326 
leaves smooth, cordately kidney-shaped, acuminated, crenate ; sti- 
pulas awl-shaped, entire ; 3 large sepals, oblong-acuminate ; spur 
cylindrical, obtuse, long ; valves of capsule very much pointed ; 
seeds pear-shaped, brown. %.H. Native of woods and bushy 
places of mountains nearly throughout the whole of the tempe- 
rate and colder parts of Europe, particularlyGermany and Sweden, 
also of Siberia. Flowers pale blue; the lower petal streaked 
with violaceous veins. The specific name alludes to the fruit 
being produced by apparently imperfect flowers, but this occurs 
in several other species of Violet. 
Var. a, cauléscens (D.C. prod. 1. p. 297.) radical flowers 
corollate, usually abortive, cauline ones petalless, bearing seeds. 
Jacq. fl. aust. 1. p.19. Dill. elth. 408. t. 303. f. 390. 
Var. B, acaúlis (D. C. prod. 1. c.) peduncles all radical, Gmel. 
fl. bad. 3. p. 519. in obs. 
Wonderful Violet, Fl. July, August. 
1} foot. 
61 V. Macetra’nica (Forst. in comm. Goett. 9. p. 41. t. 8.) 
stigma? stem very short ; leaves kidney-shaped, hairy ; stipulas 
lanceolate, acute, entire; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminated ; 
spur saccate. Y. F. Native of the Straits of Magellan. 
Flowers large, yellow, streaked with brown veins. Petals smooth 
on the inside, or the 2 lateral ones are bearded. Spur short, blunt. 
Magellan Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
62 V. macura ra (Cav. icon. 6. p. 20. t. 539.) stigma rather 
flat at the apex; stem short; leaves ovate, crenate, smooth, 
spotted beneath; stipulas ovate, fringed; sepals lanceolate, 
acuminated ; stamens emarginate at the apex; spur short, ob- 
tuse. %%. F. Native of Chili as well as of the Straits of Ma- 
gellan. Petals much bearded on the inside with clubbed pili, 
the large petal obcordate, streaked with red lines. Flowers 
yellow. In the specimens we have seen the leaves are cordate 
and the 2 lateral petals bearded. 
Var. B, megaphylla (D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 297.) trunk 
of root long, terete; leaves elliptical or roundish-ovate. 2. F. 
Native in woods at Duclos Bay, in the Straits of Magellan. V. 
pyrolzefolia, var. a, Poir. dict. 8. p. 636, exclusive of the country. 
V. glandulosa, Dombey. herb. V.lùtea megaphyllos, Commers. 
Spotted-leaved Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
63 V. micropny Lia (Poir. dict. 8. p. 636.) stigma rather 
flat at the apex; stem none; trunk of root very short ; leaves 
ovate-lanceolate, crenulated, thickish, pubescent ; petioles stipu- 
late at the base; scape filiform, exceeding the leaves ; sepals 
acute ; lateral petals bearded ; spur obtuse. 2%. F. Native of 
Patagonia on hills about Boucault Bay. V. pyrolzfolia, Poir. 
dict. l. e. V. lùtea microphyllos, Commers. herb. Flowers 
yellow. 
Small-leaved Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
64 V. Commerso'nit (D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 297.) stig- 
ma —? stem very short; stipulas broad-ovate, entire? sepals 
oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, Y. F. Native on the higher 
mountains in the Straits of Magellan, above Fort Gallant. Flowers 
white. Lateral petals bearded ? 
Commerson’s Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
65 V. ra’picans (D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 297.) trunk of 
root horizontal, fibry ; stigma marginate, short-beaked ; leaves 
ovate-lanceolate, tapering abruptly at the base or somewhat 
cordate, serrated ; stipulas linear, awl-shaped, with bristly ser- 
ratures ; sepals linear, acute ; flowers minute ; petals beardless ? 
lower one smaller ; spur almost none. %. H. Native of South 
Carolina. Flowers yellowish ? or blue. 
Rooting Violet. Fl. Ju. July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 4 foot. 
66 V. cLanputivera (Wall. fl. ind. 2. p. 452.) stigma — ? 
stems erect, very slender ; leaves broad, kidney-shaped, toothed, 
hairy, dotted with glands underneath, the lower ones shorter 
than the petioles, the uppermost much longer; peduncles axil- 
Clt. 1732. Pl. 1 to 
. VIOLARIEA. 
IV. Viota. 
lary, as long or longer than the footstalks ; stipulas ovate, entire, 
glandular ; spur very short. 2. H. Native of the frigid re- 
gions of Gosaingsthan. Perhaps belonging to this section. 
Gland-bearing Violet. Fl. July. Pl. 3 foot. 
67 V. Hamirtonia'na (D. Don. fi. nep. p. 206.) plant 
smooth ; stems creeping ; leaves kidney-shaped, crenulated ; sti- 
pulas lanceolate, acute, toothed ; peduncles hardly longer than 
the leaves ; sepals lanceolate, acute ; spur short ; throat bearded. 
4%. F. Native in Nipaul. Perhaps belonging to this section. 
Hamilton’s Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
68 V. arcua‘ta (Blum. bijdr. ex. Schlecht. Linnea. 1. p. 
645.) stems decumbent, smooth ; leaves kidney-shaped-orbicular, 
acutish, serrated, with the veins pubescent; stipulas ovate-ob- 
long, ciliated, 3-nerved, somewhat serrated at the base. 2. S. 
Native of Java. Flowers blue? Stigma unknown. 
Arched Violet. Pl. decumbent. 
69 V. ivconspr’cua (Blum. 1. c.) style incurved ; capsules el- 
liptically-trigonal ; radical leaves hastately-cordate, crenulated, 
tapering a little into the petiole. 2.8. Native of Java. Per- 
haps this and the preceding belong to section Leptidium. 
Inconspicuous Violet. Pl. 4 foot. 
70 V. srrra‘ra (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. vol. 3. p. 290.) stig- 
ma papillose, rather reflexed, with a bluntish beak; stems 
branched, flexuous ; leaves ovate-cordate, acuminated, smoothish ; 
stipulas ovate-lanceolate, dentately-jagged ; sepals ovate-lanceo- 
late, ciliated, emarginate behind; capsules shortish, with rather 
obtuse valves, 3-7-seeded. Seeds roundish, rufous. Y. H. 
Native in woods from Pennsylvania to Carolina. V. débilis, 
Mich. not of Pursh, many species are confused under V. striata. 
See Schwein. amer. journ. Flowers whitish streaked with pur- 
ple veins. Two lateral petals bearded. 
Streaked-flowered Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1772. Pl. 3 ft. 
71 V. picuo’roma (Moc. et Sesse, mex. ined. and D. C. 
prod. 1. p. 297.) stigma? stem dichotomous ; branches spread- 
ing ; leaves cordate ; stipulas oblong, setosely-jagged at the top; 
sepals lanceolate, acute. 2%. G. Native of Mexico. Very 
nearly allied to V. striata. Flower violaceous. V. peduncu- 
lata, Lamb. herb. 
Dichotcmous-branched Violet. Pl. 1 foot. 
72 V. ocurotev'ca (Schwein. amer. journ. l. c.) stigma tubu- 
lar, curved a little, pubescent on the summit, stems assurgent ; 
leaves cordate, acuminated, serrated, with the nerves rather 
pubescent on the under side; stipulas oblong, large, remotely 
toothed ; sepals very narrow-lanceolate, acuminated ; flowers 
large; lateral petals densely bearded ; spur long. X. H. Na- 
tive of North America, along the river called Dam-river, and im 
the Saura mountains, but according to Pursh, from Pennsylvania 
to Virginia in shady woods. Flowers cream-coloured, with puf- 
ple veins. V. striata, Pursh. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 174. Nutt. 
gen. 1. p. 150. Perhaps only a variety of V. striata. 
Cream-coloured-flowered Violet. El. May, July. Clt. 1772. 
Pl. 4 foot. 
73 V. Muntensercia'wa (Ging. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. P: 
297.) stems flexuous, assurgent, simple ; leaves cordate-orbicu 
lar, acuminated, crenated, smooth; spur very short, obtuse, sti- 
pulas oblong, toothed ; sepals subulate ; lateral petals bearde® : 
root fascicular. 4. H. Native of Pennsylvania and New Jer- 
sey. V. uliginòsa ex Muhl. cat. no. 18, not of Schrad. nor Bess. 
See Schwein. 1. c. Perhaps a variety of V. dichótoma. V. con 
spersa, Reichb. Flowers blueish. Spur long, obtuse. Stigm 
beaked, ciliated below. . 
Muhlenberg’s Violet. Fl. May, Jul. Clt.? Plt. 4 foot 8.) 
T4 V. Lewista'na (Ging. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. P- 29 ) 
stems decumbent, stoloniferous ; leaves kidney-shaped and ed; 
date ; stipulas large, ovate, very long and densely cihiated ; 
flowers small, lower petal very minute, equal with the late 
