830 
Var. a; stipulas narrow-lanceolate. V. Canadénsis, Ell. 
sket. p. 301. 
Var. (3; stipulas ovate-lanceolate, ciliated; bracteas ciliated 
in the middle. V. albiflora, Link. enum. 1. p. 241. Flowers 
pure white. ; 
Canadian Violet. Fl. June. Clt. 1783. Pl. 1 to 2 feet. 
113 V. puss’scens (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. v. 3. p. 290.) 
villous ; stems simple, rather decumbent; leaves cordate, acu- 
minated, serrated ; stipulas large, ovate, serrated at the top or 
entire ; sepals oblong-lanceolate ; spur very short, somewhat sac- 
cate ; ovary smooth. 4%. H. Native of North America in shady 
woods, among rocks, particularly limestone rocks, from New 
York to Virginia, abundant about Philadelphia. Flowers yellow. 
Stigma with two tufts of hairs. Sweet, fl. gard. t. 223. 
Pubescent Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1772. Pl. 4 foot. 
114 V. ertoca’RPA (Schwein, amer. journ. 5. no. 1.) roughish ; 
stems assurgent, branched; leaves cordate, acute, sometimes 
reniform ; stipulas ovate-serrate ; spur very short, somewhat sac- 
cate ; fruit densely villous. %.H. Native of North Carolina. 
Sweet, fl. gard. t. 102. V. pubéscens 8. Ker. bot. reg. 390. 
Flowers yellow. This plant differs from V. Pennsylvénica, in 
the whole plant being villous, not pubescent, as well as in the 
stem being branched. Stigma with 2 lateral tufts of hairs. 
Woolly-fruited Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1823. Pl. 4 ft. 
115 V. Pennsytva’nica (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 2. p. 149.) 
pubescent; stem simple, erect; leaves cordate, acuminated, 
serrated ; stipulas oblong-ovate, serrated at the apex or entire ; 
spur short; ovary densely villous. 2. H. Native of North 
America, abundant about Philadelphia. Flowers yellow. Stigma 
ornamented with 2 lateral tufts of hairs. 
Pennsylvanian Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt.1772. Pl. + ft. 
116 V. uniriora (Lin. spec. 1327.) radical leaves reniform, 
stem ones ovate, acuminated, deeply-toothed, pubescent ; stipulas 
lanceolate-awl-shaped, furnished with glandular teeth; sepals 
ovate: spur broad, short, saccate. %. H. Native of Siberia 
in boggy places. —Gmel. fl. sib. 4. p. 101. t. 48. f. 5. Flowers 
yellow. Leaves large, two on the top of each stem. 
One-flowered Violet. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1774. Pl. 4 foot. 
117 V. macro’ceras (Ledeb. icon. pl. fl. ross. alt. ill. t. 219.) 
stemless, smooth; leaves cordate, crenate-serrated, acute ; pe- 
duncles almost equal in length to the leaves; sepals bluntish, 
smooth, shorter than the thick, cylindrical spur; two lateral 
petals bearded; stigma bearded. Y%.H. Native of Siberia in 
humid places on the banks of rivulets near Buchtorninsk. Root 
thick, articulated. Flowers violet, sweet-scented. Like V. 
Kamtschatica of Ging. We have placed this plant in this sec- 
tion on account of its having a bearded stigma. 
Long-horned Violet. Fl. April, May. Pl. 1 foot. 
Sect. IV, Mera'nium (a name given to V. tricolor by some 
old botanists; it is derived from pedac peXavoc, melas melanos, 
black ; because of the dark colour of the flowers of some of the 
varieties of that plant.) D. C. mss. and prod. 1. p. 301.—Jacea, 
D. C. fl. fr. Violze tricolores of old authors. Stigma urceolate, 
ornamented on both sides below, with a fascicle of hairs, and 
furnished with a large aperture with a lip at the bottom. 
Style tapering from the top to the bottom. Stamens triangular, 
connected. ‘Torus concave, and therefore the ovary appears half 
inferior. Capsules obsoletely 6-sided. Seeds very numerous, 
40-60. Seminal leaves usually ovate. The 3 lower petals have 
bearded claws. Stipulas all toothed or bristly-serrated. 
118 V. xummuarironia (All. ped. no. 1640. t. 9. f. 4.) 
very smooth; stems branched, decumbent; leaves roundish, 
entire; stipulas lanceolate, 3-cleft or bristly-toothed ; . sepals 
oblong ; spur shortish, 4. H. Native on rocks in the Alps 
. 1 
VIOLARIEZ. 
IV. Viora. 
of Piedmont and Dauphiny. D.C. fl. fr. 4. p. 804. Flowers 
blue, with darker stripes. 
Var. B, minima (D. C. prod. 1. p. 301.) Y%.H. Native of 
the Alps of Corsica.—Bocc. mus. 2. p. 163. t. 127. 
Money-wort-leaved Violet or Pansy. Fl. May, June. Clt. 
1820. PI. 4 foot. 
119 V. arri na (Jacq. obs. 1. p. 21. t. 11.) stem very short ; 
leaves tufted, ovate-roundish, somewhat cordate, crenated, on 
long footstalks ; stipulas lanceolate, scarcely toothed, adhering ; 
sepals oblong, bluntish ; spur tubular, blunt, shorter than the 
sepals. Y%.H. Native on the summits of the loftiest moun- 
tains of Austria, and the Carpathian mountains. Flowers dark- 
blue, with darker stripes. 
Alpine Violet or Pansy. Fl. July, Aug. Cit. 1823. Pl. 3 ft. 
120 V. cornu‘ta (Lin. spec. 1325.) root fibrous, stems as- 
cending, diffuse; leaves cordate-ovate, crenated, ciliated ; sti- 
pulas obliquely-cordate, toothed, ciliated; sepals awl-shaped ; 
spur awl-shaped, elongated and abrupt at the base. Y%. H 
Native of Switzerland and the Pyrenees, and on mount Atlas. 
D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 810. Curt. bot. mag. t. 791. A tufted plant, 
with pale-blue flowers. 
Horned Violet or Pansy. Fl. May, July. Clt. 1776. Pl. 4 ft. 
121 V. Cenisia (All. ped. no. 1641.) trunk of root some- 
what fusiform, woody; stems diffuse, procumbent, undivided ; 
leaves spatulate-ovate, entire; stipulas obovate, stalked, un- 
divided ; calyxes pubescent; spur tubular, awl-shaped, acute, 
thrice as long as the hind lobes of the calyx. 4. H. Native 
on rocks in the Alps of Switzerland, Piedmont, and Provence. 
Flowers blue. 
Var. a, ovatif dlia (D. C. prod. 1. p. 301.) leaves all oval, 
hardly pubescent. V. Cenisia, All. fl. ped. t. 22. f. 6. D.C. 
fl. fr. 4. p. 805. 
‘ar. B, diversifolia (D. C. prod. 1. c.) lower leaves ovate, 
upper ones oblong, tomentosely-pubescent. 4. H. Native of 
the Pyrenees. V. Cenisia, Lapeyr. abr. Like V. Cheiranthi- 
fòla. 
Mount-Cenis Violet or Pansy. 
Pl. 4 foot. 
122 V. Varpe'sia (All. ped. 2. p. 98. t. 24. f. 3.) trunk of 
root fusiform; stems diffuse, procumbent, undivided; leaves 
all oblong and rather hispid and sinuated ; stipulas palmate; 
spur tubular, slender, longer than the calyx. 2%. H. Native of 
Piedmont. Flowers purple. Perhaps only a variety of the last. 
Valderian Violet or Pansy. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1759. Pl. 4 ft. 
123 V. minv‘ra (Bieb. fl. taur. 1. p. 173.) stems simple, one- 
flowered, flaccid; leaves roundish, crenated ; stipulas ovate, 
entire, ciliated; spur scarcely the length of sepals. X. H. 
Native of Iberia. Perhaps a variety of V. alpina. Flowers 
blue, about the size of those of V. odérata. 
Minute-flowered Violet, or Pansy. PI. 1 inch. ; 
124 V. cra’ciuis (Smith, fl. græc. t. 222.) root creeping, stem 
branched, angular, diffuse; leaves lanceolate, somewhat crenate, 
the upper ones crowded, opposite, either smooth or downy; supu- 
las deeply 3-cleft ; spur slender, much longer than the auricles 0 
the calyx, which are toothed. %4. H. Native on mount Etna. 
V. calearata, var. «. Ethnénsis, D. C. prod. 1. p. 302.—Cup- 
pamph. ed. bonon. t. 138. Bracteas toothed at the base 1 i 
hastate manner. Flowers about the size of V. litea, of a du 
purplish blue, occasionally yellow. 
Slender Violet, or Pansy. Fl. June, July. Pl. 7 foot. 32.) 
125 V. cuerrantuiro Lia (H. B. pl. equ. 1. p- 111. t. a 
velvety; root thick, woody; stems ascending ; leaves rene 
late, quite entire, tapering into the footstalk ; stipulas line Pi 
spur tubular, rather acute, scarcely the length of the se aN 
4. G. Native of the Canary Islands, at the top of the mo 
tain called Pico-Teyde. Flowers violaceous. 
Fl. June, July. Clt. 1759. 
