128 
their back, oblong, 2-celled (f. 37. c.) opening upwards from the 
base, hardly to the apex. Ovary 1, large, globose, with 5 lon- 
gitudinal furrows (f. 37. f.). Style columnar, crowned by a 
broad, convex, leafy, 5-angled stigma (f. 37. d.). Capsule glo- 
bose, crowned by the permanent style and stigma, 5-lobed, 5- 
celled, 5-valved, many-seeded (f. 37. f.), valves separating from 
the apex. Placentas 5, one in each cell closely covered with 
seeds, progressing from the central axis. Seeds small, minutely 
tubercled (f. 37. g.). Embryo cylindrical, cleft at one extre- 
mity into 2 cotyledons, placed at the base of a copious waxy- 
granular albumen, with the radicle pointing towards the hilum: 
The seeds are keeled on their under side, inserted by their nar- 
rowest point upon a large club-shaped, stipitate receptacle, 
which stands out from the central column or axis into the middle 
of each cell. The valves of the capsule open from above be- 
tween the cells, whose dissepiments are attached to the centre of 
each valve, and separate from the central axis of the column. 
Well known singular plants, inhabitants of the swamps of North 
America, remarkable for the singular form of their leaves, 
which are tubular and hold water, and some species have lids 
or covers, which it is alleged shrink and close over the mouth, so 
as to prevent the exhalation of the water. In dry weather birds 
resort to them for drink. Scapes always 1-flowered. Flowers 
large, nodding, greenish-yellow or dark purple. This order 
differs chiefly from Papaverdcee and Nymphiacee in having 
a broad, peltate, leafy stigma, but it is still nearer to the former 
than the latter in the capsules being furnished with intervalvular 
placentas. 
I. SARRACENIA (so named by Tournefort in honour of 
Dr. Sarrazin, a French physician of rank residing at Quebec, 
who sent this genus to him from Canada). Tourn. Lin. gen. 
no. 885. 
_ Lin. syst. Polydndria, Monogynia. Character the same as 
the order. The genus is called in English Side-saddle-flower, 
from the resemblance of the style and stigma to a woman’s 
pillion. 
1 S. PURPU REA(Lin. spec. 728.)leaves short, constrictedat top, 
with the tube inflated and gibbous, and the lid or wing or helmet- 
like appendage, erect, broad-cordate, and sometimes emarginate. 
Y.F.M. Native of North America in swampy places about Que- 
bec, Lake Huron, and probably common throughout Canada, and 
as far north as Bear Lake and as far south as Carolina. Sims, bot. 
mag. 849. Mill. fig. 2. 241.—Cat. 
car. 2.t. 70. Flowers dark purple. 
Seeds reddish. ` 
Purple-flowered 
flower. Fl. Ju. Jul. 
PI, 1 foot. 
2 S. RUBRA (Walt. fl. car. 152.) 
leaves short, coloured upwards 
with netted veins; tube ending 
gradually in a somewhat arch- 
ed, long, pointed appendage (f. 
37. i) Uw. F. M. Native of 
North America in the swamps of 
Georgia and Florida. Hook. exot. 
fl. 13. S. psittacina, Mich. fl. bor, 
amer. 1. p. 311. Pursh, fl. amer. 
sept. 2. p. 368.—Pluk amalth. t. 
152. f. 3.? Flowers on very long 
FIG. 37. 
Side-saddle- 
Clt. 1646. 
SARRACENIEÆ. I. Sarracenra. PAPAVERACES. 
peduncles, purple. Leaves small, very handsomely marked with 
purple veins (f. 37.). 
Red-flowered Side-saddle-flower. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1786. Pl. 1ft. 
3 S. rava (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 310.) leaves straight, 
very long, funnel-shaped, with a spreading throat ; appendage 
erect, constricted at the base, with the sides in the lower part bent 
backwards, and ending in an awl-shaped mucrone. 1%. F. M. 
Native of North America in open swamps from Virginia to Florida, 
Sims, bot. mag. 780. Andr. bot. rep. 381.—Catesb. car. 2. t. 
69.—Pluk. amalth. t. 376. f.5. Flowers yellow. ‘This is the 
tallest growing species ; the leaves are often 2 feet long. 
Yellow-flowered Side-saddle-flower. Fl. June, July. Cit. 
1752. Pl. 2 feet. 
4 S. varioza Ris (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 310.) leaves 
elongated, their tube spotted on the back, ending in a short 
arched appendage. 2. F. M. Native of North America in 
open swamps on a sandy soil from North Carolina to Florida. 
Sims, bot. mag. 1710. S. adtnca, Smith exot. bot. 1. t. 53. 
S. minor, Walt. car. 153. Flowers yellow. The transparent 
spots on the back of the leaf distinguish this species readily 
from the preceding, with which it has often been confounded. 
Chequered Side-saddle-flower. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1803. Pl. 1 ft. 
Cult. These singular and handsome plants are very desirable 
objects in the collections of the admirers of nature. They are 
all inhabitants of the swamps of North America, but will not 
stand in the open air in Britain. They should be kept in pots 
filled with turfy peat at the bottom, and the upper part with 
Spagnum or water-moss in which the plants must be set and 
then placed in pans of water ; they succeed best in frames in 4 
shady situation or in a stove. They also succeed very well if 
set in Spdgnum in a frame without pots, but they always will re- 
quire to be kept rather moist and well shaded. In this last 
way the sashes require to be almost always kept shut. There 
is no way known by which they can be increased in this country 
but by dividing the plants at the root. Most of the plants in the 
gardens have been imported from North America. 
Orver XII. PAPAVERA'CEZ (plants agreeing with Pø- 
paver in many important characters.) Juss. gen. 236. excluding 
Fumariicee. D. C. syst. 2. p. 67. prod. 1. p. 117. Rhæàdeæ, 
Lin. ord. nat. ed. Gisel. 383. 
Calyx of 2 deciduous sepals, inclosing the young flower (f. 38. 
a.), or calyptrate (f. 41. f.). Petals usually 4 (f. 38. b. f. 39. & 
f. 41. a.), free, rarely wanting, usually regular ; irregularly plaited 
before evolution. Stamens indefinite (f. 39. b. f. 40. c.), seldom 
definite, disposed in one or many series ; filaments filiform; 2” 
thers 2-celled, inserted by their base, opening by 2-furrows: 
Ovary 1 (f. 38. d.) free, oblong, constantly of 2 or many carpelss 
clasped by a membranous production of the Thalamus (f. 38. € ) 
Style short or wanting. Stigmas-2-4 (f. 41. c.) 6, or numerous 
(f. 38. c.), usually stellately disposed on the top of the ovary 
(f. 38. c.). Capsules the same as the ovaries (f. 38. d. f. 39. © 
f. 41. d.), with 2 (f. 39. c. f. 41. e.) or numerous, intervalvular, 
placentas, bearing seeds on both sides (f. 38. e.), adhering to the 
sides of the valves ; but in the 2-valved silique-formed capsules, 
the seeds are born on the margins (f. 39. c. f. 41. e.), sometimes 
opening at the base, sometimes at the top, each cell or carpel 
usually ending in a permanent style or stigma. Seeds numerous 
(f. 38. e. f. 39. ¢.), rarely solitary from abortion, inserted in the 
intervalvular placentas, unless in silique-formed capsules ; nearly 
globose, destitute of aril except Boccdnia. Embryo S$ 
placed in the base of a fleshy oily albumen ; cotyledous ovate 
