus ampelisagria, Fisch in. hort. gorenk.—Gmel. 
Sib. 3. p. 108. M. Canadénse, var. 8, Lam. dict. 4. p. 95. Very 
like M. Canadénse, but of smaller stature. Flowers yellowish. 
Daurian Moon-seed. Fl. Jun. Jul. Clt. 1818. Shrubcl.? 
3 M.sminact'na (D.C. syst. 1. p. 541.) leaves peltate, smooth- 
ish, cordate-roundish, bluntly angular, under surface glaucous; 
racemes simple; petals 4. h. |. H. Native of Carolina. 
Cissampelos smilacina, Lin. spec. 1473. Jacq. coll. 4. p. 128. 
icon. rar. 3. t. 629.—Cat. carol. 1. p. 51. t.51. Female flowers 
unknown. 
Smilax-like Moon-seed. FI. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1776. Shrub cl. 
4 M. Lyo'n1 (Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 371.) leaves cordate, 
palmately-lobed, on long petioles; racemes simple ; flowers with 
6 petals and 12 stamens. XY.. H. Native of Kentucky and 
Tennessee. Stems 8 or 10 feet long. Leaves broad. Berries 
large, black, 1-seeded. Flowers purple. 
Lyon’s Moon-seed. Fl. July, August. Clt. 1822. Shrub cl. 
tA species not sufficiently known. 
5 M.? acu‘rum (Thunb. jap. 193.) leaves cordate, angular, 
behind, acuminated at the apex, smooth. k. u? H. Na- 
tive of Japan, about Nagasaki. Lam. dict. 4. p. 96. Flowers 
unknown. 
Acute-leaved Moon-seed. Shrub cl.? 
Cult. As the species are all hardy climbing plants, they may 
be used for covering bowers or trellis-work; they are readily 
increased by dividing the plants at the roots, or by cuttings planted 
in a sheltered situation, early in the spring. Seeds vegetate freely. 
XIV. ABU'TA. (Abouta, or Abuta, is the Caribbean name of 
this tree in Guiana.) Barrer. fr. æq. 1. Aubl. guian. 1. p. 618. 
Juss. gen. 286. D. C. syst. 1. p. 542. prod. 1. p. 103. 
Lin. syst. Dicecia, Monodélphia. Flowers unknown. Bet 
ries 2 or 3, rising from the same receptacle, (f. 30. a.) large, ovate 
dry, somewhat compressed, 1-seeded, (f. 30. b.) with a brittle có- 
vering. Large climbing shrubs, with ovate feather-nerved leaves, 
the two lower nerves approximate. 
1 A. RuFe’scens (Aubl. guian. 1. 
p. 618. t. 250.) leaves ovate, acute, 
entire, under surface greyish-velvety 
or brownish. h.. S. Native of 
Cayenne and Guiana, in woods. Male 
flowers grey-velvety on the outside, 
dark-purple on the inside; female 
ones unknown. Bark brown; wood 
reddish. A ptisan is prepared from 
the branches, which is used by the na- 
tives of Cayenne against obstruction 
of the liver, to which they are often 
subject: the ordinary dose is a drachm gy 
boiled or infused in a pint of water : & 
The same plant is called by them ` 
White Paréira-brava. There are also 
varieties with yellow branches and red 
branches, called Yellow Paréira-brava and Red Pareira-brae® 
and perhaps the roots of this are confused with those of the tr” 
Pareira-brava of Brasil ( Cissdémpelos Paréira ), and sold in shops 
for them (f. 30.) 
FIG. 30. 
