FUMARIACES. VII. Fumaria. 
Lin, syst. Diadélphia, Hexdndria. Petals 4, lower one 
linear free, (f. 42. l.), the 3 upper ones connate at the base, middle 
one of these with a spur at the base (f. 42. k.). Stamens dia- 
delphous. Capsules indehiscent, 1-seeded (f. 42. m.n.). Style 
deciduous. Smooth, slender herbs, with alternate-decompound 
leaves. Flowers small, racemose, white, or purplish. 
Sect. I. Pratyca’pnos (from mAarue, platys, broad, karvoc, 
capnos, fumitory ; broad podded fumitory.) D. C. syst. 2. p. 
131. Pods compressed. 
1 F. spica'ra (Lin. spec. 985.) pods compressed, oval, smooth ; 
racemes spicate ; pedicels much shorter than the bracteas ; stems 
erect. ©. H. Native of the south of Europe in cultivated fields. 
—Morr. hist. 2. p. 261. sect. 3. t. 12. f. 11. Leaves glaucous, 
stalked, multifidly-decompound into crowded linear awl-shaped 
lobes. Flowers white at the base and purple at the apex. 
_ Var. P, aurantiaco-crocea (D. C. syst. 2. p.131.) ©.H. Na- 
tive of Spain. Distinguished from the species by its smaller 
habit and orange-copper-coloured flowers. 
Spiked-flowered Fumitory. Fl. May, Aug. Clt. 1714. Pl. 
l or 14 foot. 
2 F. rurpina'ra (Smith, in D.C. syst. 2. p. 132.) pods com- 
pressed, turbinate, truncate, striated ; stems somewhat climbing ; 
petioles cirrhose at the top. ©.? H. Native of the Levant. 
F. claviculàta, Lin. herb. Flowers racemose, small ; perhaps 
purplish ? 
Turbinated-podded Fumitory. Pl. 2 feet. 
a SE corymBo sa (Desf. act. soc. hist. nat. par. 1. p. 26. t. 6. 
cemes somewhat corymbose ; frutiferous pedicels, much longer 
than the bracteas ; stems diffuse. 4%. H. Native of Algiers 
Pin Tlemsan in the fissures of rocks. F. Africàna, Lam. dict. 
- P. 569. Leaves on long petioles, pinnate ; segments 5, cut 
or parted; lobes oblong. Flowers pale at the base and purple 
at the apex. 
Corymbose- flowered Fumitory. Fl. Ju, Jul. Pl. procumbent. 
. Secr. IT. Spuzrocarnos (cpatpa, sphaira, a sphere, karvoc, 
vpnos, fumitory ; round podded fumitory.) D. C. syst. 2. p. 131. 
ods globose (f, 42. m.) 
pedicel CAPREOLA'TA (Lin. spec. 985.) pods globose ; fructiferous 
fea: S recurved, longer than the bracteas; racemes oblong ; 
tendrilled nt climbing ; leaves bipinnate ; petioles somewhat 
the fi ed, ©.H. Native of western and southern Europe in 
l oures of rocks and among stones. D.C. icon. rar. 1. t. 
T mat. med. 1 t.1. f. 1. Herb procumbent or scan- 
wers whitish, tipped with dark-purple; spur com- 
Pressed, blunt, short, mitre- formed, ark-purple; spur co 
ing a B ? Burchéllii (D. C. syst. 2. p. 133.) peduncles spread- 
ma ctiferous pedicels double the length of the bracteas. 
a pro ii no. 1298, Burch, cat. geogr. pl. afri. austr. Perhaps 
y th "species. Native of Cape of Good Hope among bushes 
e sides of rivulets, particularly about the place called 
Oggeweld’s-Karo. 
Tendrilled Fumitory. Fl. May, Sept. Clt.? Pl. cl. 
climbing RTENSTER ni (Schlecht. Linnea, 1. p. 569.) stem weak, 
owen ; paves bipinnate, tendrilled ; segments lanceolate, cut ; 
onger hee 1; deflowered pedicels, capillary elongated, 6-timés 
Flowers a the bracteas. ©. H. Native of Cape of Good Hope. 
elongated esh-coloured. Racemes short, crowded, at length 
hae Fumaria micrantha, Licht. mss. Pods not known. 
. fenstein’s Fumitory. Pl. cl. 
, ME DIA (Lois. not. p. 101.) pods globose, rather de- 
kids fructiferous pedicels erect, Fouble the length of the 
Yord. > racemes loose; stems erect; leaves supra-decom- 
` petioles somewhat tendrilled. ©. H. Native through- 
out Europe ; . , 
ea eae od fields. - In England sparingly -at 
dent. 
2. p. 124.) pods ovate, compressed, pointed, dotted; ra- ` 
145 
Edmonton, and a few other places near London ; more plentifully 
about Barnstaple, and elsewhere in Devonshire; about Battersea 
in fields and garden grounds; in Sussex ; very abundant about 
Liverpool ; in Canada near Quebec and in Newfoundland. F. ca- 
preolata, Lightf. fl. scot. 380. Smith, engl. bot. t. 943. F. 
agrària, Lag. cat. hort. madr. 1815. p. 21. This plant is most 
like F. officinalis, but the leaves are less glaucous and their ten- 
drils twisting round other plants. Flowers pale, with the tip of 
each petal deep red. 
Var. B, prehensibilis (Kit. ined. hort. pesth. 1812. p. 10.) 
leaves thickish, almost succulent, shorter than those of the spe- 
cies. Perhaps a proper species. ©.H. Native of Hungary. 
Intermediate Fumitory. Fl. Ju. Sep. England. Pl. 3 or 4 ft. 
7 F. orricina'uis (Lin. spec. 984.) pods globose, retuse ; 
fructiferous pedicels erect, double the length of the bracteas ; 
racemes rather loose ; stem diffuse ; leaves supra-decompound ; 
lobes linear. ©. H. Native in corn-fields and cultivated land 
throughout the world; plentiful in Britain. Smith, eng. bot. 
t.589. Mill. icon. 1. t. 136. f. 2. Blackw. herb. t. 237. FI. 
dan. t. 940. Curt. fl. lond. 2. t. 52. Woodv. med. bot. 241. 
t. 88. Sav. mat. med. p.14. t. 1. f. 2. Mart. fl. rus. t. 68. F. 
pulchélla, Sal. prod. 377. Flowers pale red, deep red at the 
summit. The leaves are succulent, saline, and bitter. The ex- 
pressed juice, in doses of 2 ounces, taken twice a-day in whey, 
is useful in hypochondriacal, scorbutic, and cachetic habits. It 
corrects acidity and strengthens the stomach; Hoffman prefers 
it to all other medicines as a sweetener of the blood.: There is 
no doubt of its utility in obstructions of the viscera, and the 
diseases arising from them. The celebrated Boerhaave frequently 
prescribed it in black jaundice and bilious colics. An infusion 
of the leaves was used as a cosmetic to remove freckles and 
clear the skin, and Dr. Cullen has experienced its good effects in 
many cutaneous disorders. The same physician thought it useful 
as a tonic wherever bitter medicines are advisable. 
Var. B, grandiflora (D. C. syst. 2. p. 185.) flowers larger and 
pale purple. ©. H. Native of Cape of Good Hope. F. offici- 
nalis, Burm. prod. fl. cap. p. 20. 
Ofcinal Fumitory. Fl. May, Aug. Britain. Pl. 3 foot. 
8 F. parvirto'ra (Smith, engl. bot. t. 590.) pods globose, 
somewhat mucronated ; fructiferous, pedicels erect, longer than 
the bracteas ; racemes loose; stems diffuse ; leaves supra-de- 
compound; lobes linear, channelled. ©. H. Native of the 
south of Europe, as well as in England in cultivated fields about 
Woldham near Rochester and near Epsom. Itis also a common 
weed throughout the East Indies. Smith, engl. bot. t. 590. F. 
spicata 6, Lin. syst. veg. ed. 13. p. 470. F. tenuifolia, Sym. 
syn. p. 200. F. Sícula, Pisan. cat. hort. panorm. 1816. Very 
like F. officinalis but smaller in all its parts. Flowers pale red. 
In the East Indies this is a very common weed, it is called in the 
Bengalee Bun-sulpha, in Hindostanee Sulpha-saug. . It possesses 
a bitterish taste. Dr. Whitlaw Ainslie speaks of it in his Materia 
Medica of Hindostan, p. 16. under the name of F. officinalis, 
being in use among the Mahomedans as a diuretic, and is em- 
ployed in maniacal cases, and as a diobstruent. He says it is 
called Pitpatra in Hindostanee, Shoutra in Persia, Dukhanee 
and Bucklututmelic in Arabic. 
Small-flowered Fumitory. Fl. Aug. Sept. Engl. Pl. 4 ft. 
9 F. revca’ntHa (Viv. fl. cors. app. in Schlecht. Linnea, vol. 
1. p. 502.) pods globose, wrinkled, 1-seeded ; flowers in racemose 
spikes ; leaves supra-decompound, finely dissected into linear 
furrowed lobes. ©. H. Native of Corsica and other parts of 
the south of Europe. F. parviflora, Lam. dict. 11. p. 567. but 
not of Smith. Fumaria foliis tenuissimis, flore albo., Tourn. 
inst. 422. Flowers white. 
White-flowered Fumitory. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt.? Pl. 4 ft. 
10 F. Vartta’ntu (Lois. not. p. 102.) pods globose, hardly mu- 
= U 
