250 
stem and leaves smooth, ©. H. Native of the island of Ti- 
mor. Deless. icon. sel. 2. t. 88. This plant is very like S. 
arvénsis, but the whole herb is smooth, not hispid. 
Timor Mustard. Fl. June, July. Pl. 14 foot. 
21 S. Tav’rica (Fisch. cat. hort. gor. 1812. p. 51.) pods 
smooth, tetragonal, with 3-nerved valves, twice the length of 
the 2-edged conical beak. ©. H. Native of the south of 
Tauria on dry mountains. Herb branched, diffuse. Leaves ob- 
long, smooth, toothed; lower ones deeply lobed. 
Taurian Mustard. Fl. June, July. Clt.1818. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
22 S. SUB-BIPINNATIFIDA (Lag. cat. hort. madr. 1816, p. 20.) 
pods smooth, somewhat tetragonal, 6 times longer than the some- 
what conical beak; leaves pinnate-parted, with unequal lobes, 
larger ones oblong and deeply-cut. ©.H. Native of Spain, 
particularly in the mountains of Leon. Stem beset with bent- 
back hairs at the base. This species ought to form a distinct 
section. Beak of pod long, usually with one seed at its base. 
Sub-bipinnatifid-leaved Mustard. FI. June, July. Clt. 1820. 
Pl. 1 to 2 feet. j 
23 S. Kaser (D. C. hort. monsp. 1808. syst. 2. p. 617.) 
pods smooth, terete, double the length of the conical beak, with 
smooth valves. ©.H. Native of Persia. Stem erect, simple, 
more or less pubescent. Leaves smooth, oblong, cut, with the 
incisures deeply and regularly serrated. Kaber is probably the 
Persian name of the plant. 
Kaber or Persian Mustard. Fl. Ju. July. Clt.? Pl. 1 foot. 
24 S. ALriòni (Jacq. vind. 2. t. 168.) pods smooth, ovate- 
oblong, scarcely longer than the conical beak, with even valves. 
©. H. Native of Egypt, very common in flax-fields. Delil. 
fl. egyp. p. 102. t. 35. f. 1. Raphanus erucoides, Lin. fil. suppl. 
299. Leaves smooth, pinnatifid, or cut down to the mid-rib ; 
lobes entire or toothed. This plant differs from S. térgida in 
the pods being even, not nerved, and from S. Kaber in the valves 
of the pod being one-half shorter, and from both in the ‘pedi- 
cels being longer, and in the style being more slender. 
Allioni’s Mustard. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1789. Pl. 2 feet. 
25 S. tu’rarwa (Delile, ill. fl. egypt. no. 606.) pods smooth, 
ovate, with reticulately-nerved valves; the pods about equal in 
. length to the conical beak. ©.H. Native of Egypt. Rá- 
phanus tirgidus, Pers. ench. 2. p. 209. Leaves pinnatifid, not 
truly pinnate-parted. This plant is usually confused with S. 
Alhonu in gardens, but differs in the pedicels not being longer 
than the calyx, as well as in the valves of pod being nerved. 
Turgid Mustard. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1819. Pl. 2 feet. 
Sect. II. Hirscure’tpra (Hirschfeld, evidently the name of 
some botanist.) D. C. syst. 2. p. 618. prod. 1. p. 220. Siliques 
terete, 2-celled ; cells usually 4-seeded, crowned by an ovate, 1- 
seeded, indehiscent beak. 
26 S. nca'na (Lin. ameen. 4, p. 281. spec. 934.) pods smooth, 
appressed to the rachis, somewhat torulose; stem branched, 
scabrous below; leaves lyrate, scabrous. ¢. H. Native of 
the south of Europe. Jacq. vind. t. 169. Myagrum Hispéni- 
cum, Lin. spec. 893. Hirschféldia adpréssa, Moench. meth. 264. 
Cakile Hispánica, Lher. diss. cak. ined. p. 7. Cordylocarpus 
pubéscens, Smith, prod. fl. graec. 2. p. 33. 
Hoary Mustard. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1771. Pl. 1 to 3 feet. 
27 S. Panormita'na (Spreng. syst. append. 8. p. 244.) pods 
smooth, torose, appressed, longer than the beak ; stem branch- 
ed, hispid at the base; leaves stalked, lanceolate, toothletted, 
scabrous. ©. H. Native of Sicily near Palermo. Hirsch- 
feldia integrifdlia, Presl. ex Spreng. 1l. c. 
Palermo Mustard. Fl. June, July. Pl, 2 feet. 
28 S. HETEROPHY'LLA (Lag. cat. hort. madr. 1816.) pods 
pubescent, appressed to the rachis, somewhat torose; stem 
branched, hispid at the base; leaves lyrately-pinnatifid, hispid 
CRUCIFERÆ. LXXXIV. Sinaris. 
on the nerves. &. H. Native of Spain among rubbish about 
Madrid. Hirschféldia infléxa, Presl. ex Spreng. 
Variable-leaved Mustard. Fl.'Ju. July. Clt. 1822. Pl. 14 ft. 
Sect. IV. Leucosina‘pis (from Aevkoc, leucos, white, and civa- 
at, sinapi, mustard, that is to say, White Mustard.) D. C. syst. 
2. p. 619. prod. 1. p. 220. Siliques hispid or smooth, crowned 
by an ensiform beak, with the valves rather torulose. This 
section ought probably to be joined with Eruca, or perhaps 
rather to form a distinct genus both from Erica and Sindpis. 
29 S. a'tBa (Lin. spec. 933.) pods hispid, spreading, rather 
narrower than the ensiform beak ; leaves lyrate, and are, as well 
as the stem, smoothish. ©. H. Native of the south of Europe, 
viz. Spain, Portugal, Sicily, Switzerland, south of Germany, 
Transylvania and Greece. In Britain in cultivated as well as 
waste ground, and by road-sides. Mart. rust. t. 70. Curt. lond. 
5. t.46. Smith engl. bot. 1677. Schkuhr. hand. 2. t. 186. Bo- 
nannia officinalis, Presl. ex Spreng. Seeds large, pale. It is called 
in French, Moutarde blanche, Navette d'été, or Graine de Beurre. 
There is an esculent oil obtained from the seeds of this plant. 
White Mustard. Senévé (Fr.). Senf(Germ.). Senapa (Ital.) It 
is cultivated chiefly as a small salad, and is used like cresses, while 
in the seed-leaf; when these are newly expanded they are mild 
and tender; but when the plants have advanced into the rough 
leaves, they eat rank and disagreeable. The seeds are yellow, 
and are, as well as the flower, much larger than those of Simapis 
nigra. The seeds have an acrid bitterish taste, and a pungent 
smell when reduced to powder; they impart their taste and smell 
to water, whilst rectified spirits extracts extremely little of either ; 
the whole of the pungency arises with water in distillation. 
Committed to the press they yield a considerable quantity of 
bland insipid oil, perfectly void of acrimony ; the cake left after 
the expression is more pungent than the mustard itself. 
White-mustard seed is swallowed entire to the quantity of a 
table-spoonful or more, to stimulate the stomach in some cases 
of dyspepsia, and to excite the peristaltic motion of the intes- 
tines, especially when they are torpid, as in paralysis. The 
powder of the Black and White Mustard made into a paste, with 
water, is commonly used as a condiment with animal food ; infused 
with water it proves emetic, when taken in considerable doses, and 
in smaller ones acts as a diuretic and aperient ; but is more, fre- 
quently applied externally, as a topical stimulus, made into 4 
paste, or sinapism, with vinegar and bread-crumb, which may 
be made stronger by adding a little scraped Horse-radish root. 
Culture. For spring or summer consumption of the young 
plants, sow once a week or fortnight, in dry warm situations, In 
February and March; and afterwards in any other compart 
ment. ‘In summer sow in shady borders, if it be hot sunny 
weather, or have the bed shaded. Generally sow in shallow, flat 
drills, from three to six inches apart. Scatter the seed thick and 
regular, and cover it thinly with earth, about a quarter of an 
inch. To furnish gatherings in winter, or early in spring; sow 
in frames, or under hand-glasses ; and when the weather 1$ 
frosty, or very cold, in hot-beds and stoves, as directed for Cress: 
For the sake of seed either sow a portion in March or April to 
stand for that purpose ; or, for small supplies, leave some rows 
of the spring sowing, grown too large for salads ; they will ripen 
seed in autumn. In Kent, White Mustard is cultivated for the 
use of the seedsmen in London. In the tillage, the ploughed 
land is harrowed over, and then furrows are stricken about 
eleven or twelve inches apart, sowing the seeds in the proportion 
of about two or three gallons per acre, in March. The crop ® 
afterwards hoed, and kept free from weeds. 
White Mustard. Fl.`June, July. Britain. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
30 S. miseva (Schousb. moroc. p. 182. t. 4.) pods hispid, 
