PAPAVERACE, XIII. Hyrrcoum. 
in each articulation, alternately fixed on both ‘sides of the pla- 
centas. Embryo filiform, arched. Albumen fleshy.—Small an- 
nual herbs, yielding a yellow juice, which is affirmed to have the 
same effect as opium. Radical leaves, smooth, glaucous, stalked, 
pinnate ; segments pinnately-multifid. Stem, or floral leaf, ses- 
sile, situated under the branches or pedicels. Flowers small, 
terminal, umbellate, yellow. 
1 H. procu’mpens (Lin. spec. 181.) capsules articulated, 
compressed, arched ; petals 3-lobed, external ones smooth on the 
back. ©.H. Native of Europe, from Spain to Astracan, in 
sandy places. Lam. ill. no. 1720. t. 88. Schkuhr. handb. 1. 
p- 90. t.27. Smith, fl. grec. 155. H. nodosum. Lam. fl. 
fr. 2. p. 640. H. arcuatum, Moench. meth. 217. The 2 outer 
petals largest. Central segment of the inner petals toothed. 
Procumbent Hypecoum. Fl. Jun. Jul. Clt. 1596. Pl. + foot. 
2. H. irrrora're (Wulf. in Jacq. coll. 2. p. 205. icon. rar. 2. 
t. 309.) capsules articulated, compressed, arched ; petals all en- 
tire, linear-spatulate, outer ones pubescent on the back. ©. H. 
Native of Carinthia, along the sandy shores of the Adriatic sea ; 
also in Mauritania, along the Mediterranean. Very like H. 
procumbens. 
Sea-shore Hypecoum. FI. Jun. Jul. Pl. 4 foot. 
3 H. ipr’rse (Smith fl. grec. 2. p. 47. t. 156.) capsules 
articulated, compressed, arched ; sepals dentately-fringed ; petals 
3-lobed, all beardless. ©. H. Native of the island of Cyprus. 
Inner petals half trifid, not 3-parted; lateral lobes oblong, 
devaricating. 
Beardless-petalled Hypecoum. Fl. Jun. July. Pl. 4 foot. 
4 H. PA TENS (Willd. hort. berl. t. 5.) capsules articulated, cy- 
lindrical, curved; petals glabrous, outer ones nearly entire, un- 
guiculate, heart-shaped; inner ones 3-parted. ©. H. Native of 
sandy deserts near Alexandria; plentiful in the peninsula of Ras- 
Otten, and the island of Crete. Mnemosilla /Egyptiaca, Forsk. 
egyp. 122. The two exterior petals are large and unguiculate, 
with a very broad acute limb, appearing as if it were furnished 
with a lobule on both sides; and hence it is nearly halbert- 
shaped. 
Spreading Hypecoum. Fl. April, May. PI. 4 foot. 
5 H. PENDULUM (Lin. spec. 181.) capsules knotted, cylindri- 
cal, pendulous ; petals glabrous, the 2 outer ones ovate-oblong, 
pendulous, the 2 inner ones 3-parted. ©. H. Native of Eu- 
be from Spain to the Caspian Sea, in sandy fields. Mill. fig. 
g 0. f. 1. Petals smooth, pale-yellow, large, oval-oblong, en- 
E tapering a little towards the base. 
i r p lous-capsuled Hypecoum. FI. May, July. Cit. 1640. 
«+ foot. 
ais ERE ctu (Lin. spec. 181.) capsules not articulated, 
a pompressed ; petals glabrous, outer ones wedge-shaped, 
obed. at 3-lobed, inner ones trifid ; lateral lobes somewhat 2- 
river: paddle one small. ©.H. Native of Dauria, at the 
even elenga, Angara, Kourba, &c.; and beyond the Baikal, 
: ‘unto the mountains of China. Amm. ruth. 58. t. 9. This 
Pecies has the largest flowers of any in the genus. Sepals small, 
ceolate, pointed. 
, Frect-capsuled Hypecoum, Fl. June, July. Clt. 1759. 
+ tot foot. l 
wit The species of this genus only require to be sown in the 
er border where they are intended to remain. 
Orpen XI. FUMARIA'CEÆ. (plants agreeing with Fu- 
Fim, in Many important characters.) D. C. syst. 2. p. 105. 
arieæ, D, C. thear. ed. 2. p. 244. 
paa of two small deciduous membranous sepals, (f. 24. o.) 
ly (£. 42. h. b.) irregular, usually connected at the base, 
times all free, sometimes only with the lower one free, (f. 42. 
Pl. 
FUMARIACE. 139 
l.), and the rest connected, the 2 exterior ones alternating with the 
sepals, sometimes both are equally drawn out at the base into a 
hollow spur, or gibbosity, (f. 24. 0.) sometimes with the lower 
one flat, and the upper one with a spur, (f. 42. h. k.) or gibbosity 
at the base. 
J. 44. e.) very rarely all free ; these bundles appear as if they were 
3-anthered filaments, (f. 42.7. 44. e.) or the filament bearing an 8- 
celled anther, the lateral anthers being 1-celled, the intermediate 
ones 2-celled. Ovary 1, (f. 42. c.) constantly of 2-connected car- 
pels (f. 42. e.). Style filiform (f. 42.7.). Stigma bilamellate, (f. 42, 
d.). Capsules dry, of various forms, sometimes silique-formed (f. ` 
42. e. f. 44. b.) with opposite valves, and 2 nerve-formed per- 
manent placentas at the sutures, many-seeded, sometimes 2-valved 
2-seeded, with the valves connected and indehiscent, sometimes 
valveless and 1-seeded, (f. 42. m. n.) from abortion ; sometimes 
baccate, many-seeded, (f. 43. g. p.) Seeds fixed to the lateral pla- 
centas, (f. 42. g. f. 44. b.), horizontal, ovate-globose, shining, 
black, furnished at the base with aril or a caruncle. Albumen 
fleshy. Embryo in the seeds of indehiscent fruit small and 
straight, those in the dehiscent capsules longer and a little arched. 
Cotyledons oblong, flat. Herbs yielding a watery juice. Roots 
annual or perennial, fibrous or tuberous. Stems annual, herba- 
ceous, usually angular. Leaves usually decompound, from the 
petiole being branched, smooth. Racemes terminal, or opposite 
the leaves. Bracteas membranous, one under each pedicel, as 
well as furnished with sepal-like bracteoles on each pedicel. 
Flowers purple, white, or yellow, emulating those of Polygala. 
The herbs are bitter and scentless; they are reckoned slightly 
diaphoretic and aperient. . The juice was prescribed by old prac- 
titioners against obstructions of the viscera and liver,.but is more 
especially used for curing various cutaneous eruptions. This 
order differs from Papaverdcee, to which it is very closely allied, 
in abounding in watery juice, instead of a milky juice, and in 
the petals being irregular, usually connected, as well as in the 
stamens being diadelphous. It differs from Crucifer@ in the 
calyx being of 2 sepals, as well as in the structure of the petals 
and seeds, and disposition of the stamens. The plants contained 
in Fumaridce@ are all natives of the temperate zones. 
Stamens 6, connected together into 2 bundles, (f. 42.. 
Synopsis of the Genera. 
I. Drety’tra. Petals 4, the 2 outer equally spurred or gib- 
bous at the base, (f. 42. 0.). Silique 2-valved, many-seeded, 
(f£. 42. i. 0. p.). 
II. Dactyzica’pnos. Petals 4, deciduous, (f. 43. q.); the 
2 exterior ones sessile, gibbous at the base ; the 2 inner ones on 
long claws, (f.°43. c.). Berries cylindrical-oblong, (f. 43. g.) 
many-seeded, (f. 43. p.). 
III. Aptu'mra. Petals 4, connected together into a monope- 
talous, spongy, permanent corolla, which is not gibbous at the 
base, (f. 42. a.) Silique 2-valved, many-seeded, (f. 42. e.) 
(£. 42. a. b. c. d. e.). 
IV. Cystica’pros. Petals 4, one of which is gibbous at the 
base. Capsule bladdery, many-seeded, (f. 42. fee) 
V. Cory’pauts. Petals 4, one of which is spurred at the base. 
(f£. 44.) Silique 2-valved, compressed, many-seeded, (f. 44. b.). 
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