~ 
pulas awl-shaped, entire; spur obtuse, very short. b. G. 
Native of the north of Africa in fissures of rocks. V. arbo- 
réscens y serratifòlia, D. C. prod. 1. p. 299. Flowers small, 
pale-blue, sometimes white. 
Var. B, latifolia; leaves rhomboidal-spatulate, remotely- 
toothed. . h. G. V. arboréscens 6, D. C. prod. 1. p. 299. 
Corky Violet. Fl. April, May. Shrub decumbent. 
101 V. arporea (Forsk. fl. yem. CXX.) stigma? stem round 
at the base, angular at the top, erect, simple; leaves oblong, 
pointed at both ends, remotely toothed; stipulas awl-shaped, 
entire ; spur very blunt, small. h. F. Native of Arabia in 
Yemen. Perhaps the same as V. suberdsa. Flowers probably 
pale-blue. 
Tree Violet, Fl. April, June. Shrub 14 foot. 
Secr, IL. Discuy’prum (from àc, dis, twice, oytčw, schizo, to 
cut; in allusion to the 2-lobed stigma.) Ging. mss. D. C. prod. 
1, p. 300. Stigmas without a beak, more or less 2-lobed at 
the apex, with a little hole situated between the lobes. Style 
tapering from the top to the bottom. Seeds oblong, approximate. 
Torus flattish. Capsules usually trigonal, few-seeded. Seminal 
leaves usually roundish. Small stemless plants, or with very 
short stems. Petals of all probably smooth. 
102 V. pyemz'a (Poir. dict. 8. p. 630.) stigma 2-lobed ? lobes 
diverging ; trunk of root thick, perpendicular; leaves much 
crowded, linear, acute, sessile, with scabrous margins; sepals 
linear ; spur shortish; petals apiculate, smooth. %. H. Native 
on the Andes of Peru in the coldest places. V. alpina, Ruiz, 
et Pavon, in herb. Deless. ined. Flowers apparently purple. 
Pygmy Violet. Pl. 1 inch. 
103 V. cory’Lepon (Ging. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 300.) 
Stigma bifid; lobes reflexed; trunk of root thick, twisted; 
‘caves much crowded, rhomb-spatulate, tapering at the base 
Into the footstalk a long way, smooth, with cartilaginous entire 
Margins ; sepals linear; spur very short. %. G. Native on 
high mountains in Chili. Capsule trigonal, oblong, with the 
peduncles spirally twisted at the top; seeds ovate, 9-10, dark. 
Flowers probably purple. 
Cotyledon Violet. Pl. } foot. 
104 V. rripenta'ra (Menzies, ined. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 
300.) stigma? stems much branched, procumbent ;_ leaves 
crowded, obovate- wedge-shaped, -toothed at the apex, coria- 
ceous, smooth; sepals ovate, obtuse ; spur very short. hk. F. 
ative of Statenland on the peaks of mountains among snow. 
A tufted plant, more resembling 4. saxifraga than 4. viola. 
Three-toothed-leaved Violet. Shrub 1 foot. 
105 V. WALLICHIANA (Ging. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 300.) 
gma bifid? lobes lamellated, divaricating ; leaves reniform or 
cordate, hairy on the nerves ; stipulas lanceolate, denticulated ; 
sepals awl-shaped ; spur awl-shaped, length of petals. %. H. 
yet Nipaul towards the summit of Sheopore. Habit of 
W flòra. Flowers like those of V. rostrata. V. reniférmis, 
all. Al. ind. 2. p. 451. Stem beset with a few shining hairs. 
pur jointed, descending; nectary elongated, capillary; lower 
petal obovate-wedge-shaped, apiculated. Flowers small, yellow, 
SWeet-scented. 
Wallich’s Violet. Pl. 2 inches. 
106 V. BIFLORA (Lin. spec. 1326.) stem erect, about 2- 
ered stigma bifid; lobes thick, diverging ; leaves reniform, 
rated, smooth ; stipulas ovate; sepals linear ; petals smooth ; 
q very short; seeds round-ovoid, brownish, obscurely dotted. 
sti 
whole. Native on humid mountains almost throughout the 
ri ole of Europe, Siberia, and the western coast of North Ame- 
ca. Sims, bot. mag. 2089. Fl. dan. t. 46.—Pluk. alm. t. 
£38. f. 7. and t, 234. f. 1, Flowers small, yellow, with the lip 
teaked with black. Roots creeping. There is a variety of 
VOL. IL—PART IV. 
VIOLARIEÆ. IV. Viora. 329 
~ 
this plant bearing only one flower on each stem. See J. Bauh. 
hist. 3. p. 545. f. 1. 
Two-flowered Violet. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1752. Pl. 3 inches. 
107 V. Carrya'na; caulescent; stems slender, spotted ; 
leaves reniform-cordate, or cordate, mucronulate, crenated ; sti- 
pulas lanceolate, acute, with one tooth on each side at the base ; 
peduncles longer than the leaves; sepals lanceolate, entire, acute ; 
petals smooth; spur a hollow pouch. 2%. F. Native of New 
Holland. Habit of V. biflora and the flowers are about the 
same size. Stigma unknown. 
Caley’s Violet. Pl. 4 to 4 foot. 
Secr. HI. Cuamamera'nium (from yapat, chamai, dwarf, 
and pedac pedavoc, melas melanos, black, in opposition to the 
next section.) Ging. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 300. Stigma 
round, capitate, ornamented on both sides below with a fascicle 
of hairs, and with a minute sublateral hole at the tip. Style 
compressed, clavate. Stamens oblong, approximate. ‘Torus flat- 
tish. Capsules usually trigonal. Seminal leaves usually roundish. 
Two lateral petals bearded at the base. 
108 V. rripartr TA (Ell. sket. 1. p. 302.) leaves 3-5, lobed, 
pubescent ; lobes lanceolate-toothed ; stipulas ovate, entire or 
serrulated ; sepals acute. %. H. Native of Georgia near 
Athens. Flowers yellow, on long slender peduncles. Perhaps 
V. hastata var. 3 villosa of Le Conte. 
Three-parted-leaved Violet. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1823. PI. 
i foot. 
109 V. Nurra’txiu (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 174.) smooth ; 
stem simple, erectish; leaves lanceolate-ovate, entire or obscurely 
toothed, tapering down the footstalk, with the nerves and mar- 
gins pubescent; stipulas long, linear-lanceolate, entire; sepals 
lanceolate, acute, entire behind ; lateral petals bearded. Y%.H. 
Native on the banks of the Missouri near the confluence of Rock 
River. Flowers small, yellow, but purplish on the under side. 
This is the only species of Violet on the plains of the Missouri 
from the confluence of the river Platte to Fort Mandan. 
Nuttall’s Violet. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1812. Pl. 4 foot. 
110 V. præmĮmo'rsa (Doug. mss. in bot. reg. 1254.) stemless ; 
peduncles longer than the leaves; leaves ovate-oblong, hairy, 
entire; stipulas lanceolate, quite entire ; sepals linear, pilose. 
u.H. Native of North America on the banks of the river 
Columbia, and the plains of the river Aguilar in California. 
Flowers yellow ; petals beardless? the lower one streaked at the 
base. Root thick, fleshy, premorse. Like V. Nutialli. 
Premorse-rooted Violet. Fl. April, May. Clt. 1828. Pl. 4 ft. 
111 V. wasta‘ra (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 149.) smooth ; 
stem simple, erect ; leaves cordate-ovate, rarely halbert-shaped, 
serrated, smooth; stipulas small, awl-shaped, toothed ; sepals 
lanceolate, acute, sub-dentate ; spur very short. %. H. Native 
of North America in Georgia near Athens, but according to 
Pursh. on high mountains from Pennsylvania to Carolina. 
Elliot. sket. p. 151. Flowers yellow, purplish on the under 
side. Leaves usually marked with discoloured dots. 
Var. B, glabérrima (D.C. prod. 1. p. 300.) leaves rhom- 
boidal-lanceolate. 2%. H. Native of North Carolina in woods 
and on hills. 
Halbert-leaved Violet. Fl. May, Ju. Clt. 1823. Pl. } to 4 ft. 
112 V. Canapr’nsts (Lin. spec. 1326.) smooth; leaves ovate, 
cordate, crenated, acuminated, with downy nerves ; stipulas lan- 
ceolate, entire, membranous; sepals lanceolate, awl-shaped, 
entire ; petals entire ; spur very short, somewhat saccate ; cap- 
sules oblong, trigonal, very blunt ; seeds roundish-ovate, ches- 
nut-coloured. %.H. Native of North America on mountains 
in shady woods, in rich moist situations from Canada to Carolina. 
Flowers outside purplish-blue, inside white and elegantly veined, 
sweet-scented. Stigma a little pubescent. 
Uu 
