VIOLARIEZ. V. ErrETION. 
distinct, diverging at the base. Stigma inconspicuous. Small 
tufted plants, with running rooting stems, and roundish or kid- 
ney-shaped leaves, l-flowered peduncles, and beautiful blue 
flowers mixed with white. The roots of all are perpendicular. 
1 E. RENIFORME (Sweet, fl. gard. 170.) stem creeping, root- 
ing ; leaves crowded, kidney-shaped, repandly-toothed, punctate ; 
stipulas linear-awl-shaped, acuminated ; sepals lanceolate, hardly 
drawn out into auricles; petals reflexed; the two lateral ones 
are furnished with a beard on the upper side. 4%. F. Native 
of New Holland about Port Jackson. Erpétion cymbalaria, D. 
C. in herb. Lamb. Viola reniformis, R. Br. ined. Viola hede- 
racea, Hook. exot. bot. 225. Flowers blue mixed with white. 
Kidney-shaped-leaved Erpetion. Fl. May, Oct. Clt. 1823. 
Pl. creeping. 
2 E. HEDERA cEuM (Lab. spec. nov. holl. 1. p. 66. t. 91. under 
Viola). stem short, stoloniferous ; leaves crowded into fascicles, 
roundish, somewhat cuneated at the base, crenated, punctate ; 
stipulas awl-shaped, ending in a bristly acumen; sepals hardly 
drawn out at the base into auricles. %. F. Native of Van 
Diemen’s Land. Flowers blue and whitish. This is a much 
smaller plant than the last. The two lateral petals are arched, 
with a tuft of hairs on the upper side. Root perpendicular, 
simple. Peduncles about twice the length of the leaves. 
fvy-like Erpetion. P]. creeping. 
_3 E. PETIOLARE; stems stoloniferous; leaves crowded in fas- 
cicles, kidney-shaped-truncate at the apex, repandly-toothed ; sti- 
pulas lanceolate, ending in bristle-like acumen; sepals hardly 
drawn out at the base into auricles; peduncles and petioles very 
long, even from 6 to 9 inches. .H. Native of New Holland 
and Van Diemen’s Land. Viola gracilis, R. Br. ined. V. he- 
deracea y, petiolaris, D. C. prod. 1. p. 305. Petals smooth. 
Slender Erpetion. Pl. creeping. 
4 E. spatuua‘tum ; stoloniferous; leaves on long footstalks, 
obovate-roundish, toothed, smooth; peduncle slender ; flower 
nodding ; spur very short. Y.H. Native of New Holland. 
Viola spatulata, Sieb. V. Sieberiana, Spreng. syst. app. p. 96. 
Perhaps a species of Viola. 
Spatulate-leaved Erpetion. Pl. creeping. 
Cult. These are elegant little plants, and deserve to be culti- 
vated in every garden. They will suit well for rock-work, or 
to be grown in pots and placed among other alpine plants ; 
they are all easily increased by separating the runners. All the 
Species require protection in severe weather. 
VI. SO'LEA (in honour of William Sole, an acute English 
botanist, author of Menthe Brittanice, 1 vol. fol. Bath, 1798.) 
cing, mss. et D. C. prod. 1. p. 306.—Sòlea, spec. Spreng. pug. 
r. . p. 22, 
Lin. syst. Penténdria, Monogynia. Sepals hardly equal, 
keeled ? not drawn out behind into auricles as in Viola, but 
running into the pedicel at the base (Nutt.), reflexed after flower- 
ing. Petals rather unequal; lower one a little larger than the 
rest and a little gibbous at the base, the rest almost equal, con- 
volute in zestivation? Stamens approximate, 2 anterior ones bear- 
ing each on the outside at the base a nectarial gland ? filaments 
rather unguiculate at the base, with the claws scarcely equalling 
h e ovary in height, bearing the anthers a little higher up. Stigma 
poked. Herb pilose. Stems twiggy. Leaves alternate. 
eduncles 1-flowered, short, axillary in pairs, but often solitary 
tom abortion, each furnished with 2 little bracteas. 
S. co Ncotor (Ging. mss. et D. C. prod. 1. p. 306.) %. 
Native of Pennsylvania on limestone rocks. Viola cóncolor, 
orster in Lin, trans. 6. p. 309. t.28. Perhaps the same as 
òlea stricta of Spreng. l.c.? Flowers small, green. 
elf-coloured-flowered Solea. Fl. J une, July. Clt. 1788. 
- 1 to 2 feet. 
VI. Sorea. VII. Pompatra. 335 
Cult. This curious plant may be grown in the open border 
or on rock-work. A limestone or chalky soil will suit it best. 
It may be either propagated by dividing the plant at the root, 
or by seeds. It will require protection in severe weather. 
VII. POMBA‘LIA (in honour of Sebastian Joseph de Car- 
valho Marquis de Pombal, a famous Portuguese statesman). 
Vand. fasc. 7. t.1. D.C. prod. 1. p. 306. 
Lin. syst. Penidndria, Monogynia. Sepals large, run- 
ning into the pedicel at the base, with the margins echinated 
with callose prickles. Petals unequal, 4 upper ones short, 
scarcely exceeding the calyx in length, the lower one 2 or 3 
times longer than the rest, somewhat gibbous at the base, stipi- 
tately-unguiculate, with a broad limb with an involute margin. 
Filaments unguiculated at the base, with linear claws equal- 
ling the ovary, oblong, dilated at the top, bearing the anthers 
very high up, 2 of the filaments bearing each a nectarial gland on 
the back at the base. Lobes of anthers blunt at the top. Style 
straight; stigma funnel-shaped. Capsule as in Viola, usually 
villous. Cotyledons generally orbicular, length of the terete 
radicle. Annual herbs, generally very villous. Root thickish, 
hard. Leaves alternate. Peduncles axillary, solitary, not 
jointed, bibracteolate. Flowers large, drooping. 
1 P. I’rusu (Ging. mss. et D. C. prod. 1. p. 307.) ©. &. 8S. 
Viola I’tubu, Aubl. guian. 2. p. 808. t. 318. bad. Ionidium I'tubu, 
H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. t. 496. I. Ipecacuanha et 
calceolaria, Vent. Jtowbou is the name of the plant in Guiana. 
Var. a; stems very hairy; flowers white; seeds whitish; 
capsules villous. Native of Guiana and Brazil. Sims, bot. mag. 
2453. V. Ipecacuanha et calceolaria, Lin. 
Var. B; stems very hairy ; flowers blue. Native in Cayenne. 
Viola I’tubu, var. flére cærùleo, Aublet. |. c. 
Var. y; stems smoothish; flowers white; ovary villous ; 
seeds black. Native in Brazil. Pombalia Ipecacuanha, Vand. 
fasc. 7. t. 1. bad. Calcedlar. Loefl. itin. p. 184. no. 2.? Perhaps 
V. Ipecacudnha of Lin. mant. 484. 
Var. ò; indécora (St. Hil. mem. mus. 11. p. 481.) corolla 
shorter than the calyx, smooth ; filaments 3, sterile. Native of 
Brazil. Ionidium indécorun, St. Hil. 
The roots of these plants are emetic, and probably the white 
ipecacuan of the shops; beside these the name of ipecacuan is 
given to various species of Cynanchum, Asclépias, Euphorbia, Dor- 
stenia, Psychétria emética, but the best is the root of the Callicécca 
Ipecacuanha, which is called in the shops the Brown Ipecacnan. 
With regard to their comparative strengths, De Candolle says 
that vomiting is produced by 22 grains of Cyndnchium Ipeca- 
cudnha, 24 of Psychétria emética, 60 or 72 of Lonidium calceo- 
larium, and 1 to 3 drachms of Pombàlia I’tubu. The root of this 
plant fills the place of the true Jpecacuan of the shops. M. 
Fernambouc regards it as the best remedy that can be employed 
in dysentery. Some of the inhabitants of Rio-Grande-do- 
Norte assured M. Aug. St. Hilaire that they can radically cure 
the gout with a decoction of the roots, The roots are white 
within and greyish or reddish without ; they are sold by the 
inhabitants of Brazil for the true Jpecacuan, Callicécca Ipeca- 
cudnha. The Brazilian name of the plant is Poaya da praia or 
Poaya branca. Poaya appears to be a name used by the Brazi- 
lians for all emetic roots. 
Itoubou or White Ipecacuanha. Fl. July. Cit. 1822. Pl. 1 ft. 
Cult. Although these plants form small shrubs in their native 
country, they cannot be considered any more than stove annuals 
in this country, therefore the only mode of preserving them is 
by seeds, which should be sown in a hot-bed in the spring, where 
they should remain, or they may be removed into the stove in 
May. A mixture of peat and sand suits them best. 
