270 
in the open border, and the plants afterwards treated as other 
hardy annuals. 
Orpver XV, CAPPARI’DEZ (plants agreeing with Cap- 
paris in many important characters.) Juss. gen. 242. ann. mus. 
18. p. 474. D. C. prod. 1. p. 237. 
Parts of flower usually imbricate in the bud. Sepals 4 (f. 52. 
a.f. 53. a.), seldom more, sometimes almost free, equal or un- 
equal, sometimes connected at the base into a tube (f. 54. a.) with 
a variable limb. Petals 4 (f. 52. b. f. 53. f.), seldom more, cru- 
ciate, usually unguiculated (f. 52. b.) and unequal. Stamens 
almost perigynous, inserted at the bottom of the calyx (f. 52. c. 
f. 53. d.), rarely tetradynamous, usually disposed in a quater- 
nary order, definite (f. 54. d.) or indefinite (f. 53. e. f. 52. ¢.). 
Torus hemispherical or elongated (f. 52. d. f. 54. c.), usually 
bearing glands. Stipe of ovary slender (f. 52. d. f. 54. e.), rising 
from the torus; the ovary is therefore stipitate (f. 52. f. f. 54. e.). 
Ovary composed of 2 or more closely-joined carpels. Style none 
(£. 53. c. f. 54. e.) or filiform. Fruit variable, siliquose (f. 54. e.). 
or baccate (f. 52. f.), 1-celled, but rarely 1-seeded, usually with 
2 or more many-seeded placentas, in the dehiscent fruit these are 
intervalvular. Seeds usually kidney-shaped without albumen. 
Embryo incurved. Cotyledons leafy, flat, somewhat incum- 
bent. Herbs, shrubs, or trees, either with or without stipulas, 
but when they are present they are in the form of spines. The 
leaves are alternate, simple, or palmately compound. The dis- 
position of the flowers is variable. This order differs from 
Crucifere in the receptacle being hemispherical or elongated, as 
well as in the fruit being destitute of a dissepiment, and the seeds 
being without an umbilical cord, and in the very different dis- 
position of the stamens. It differs from Flacourtianee in the 
seeds never being inwrapped in a pulpy pellicle. 
The plants contained in this order partake of the properties of 
Crucifere. The different kinds of Capers are reputed to be 
stimulating, antiscorbutic and aperient. The bark of the root of 
the common Caper passes for a diuretic medicine. Several 
species of the Cledmee@ have an acrid taste, which has been com- 
pared to that of mustard. The root of Polanisia gravéolens is 
employed as a vermifuge in the United States, and the leaves of 
P. dodecéndra produce an inflammation on the skin, whence 
they are used in Cochin-china as a sinapism. Most of the 
plants contained in this order have beautiful flowers. 
The seeds of those plants belonging to tribe Cledmee are 
easily introduced, in a living state, from any part of the world : 
but the seeds of those belonging to tribe Capparee soon become 
rancid, therefore they are truly difficult to introduce in a vege- 
tative state, and on that account very few of this tribe are to be 
seen in the gardens. 
Synopsis of the Genera. 
True I. 
CLEO mE®. Fruit truly capsular, with membranous dehiscent 
valves, Herbs or sub-shrubs with compound leaves, usually 
clothed with glandular down. 
1 CLEOME'LLA. Calyx of 4-spreading sepals. Petals 4. Re- 
ceptacle ovate-globose. Stamens 6, free. Silicle stipitate within 
the calyx, shorter than broad. 
CAPPARIDE. 
2 Perrtoma. Calyx cut round about at the base, 4-toothed 
at the apex. Petals 4. Receptacle small. Stamens 6, mona- 
delphous at the base. Silique stipitate. 
3 Gynanpro’psis. Calyx of 4-spreading sepals. Petals 4. 
Receptacle elongated. Stamens 6, monadelphous around the 
torus, and free at the top. Silique stipitate. 
4 Creo`me. Calyx of 4-spreading, nearly equal sepals. Pe- 
tals 4. Receptacle somewhat hemispherical. Stamens 6, rarely 
4, free. Silique stipitate or sessile. 
5 Poxanr'sia. Calyx of 4-spreading sepals. Petals 4. Sta- 
mens 8-32, free. Receptacle small. Silique sessile or on a short 
stipe, terminated by a distinct style. ` 
6 Puysoste‘mon. Calyx of 4 sepals. 
6-8, unequal, free, inflated under the anthers. 
ginate. Silique sessile. 
7 Coryna’npra. Calyx of 4 sepals. Petals 4. 
numerous ; filaments clavated, and coloured at the top; anthers 
curved. Silique sessile, 2-valved. 
Petals 4. Stamens 
Receptacle mar- 
Stamens 
Trise II. 
Carpa‘re&. Fruit rather fleshy, indehiscent (f. 52. f.) 
Shrubs and trees, rarely herbs, with simple or ternate leaves. 
8 Craræ'va. Sepals 4. Petals 4, larger than the calyx. 
Stamens 8-28. Torus elongated or hemispherical. Berry sti- 
pitate, ovate-globose, pulpy inside. 
9 Rırcme a. Calyx of 4 sepals, valvate in the bud. Pe- 
tals 4, much longer than the calyx. Stamens 10-20, incurved. 
Torus elevated, glanduliferous. Berry stipitate, globose, crown- 
ed by a sessile stigma. 
10 Niesu'nria. Sepals 4, valvate inthe bud. Petals want- 
ing, or shorter than the calyx. Torus cylindrical, very short. 
Stamens indefinite. Berry stipitate, ovate or cylindrical. 
11 Boscta. Sepals 4. Petals none. Stamens 12-20, in- 
serted in the short torus. Berry stipitate, globose, 1-seeded. 
12 Ca’pasa. Sepals 4. Petals 4 or wanting. Nectary strap- 
formed, emanating from the base of the sub-cylindrical torus. 
Stamens 4-5, monadelphous at the base. Berry stipitate, cylin- 
drical. 
13 Scuerre‘r1a. Sepals 4, spreading. Petals 4. Torus 
elongated. Stamens 8, monadelphous around the torus, but 
free at the top. Nectary concave at the base of the torus. 
Silique fleshy, stipitate. 
14 Sopa'sa. Sepals 4, the superior one is large and con- 
cave. Petals 4. Stamens 82 Torus small. Ovary ovate; 4- 
furrowed, on a long stipe. 
15 Ca’pparis. Calyx 4-parted (f. 52. a.). Petals 4 (£. 52. 
b.). ‘Torus small (f. 52. e.). Stamens numerous (£. 52. c.) 
Silique somewhat baccate, stipitate (f. 52. f.). Stipe long and 
slender (f. 52. d.). 
16 Srepna‘nia. Calyx campanulate, 2-lobed (f. 54. a.). 
Petals 4 (f. 54. b.). Torus small (£. 54. c.). Stamens G (f£. 54 
d.). Ovary oblong, stipitate (f. 54. e.). 
17 Mortsénia. Calyx obovate, bifid. Petals 4. Torus small. 
Stamens 20, somewhat monadelphous at the base. Berry glo- 
bose, stipitate. 
18 Tova‘ria. Calyx usually of 8 sepals, with an equal num- 
