322 
ginated ; root divided, rather woody; leaves pinnately many- 
parted ; partitions many-lobed ; sepals ovate; 2 lateral petals 
bearded ; seeds turbinate, foveolate at the base, reddish. %.H. 
Flowers pale blue, with darker veins. This species is smaller 
than V. pedata; leaves generally as deeply divided into about 
5 ségments, which are either 3-cleft or pinnatifid, as well as 
jagged, and very narrow. 
Var. a, Sibirica, (D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) leaves pinnate- 
parted; partitions pinnatifid, densely ciliated; capsules more 
acute, and the seeds are smaller than in Var. B. Native of 
Siberia. Gmel. sib. 4. p. 101. t. 48. f. 4. 
Var. D, Europea (D. C. prod. l. c.) leaves pinnatifid ; fissures 
many-lobed, remotely ciliated; capsules obtuse; seeds large. 
Native of the mountains of Switzerland and Savoy. All. mis- 
cell. taur. 3. p. 181. t. 5. f. 2. Hall, hist. no. 561. 
Pinnate-leaved Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1752. Pl. 3 ft. 
17 V. pisse’cta (Led. fl. alt. 1. p. 255. icon. pl. fl. ross. alt. 
ill. t. 232.) stemless; leaves 3-parted; segments miultifid, 
toothed, smooth ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, rather shorter 
than the spur; 2 lateral petals bearded. X.H. Native on the 
Altaian mountains, about Barnaoul, and elsewhere. V. multi- 
fida, Willd. herb.—Gmel. sib. 4. p. 101. no. 66. Flowers largeish, 
violet. Root (rhizoma ?) horizontal, branched. 
Dissected-leaved Violet. Fl. May. PI. 4 foot. 
18 V. pacrytor pes (Roem. et Schult. syst. 5. p. 351.) stigma 
marginated; root divided, hard; leaves palmately 5-7-cleft ; 
leaflets oblong-lanceolate, grossly serrated, under surface villous ; 
sepals ovate ; 2 lateral petals bearded. 2/.H. Native of birch 
forests about Irkoutck and Nertschinsk-Sawod. V. palmata, 
Patrin. herb. Gmel. sib. 4. p. 100, t. 49. f. 3. Flowers pale 
blue, with darker veins. 
Finger-grass-leaved Violet. Cit. 
Fl. April, June. 
PI. 4 to 4 foot. 
1820. 
+ t Leaves ovate-cordate, or lanceolate. 
19 V. varteca Ta (Fisch. in litt. et D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) 
style marginated ; root sub-divided, hardish; leaves ovate- 
cordate, or roundish ; capsules obtuse; seeds ovoid, reddish. 
4y. H. Native of Dahuria. V. maculata, Patrin. herb. but 
not of Cav.  Stipulas lanceolate, j-adhering, denticulated. 
Leaves violaceous on the under surface, obscurely green on the 
upper surface, white at the veins, and rather hispid. Spur cy- 
lindrical, straight, length of sepals. In fruit-bearing plants the 
leaves are large, roundish, almost glabrous. Flowers pale violet, 
very like those of V. pinndta. Capsules obovate-trigonal. 
Variegated-leaved Violet. FI. May, June. Clt. 1817. Pl. 
4 foot. 
20 V. cCALTHÆFO'LIA (Poir. dict. 8. p. 627.) leaves ovate-cor- 
date, obtuse, somewhat crenated, rather hairy; peduncles shorter 
than the leaves. Y. H. Native? Perhaps the same as V. asari- 
folia? Capsules ovate-triquetrous. Seeds globose. Flowers 
blue. Lateral petals bearded ? 
Caltha-leaved Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
21 V. pnyreum#ro‘n1a (D.C. in herb. Lamb.) pubescent ; 
stigma? leaves oblong-ligulate, obliquely cordate at the base, 
obtuse at the apex ; peduncles twice the length of the leaves ; 
sepals lanceolate, acute; spur blunt, shorter than the sepals ; 
petals obovate-oblong, lower one retuse, lateral ones bearded ; 
stipulas linear, entire, acute. %.F. Native of New Holland. 
Peduncles 6-9 inches high. Flowers about the size of those of 
V.calcarata. Like V. ovata. 
Phyteuma-leaved Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
22 V. PRIMULÆFO'LIA (Lin. spec. 1324. exclusive of the syno- 
nym of Gmel.) stigma marginate ; root fibrous, rather branched ; 
leaves smoothish, ovate, rather cordate at the base, running down 
into bordered footstalks, obscurely crenate ; stipulas free; sepals 
1 
VIOLARIEZ. 
IV. Viota. 
smooth, lanceolate, rather obtuse; 2 lateral petals bearded at 
the base, lower one acuminated. X. H. Native of Pennsyl- 
vania, Virginia, Carolina, and New Jersey, in humid places. 
Flowers small, white, veined, the lower petal with dark purple. 
Var. a, cordata (D. C. prod. 1. p. 293.) smoothish. footstalks 
shorter than the leaves ; scapes twice the length of the leaves. 
Y.H. Native of North Carolina. V. primulefolia, Ait. hort. 
kew. ed. 2. vol. 2. p. 45 ? Schwein. amer. journ. 5. no. 1. p. 48. 
V. cordata, Watl. ? ex Bosc. Flower blueish, sweet-scented. 
Var. B, Bósci (D. C. prod. 1. c.) smoothish ; footstalks almost 
none ; scapes hardly exceeding the leaves. 4. H. Native of 
Carolina. PI. 6 inches high. 
Conslip-leaved Violet. Fl. April, June. Clt. 1783. Pl. 4 
to 4 foot. 
23 V. tanceora‘ra (Lin. spec. 1323.) stoloniferous ; stigma 
marginate, beaked ; leaves lanceolate, tapering to both ends ; sti- 
pulas free ; sepals lanceolate ; 2 lateral petals bearded. %. H. 
Native of North America in humid places. V. lanceolata, Lin. 
spec. exclusive of the Siberian variety. Lodd. bot. cab. t. 211. 
Sweet, fl. gard. 174. Flowers white, the lower and lateral petals 
painted with purple veins. Leaves serrated. 
Var. B, leaves ovate, truncate at base. Y.H. Native of 
Georgia and Carolina. Perhaps a variety of V. primulefolia. 
Spear-leaved Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1759. Pl. 4 foot. 
24 V.atrenua'ta (Sweet, hort. brit. p. 37.) smooth; leaves 
lanceolate, acute, and somewhat serrated, gradually tapering 
down the petiole; peduncles scarcely longer than the leaves; 
segments of the calyx acute; petals beardless, 2 upper ones 
roundish ; stigma recurved, distinctly beaked, capitate, not mar- 
ginate. 2%. H. Native of North America, from Canada to 
Pennsylvania, in overflowed meadows. Flowers white, scentless ; 
the upper petal painted with purple veins. V. lanceolata, Pursh, 
fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 172. Nutt. gen. amer. 1. p. 150. but not 
of Lin. 
Attenuate-leaved Violet. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1759. Pl. ft. 
25 V. Parrini (D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 293.) stigma 
triangular, marginated ; trunk of root hardish; leaves ovate- 
lanceolate, truncate at the base; sepals lanceolate; 2 lateral 
petals bearded ; stipulas one-half adhering. 2.H. Native of 
Siberia. V. prunelleefolia, Fisch, in litt. Flowers pale blue. 
Petioles 3 or 4 times longer than the leaves. 
Patrin’s Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1822. Pl. ¢ foot. 
26 V. Lonaisca'pa (D. C. in herb. Lamb.) smooth ; stigma! 
leaves oblong, rounded at both ends, somewhat attenuated at 
the base, almost entire, or with 1-3 teeth on each side at the 
base ; peduncles twice the length of the leaves ; sepals ovate- 
lanceolate, obtuse, entire ; petals all smooth; spur a hollow 
pouch, not half the length of the sepals. %. F. Native of 
New Holland. Peduncles 8 inches high. Flowers about the 
size of those of V. blanda. 
Long-scaped Violet. PI. 3 foot. , 
27 V. cæsrirosa (D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 205.) smooth ; 
leaves oblong, obtuse, crenulate, rounded at the base ; petio es 
winged, 3-times shorter than the leaf; scapes exceeding the 
leaves in length; segments of the calyx lanceolate, acute ; we 
tals obovate, entire, 2 lateral ones bearded. Y%.F. Native © 
Nepaul, at Chitlong. V. primulefdlia, Hamilt. mss. V. Pa- 
trínii, y, Nepaulénsis, D.C. prod. 293. Flowers violaceous. 
Tufted Violet. Fl. April. Clt. 1824. Pl. 4 foot. 
28 V. Curne’ysis; root annual; leaves oblong-ovate, rather 
cordate, smooth, crenated, running into the petiole at the base ; 
peduncles long; petals all beardless. ©. H. Native of China, 
near Canton, in uncultivated places. Flowers purple, awee 
scented. V. primulæfòlia, Lour. 
Chinese Violet. F]. June, July. Pl. 4 foot. 5 
29 V. acura (Bigel ex Spreng. syst. append. p- 96.) leaves 
