156 
butic. It acts as a gentle stimulant and diuretic ; for these purposes 
the expressed juice, which contains the peculiar taste and pungency 
of the herb, may be taken in doses of an ounce or two, and con- 
tinued for a considerable time (Dunc. ed. disp. 474.). The juice 
was formerly used with that of Scurvy-grass and Seville-oranges 
to form a popular remedy under the name of spring juices. The 
water-cress has been cultivated in the neighbourhood of London, 
to a considerable extent since 1808, as a salad. A running 
stream of clear water is essential to its cultivation ; in the bed of 
this stream the plants are inserted in rows, in the direction of the 
current, and all that is necessary is to take up and re-plant occa- 
sionally, and to keep the plants free of mud and weeds, or any 
accumulation of extraneous matter. They will not grow so freely 
in a muddy bottom as amongst sand and gravel, neither will their 
flavour be so good. Some cultivate them in water beds, but 
they never prosper so well nor is their flavour so good as when 
cultivated in natural streams. The Spring or Autumn is the best 
time for transplanting the water-cress. Some market gardeners, 
who can command a small stream of water, grow the water-cress 
in beds sunk about two feet in a retentive soil, with a very gentle 
slope from one end to the other. Along the bottom of this bed, 
which may be of any convenient length and breadth, chalk or 
gravel is deposited, and the plants are inserted, about six inches 
apart every way. Then according to the slope and length of the 
bed, dams are made six inches high across it, at intervals; so 
that when these dams are full, the water may rise not less than 
three inches on all the plants included in each. The water being 
turned on will circulate from dam to dam, and the plants, if not 
allowed to run to flower, will afford abundance of young tops in 
all but the winter months. A stream of water not larger than 
what will fill a pipe of an inch bore, will suffice to irrigate in this 
way the eighth of an acre. As some of the plants are apt to rot 
off in the winter, the plantation should be laid dry two or three 
times a year, and all weeds and decayed parts removed, and va- 
cancies filled up. Water-cress grown in this way is, however, 
far inferior to that grown in natural streams. 
Officinal or Common Water-cress. Fl. Jun. July. Britain. 
P]. 1 to 2 feet. 
Sect. II. Bracny’Losos (Bpaxue, brachys, short, NoBoc, lobos, 
a pod; pods short), D.C. syst. 2. p. 190. prod. 1. p. 157. 
Petals yellow. Siliques somewhat cylindrical or elliptical. Glands 
of the receptacle small. 
2 N. sytve’stre (R. Br. in hort. kew, ed. 2. vol. 4. p. 110.) 
leaves pinnate; leaflets lanceolate, serrated, or cut. %. H. 
Native of moist pastures and along the sides of rivers and ri- 
vulets throughout Europe, North of Asia, Persia and Tauria, 
China, New Holland, and also in North America by the river 
Delaware, where it has probably been introduced ; plentiful in 
Britain in gravelly wet meadows about the margins of rivers and 
ditches. Sisymbrium sylvéstre, Lin. spec. 916. Smith, engl. 
bot. t. 2324. Curt. fl. lond. fasc. 3. t. 41.  Sisymbrium 
vulgare, Pers. ench. 2. p. 196. Root creeping extensively. 
Petals golden, longer than the calyx. 
Wild Nasturtium or Water Rocket. 
Pl. 1 foot. 
3 N. patu’stre (D. C. syst. 2. p. 191.) leaves pinnatifid, 
auricles stem-clasping, ciliated, with the lobes confluent, toothed, 
smooth; root fusiform ; petals equal in length with the calyx ; pods 
blunt at both ends, rather turgid. ©. H. Native throughout 
Europe, Persia, China, Java, and North America, about the banks 
of rivers, ponds, and ditches, and in damp but not very watery 
meadows; frequent in Britain. Sisymbrium palustre, Leys. fl. 
hal. no. 679. Schkuhr. handb. 2. t. 187. Sisymbrium terréstre, 
With. brit. 582. Curt. fi. lond. 5. t.49. Smith, engl. bot. 1747. 
Stok. mat. med. 3. p. 447. Sisymbrium amphibium a, Huds. 
Britain. Fl. June, Sept. 
CRUCIFERZ. 
III. Nasturtium. 
298. B. Lin. fl. suec. ed. 2. p. 232. Sisymbrium Islandicum, Oed. 
fl. dan. t. 490. Myagrum palistre, Lam. dict. 1. p. 572. 
Flowers small, yellow. 
Var. B, pusillum, (D.C. syst. 2. p. 192.) ©.H. Native of 
South of France. Myagrum pusillum, Lam. dict. 1. p. 572. Vill. 
dauph. 3. p. 841. t. 39. Plant small. Leaves divided into more 
linear lobes than the species. 
Var. y, barbareef dlium (D.C. syst. 1. c.) ©. H.  Brachy- 
lobos barbareæfòlius, Desv. journ. bot. 1814. vol. 3. p. 170. 
Sisymbrium barbareefdlium, Del. fl. æg. ill. p.19. Native of 
Egypt about Rosetta. Plant larger in all its parts than the spe- 
cies, and the leaves are more profoundly pinnatifid. 
Var. ò? tanacetifolium (D.C. syst. l. c.) ©. H. Sisym- 
brium tanacetifolium, Walt. fl. carol. ex Bose. Plant dwarfer ; 
leaves profoundly cut; lobes pinnatifid; siliques longer than 
those of the species. 
Var. £? brévipes (D.C. syst. 1. c.) differing from the species 
in the pedicels being very short, fructiferous ones hardly a line 
long and with the stigma nearly sessile. ©.H. Native of 
Porto-Ricco. Perhaps a distinct species. 
Var. ¢, Blimei; auricles wanting. Native of Java. 
Marsh Nasturtium or Small jagged Water Radish. FI]. June, 
Sept. Britain. Pl. 1 foot. 
4 N. Porroricr’nsE (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 882.) leaves inter- 
ruptedly pinnate, smooth; segments oblong, obtuse, repand- 
crenate ; petals smaller than the calyx; siliques rather cylin- 
drically-linear, crowned by the almost sessile stigma. 2. F. 
Native of Porto Ricco and St. Domingo. 
Portorico Nasturtium. PI. 1 foot. 
5 N. anceps (D. C. prod. 1. p. 137.) leaves pinnatifid, very 
smooth ; auricles stem-clasping ; stems creeping ; petals larger 
than the calyx; pods pointed at both ends, two-edged. %. H. 
Native on the banks of rivers above the water, among sand, 
about Upsal. Sisymbrium anceps, Wahl. fl. ups. p. 223. Si- 
symbrium amphibium terréstre, Ehrh. beitr. 5. p. 22. Lin. spec. 
ed. 2. p.917. Fl. dan: 984. Flowers yellow. 
Two-edged-podded Nasturtium or Water Radish. Fl. June, 
July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 1 foot. 
6 N. micra’ntuum (D. C. prod. 1. p. 137.) pubescent ; leaves 
pinnate; leaflets opposite, deeply jagged, with the terminal 
leaflet roundish-ovate ; petals larger than the calyx; pods erect, 
linear-oblong, smooth. ©. Y%.? Native of the East Indies. 
Sisymbrium micranthum. Roth. nov. pl. spec. 324. Like N. 
palistre. Flowers small, yellow. 
Small-flowered Nasturtium or Water Radish. Fl. June, Aug. 
Pl. 1 foot. 
7 N. Mapseascariz’nse (D. C. syst. 2. p. 192.) leaves pin- 
nate ; leaflets stalked, pinnatifid ; lobes ovate, toothed, terminal 
one largest. ©.? S. Native of the eastern coast of Madagas- 
car. Flowers small, not sufficiently known. 
Madagascar Nasturtium or Water Radish. PI. 1 foot. 
8 N. Mexica'num (Moc. Sesse, and Cerv. fl. mex. icon. ined. 
and D. C. syst. 2. p. 193.) leaves pinnatifid, smooth; lobes 
oblong, sinuately-toothed, blunt ; petals equal in length with the 
calyx ; pods declinate, somewhat twisted, three times longer than 
the calyx. ©? 4%? H, Native of Mexico on the margins of 
rivulets. Perhaps sufficiently distinct from N. palustre. 
Mexican Nasturtium or Water Radish. PI. 1 foot. 
9 N. Boxarir’nse (D. C. syst. 2. p. 193.) leaves pinnate- 
parted ; lobes distant, linear, somewhat toothed, smooth ; pods 
nearly erect, terete-compressed, twice or thrice longer than the 
pedicels. ©. H. Native of Buenos-Ayres. Sisýmbrium Bo- 
nariénse, Poir. dict. 7. p. 205. Flowers yellow. Root per- 
pendicular. 
Buenos-Ayrean Nasturtium or Water Radish. P]. 3 foot. 
10 N. ceratorny’ttum (D. C. syst. 2. p. 193.) leaves linear, 
