CRUCIFERAE. LVII. SISYMBRIUM. 
‘Africa. Erysimum officinale, Lin. spec. 922. Fl. dan. t. 560. 
Curt. fl. lond. 5. t. 50. Woodv. med. bot. 4. p. 14. t. 244. 
Smith engl. bot. t. 725. Schkuhr. handb. 2. no. 1833. t. 183. 
Klùtia officinàlis, Andrz. cruc. ined. Flowers small, yellow. 
Pods erect and pressed to the stem. 
Var. P, leiocarpum (D. C. syst. 460.) pods smooth. Native 
of South Carolina and Teneriffe. Erysimum officinale, Pursh, 
fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 436. 
This plant is warm and acrid to the taste, and when cultivated 
is used as a spring pot-herb. Birds are fond of the seed. Sheep 
and goats eat the herb. Cows, horses, and swine refuse it. It 
is celebrated in medicine even to this day, and is used as a diuretic, 
and as an expectorant in asthma, chronical coughs, and hoarse- 
ness, and hence its name in France Herbe au chantre. Ronde- 
letius informs us that the last-mentioned complaint, occasioned 
by loud speaking, was cured by the juice of this plant in three 
days. Other testimonies of its good effects in this disorder are 
recorded by writers on the Materia Medica, of whom we may 
mention Dr. Cullen, who for this purpose recommends the juice 
to be mixed with an equal quantity of honey or sugar. In this 
way also it is said to be an useful remedy in ulcerations of the 
mouth and throat. The seeds being most pungent, should be 
preferred to its leaves. This, as well as some other cruciferous 
plants, are apt to come up among the ashes where charcoal has 
been made, or where there has been any considerable fire. In 
Germany the plant is called der Hederich, Wegesenf, Wildersenf, 
Jalcher Wassersenf, das Gelbe Eisenkraut, Kreuzkraut, &e. In 
Danish Vild senep, Veysenep. in Swedish Vaggkrassa. In 
France, Le velar, La Tortelle. In Italian Erisamo. In Spanish 
Saramago, hierba de san Alberto, Irion. In Russia Corczyca 
rolna, Pszonak ziele. 
Common Hedge Mustard or Officinal Sisymbrium. FI. May, 
July. Britain. Pl. 1 or 2 feet. 
2 S. corRNIcuULA tum (Cav. præl. no. 3. from Lag. in litt.) 
lower leaves sinuately-runcinate ; upper ones lanceolate, toothed ; 
pods compressed, subulate, somewhat pilose; pedicels thick, 
very short. ©.H. Native of Spain about Madrid at a place 
called La Real casa del Campo. Flowers small, yellow. Pods 
straight, erect, appressed to the axis. A very distinct species, 
but not sufficiently known, and perhaps will form a separate 
genus, 
Horned-podded Hedge-Mustard. Fi. June, July. Clt. 1818. 
Pl. 1 to 13 foot. 
Secr. II. Norra (meaning unknown). D.C. syst. 2. p. 461. 
prod. 1. p. 191, Silique round. Calyx spreading. Seeds ob- 
long. Flowers yellow. Racemes bractless. 
3 S. srrictr’ssimum (Lin. spec. 922.) leaves lanceolate, stalked, 
toothed, pubescent. ¥.H. Native throughout middle Europe, 
France, Italy, Germany, &c. &c. on mountains in rugged places. 
Jacq. vind. 122. fl. austr. t. 194. Flowers intensely yellow. 
Pods 2 inches long, straight, very smooth. Stems erect, 
branching at the top. 
Very-straight-podded Hedge-Mustard. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 
1658. Pl. 3 to 5 feet. 
4 S. su’nceum (Bieb. fl. taur. 2. p. 114.) leaves smooth, 
glaucous, lower ones stalked, runciately-pinnatifid, upper ones 
linear-lanceolate, entire. u. H. Native of dry meadows in 
Hungary, of salt meadows in Transylvania, Tauria. at the river 
olga about Zarizyn and the colony Sarepta; in the deserts of 
Siberia between Oby and Irtish, and between Barnaoul and 
Zmeof. Pods strictly erect, parallel with the axis. Flowers 
yellow. 
Var. a, Bréssica polymérpha (Murr. comm. goett. 1776. p. 
35. t.6.? Waldst. et Kit. hung. 1. p. 93. t.90.) 
Var. B, Cheirdnthus jinceus (Waldst. et Kit, hung. 3. p. 259. 
205 
t.234. Erysimum júnceum. Willd. spec. 3. p. 513. Sisým- 
brium júnceum, Bieb. 1. c.) - 
Rush-like Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, Jul. Clt. 1804. Pl. 1 foot. 
Sect. II. Psizo'srytum (from aoc, psilos, slender, and 
arvoc, stylos, a column or style; styles long and slender). 
D.C. syst. 2. p. 463. prod. 1.p. 191. Siliques round, terminated 
by the long slender style. Calyx closed. Seeds oblong. 
Flowers yellow. 
5 S. exacorpes (D. C, syst. 2. p. 463.) leaves oval-oblong, 
almost entire, smooth, glaucous ; racemes 1 or 4-flowered. ©. H. 
Native of Lebanon at a place called Zaale. Mathiola exacoìdes, 
Spreng. syst. 2. p. 899. Petals yellow, elliptical, small; claws 
of petals linear, longer than the calyx. Deless. icon. sel. 2. t. 
63. Perhaps a proper genus. Habit of plant referable to 
Exdcum pusillum. 
Laxacum-like Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, June. Pl. 1 to 2 in. 
Secr. IV. Irio (from epvw, eruo, to cure; see Erýsimum.) 
D. C. syst. 2. p. 463. prod. 1. p. 191. Siliques round. Seeds 
ovate, somewhat triquetrous. Flowers yellow. Pedicels bract- 
less. 
§. 1. Leaves toothed or entire. 
6 S. Hispa’nicum (Jacq. coll. 1. p. 69. icon. rar. 1. t. 124.) 
leaves lanceolate, toothed, sessile, smooth; stems branched, di- 
varicate; pods erect, roundish, smooth. &. H. Native of 
Spain, and perhaps of the south of France. Pods erect, ap- . 
pressed. A very smooth rather glaucous herb, with branches 
rising from the axillee of the leaves. 
Spanish Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, June, Clt. 1818. Pl. 13 ft. 
7 S. ringea‘re (D. C. syst. 2. p. 464.) leaves linear, entire, rather 
hispid; stem hispid ; pods smooth, very slender. Native of Siberia. 
Cheiranthus leptophyllus, Willd. herb. from Stev. obs. ined.— 
Gmel. sib. 3. p. 271. t. 62. Flowers small. Pods slender, 
smooth. Seeds small. Stems branched at the top. 
Linear-leaved Sisymbrium. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1820. Pl. 1 ft. 
8 S. pu'mitum (Steph. in. Willd. spec. 3. p. 507.) radical 
leaves sinuately-toothed, cauline ones sagittate, stem-clasping, 
toothed; pods rough from branched hairs. ©. H. Native of 
the north of Persia, in the plains adjacent to Caucasus, about 
Kitzjar, and about Astracan; also in Iberia. Flowers small. 
Plant very variable in height. 
Dwarf Hedge-Mustard. Fl. April, May. 
from 4 to 1} foot. 
9 S. Parras (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 901.) stem branched ; 
leaves all linear, quite entire, smooth, lower ones blunt, superior 
ones narrowed, acute; calyx pilose; siliques slender, erectly- 
spreading. ©.?H. Native of Siberia. S. tenuifolium, Pall. 
in Willd. herb. 
Pallas’s Hedge-Mustard. Pl. 1 foot. 
10 S. Kanixir (Mart. ex. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 901.) stem 
slender, ascending, naked above ; leaves oblong-linear, acute, ta- 
pering to the base, almost quite entire, hairy; racemiferous 
branches elongated ; calyx hispid ; petals linear ; siliques slender, 
elongated, smooth. ©.? H. Native of? 
Kahikir Hedge-Mustard. PI. 3 foot. 
11 S. arrayirens (Horn. ex. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 901.) stem 
diffusely branched; leaves oblong, toothletted, auricled at the 
base, smooth ; petioles dilated at the base and stem-clasping ; 
siliques somewhat arched, smooth. ©.? H. Native of China. 
Dark-green Hedge-Mustard. PI. 1 foot. 
12 S. nitiputum (Lag. ex. Spreng. syst. 2. p. 901.) stem 
ascending, rather simple, smooth, and leafless above ; leaves ob- 
long, deeply toothed, stalked; racemes loose; siliques on long 
stalks, smooth. ©.? H. Native of Spain. 
Glistering Hedge-Mustard. PI. 1 foot, 
Cit. 1818. Pl. 
