` CRUCIFER Æ. 
Tauria, Caucasus, and Transylvania, &c. This plant covered the 
ground in and about Moscow, after the great fire of 1812. (Goldb.) 
S. Sinàpios, Retz. obs. 3. p. 37. S. sinapístrum, Crantz. aust. p- 
52. S. altíssimum, Pall. ined. taur. Habl. taur. p. 158. from 
Bieb. S. tenuifòlium, Gener, scep. el. no. 615.? Flowers pale 
yellow, almost cream-coloured. Pods spreading. Stems soli- 
tary, sometimes beset with long hairs. 
- Hungarian Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, June. 
Pl. 2 feet. 
22 S. sepruta‘tum (D. C. syst. 2. p. 471.) leaves smooth, 
pinnate-parted ; lobes linear, somewhat toothed in front, acute ; 
pods somewhat spreading ; dissepiment bearing impressed seeds 
in the cells. Native of Syria, about Aleppo. Perhaps a proper 
genus, allied to Moréttia. Stem whitish. 
Septulate Hedge-Mustard. PI. 1 to 2 feet. 
23 S. CARTILAGÍNEUM (Pall. herb. from Fisch. in litt.) leaves 
scabrous, pinnate-parted; lobes linear, entire or somewhat 
toothed, thickish ; upper leaves undivided. %.? 4.? H. Na- 
tive on cretaceous mountains in Tauria and Iberia. Pods elon- 
gate, narrowed at the base. Perhaps a species of Diplotdxis or 
Stanléya. Stem erect, smooth, nearly simple. 
Cartilaginous-leaved Hedge-Mustard. Fl.? PI. 1 foot. 
24 S. tyra'tum (Burm. fl. cap. 17.) lower leaves pilose, ly- 
rately-runcinate, lobes toothed; upper leaves oblong, smooth, 
toothed ; pods somewhat spreading, smooth. X4. G. Native 
of the Cape of Good Hope. S. sylvéstre, Burm. herb. Seeds 
ovate, compressed, small, rufous. Deless. icon. sel. 2. t. 64. 
Lyrate-leaved Hedge-Mustard. PI. 14 foot. 
25 S. Burcue’txiu (D. C. syst. 2. p. 472.) leaves pinnate, pi- 
lose ; lobes oblong, bluntly sinuate-angular ; pods spreading, sca- 
brous ; pedicels short, thick ; stem hispid with spreading hairs. 
©.H. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, beyond the colonial 
territory, near the rivulet called Sack-river. Sisymbrium, no. 
1496, Burch. cat. geogr. pl. afr. austr. Pods nearly the same as 
those of S. asperum. Stems sparingly branched. 
Burchell’s Hedge-Mustard. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
_26 S. Garierrnum (Burch. in D. C. syst. 2. p. 472.) leaves 
pinnate-parted ; lobes toothed, acutish, scabrous with branched 
hairs ; pods scabrous, erectish; stems covered with appressed 
down. ©.H. Native of the Cape beyond the Orange river, in 
open places, var. B, in groves, at the fountain called Kosi. Pods 
round, scabrous from small starry hairs. Stem branched. 
Var. a, apricum; Burch. cat. geogr. no. 2080. 
Var. B, nemordsum ; Burch. 1. c. no. 2558. 
Gariep Hedge-Mustard. PI. 14 foot. 
27 S. a’sperum (Lin. spec. 920.) leaves smooth, pinnate- 
parted, with oblong, blunt, toothed, lobes; pedicels very short ; 
pods scabrous, pointed with the short style. &.H. Native of 
the south of France, Dauphiny, &c. Spain, Portugal at the Ta- 
gus, in humid sandy or gravelly places.—J. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 
858. f. 3. Chabr. sciagr. 275. f. 2. Stems many, from the same 
root. 
Rough Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, Aug. Clt.1778. Pl.4to ft. 
§ 3. Sophie. Cauline leaves bipinnate, with cut pinnatifid or 
multifid lobes. Flowers small, yellow. 
28 S. Sopnr'a (Lin. spec. 922.) leaves bipinnate ; lobes cut, 
oblong-linear ; pedicels 4-times longer than the calyx ; petals 
smaller than the calyx. ©.H. Native among rubbish, dry 
banks, waste ground, and dung-hills, very frequent in Britain 
and many other parts of Europe, from Portugal to Ingria, and 
from England to the Morea, also of Eschscholz Bay on the west- 
Coast of America. Smith, engl. bot. t. 963. Mart. fl. rust. t. 
57. S. parviflorum, Lam. fl. fr. 2. p. 519. Sophia Chirurgio- 
rum, Lob. icon. 738. f. 1. Blackw. herb. t. 440. et seriphium 
Weinm. phyton. t. 941. f. a. “ The wisdom of surgeons,” or 
Clt. 1787. 
` smaller. 
millefélia, Jacq. icon. rar. t. 27. 
LVII. Sisymprivm. ` . 207 
Flix-weed, is so named, from the quality attributed to it of 
curing immoderate laxity of the bowels. According to Linnæus 
sheep and kine eat the plants, horses and goats are not fond of 
it, and swine refuse it. The force of gun-powder is said to be 
augmented by mixing a tenth part of the seeds with the other in- 
gredients. The plant formerly was prescribed in dysenteries 
and hysterical cases, and the seed was given to destroy worms, 
but none of these virtues and qualities have been well ascer- 
tained. Flowers small, greenish-yellow, somewhat corymbose. 
Pods erect, linear, smooth. A large branching downy plant. 
Fine-leaved Hedge Mustard or Flix-weed. Fl. July, Aug. 
Britain. Pl. 2 or 4 feet. 
29 S. Pe’rsicum (Spreng. nov. prov. p. 39. no. 88.) leaves bi- 
pinnate; lobules linear ; pedicels twice the length of the calyx ; 
petals a little longer than the calyx. ©.H. Native of Persia. 
Flowers very small. Pods almost parallel with the axis. A 
slender branched plant, very like S. Sophia. Stems pubescent 
with minute 3-parted hairs. Leaves smoothish. . 
Persian Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 
1819. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
30 S. caxnr'sceEns (Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 68.) leaves bipin- 
nate, canescent ; lobules blunt, toothed ; petals equal in length 
with the calyx; pods clavate, shorter than the pedicels. ©. H. 
Native of North America, from Virginia to Georgia. S. Sophia, 
Pursh. fl. amer. sept. 2. p. 440? Very like S. Sophia, but much 
Petals obovate, pale yellow. 
Grey Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 
1827. Pl. 1 to 15 foot. , l 
31 S. sracuyca’rpum (Richards. in Frankl. narr. journ. p. 
744.) leaves bipinnate; lobes blunt, entire or sparingly cut; 
petals larger than the calyx; pods linear, somewhat 4-sided, 
shorter than the pedicels. ©.H. Native of the Arctic region 
between 54° and 64° degrees of north latitude. Very like S. 
Sophia, but the pods are one-half shorter than in that species. 
Short-podded Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Fl. June, July. 
Clt.1827. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. a 
32 S. TRIPINNA TUM (D. C. syst. 2. p. 475.) leaves tripinnate, 
velvety with starry down; lobules oblong-linear, somewhat 
toothed; pods slender, elongated, smooth. ©. H. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope in dry places at the river Gaurits. Sinà- 
pis? tripinnàta, Burch. cat. geogr. afr. aust. no. 1640. trav. 1. 
p. 318. An intermediate species between S. Sophia and S. 
millefòlium. 
Tripinnate-leaved Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Pl. 2 feet. 
33 S. MILLEFO LIUM (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 391.) 
leaves somewhat tripinnate, hoary; lobules blunt, small ; stem 
suffruticose ; petals larger than the calyx. h. G. Native of 
Teneriffe on rocks in the lower parts of the island. Sinapis 
Flowers crowded-corymbous. 
A small branched shrub. 
Millefoil-leaved Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Fl. May, Sept. 
Shrub 1 to 14 foot. 
34 S. TANACETIFO LIUM (Lin. spec. 916.) leaves pinnate ; 
segments lanceolate, deeply-serrated, outer ones confluent; pe- 
tals larger than the calyx ; pods shorter than the pedicels. y. 
H. Native of exposed cold situations in Piedmont, Switzerland, 
Savoy, Dauphiny, Provence, and the Pyrenees. Erysimum 
tanacetifòlium, Clairv. herb. val. 219.—Zann. hist. 86. t. 33.— 
Mor. hist. 2. p. 231. sect. 3. t. 6. f. 19. Stems erect, simple, 
corymbose at the top. Leaves crowded, soft, with short starry 
down. Seeds small. 
Tansy-leaved Flix-weed or Hedge-Mustard. Fl. June, July. 
Clt. 1731. Pl. 1 foot. 
35 S. mULTI'FIDUM (Willd. herb. ex Spreng. syst. 2. p. 904.) 
stem erect, smooth ; lower leaves hairy, pinnate ; leaflets lanceo- 
late-linear, toothed, lower ones reflexed ; leaflets of the upper 
