VIOLARIEA. XII. Gonoworra. XIII. Rinorta. XIV. Atsopzra. XV. CERANTHERA. 
fl. bras. 1. p. 29. t. 20. Physiphora levigata, Sol. mss. The 
green leaves are very mucilaginous, and have an herbaceous taste, 
the negroes in many of the cantons in the environs of Rio Janeiro 
eat them with their food. M. Aug. St. Hilaire is of opinion 
that the leaves would acquire a more agreeable taste if the 
shrub was planted in good soil under the shade of trees, in order 
to blanch them. Loboldba is the Brazilian name of the shrub. 
Lobolobo Gonohoria. Fl. Sept. Nov. Shrub 6 feet. 
5 G. castanezrouia (St. Hil. 1. c. p. 495.) leaves alternate 
and opposite, crowded at the top of the branches, oblong ; lan- 
ceolate sharply serrated, mucronate, with the lateral nerves 
parallel, rather prominent; racemes compound, rather loose, 
pubescent ; urceolus cup-shaped? girding the ovary. h. S. 
Native of Brazil in hedges not far from Rio Janeiro. 
Chesnut-leaved Gonohoria. Fl. Aug. Shrub 6 feet. 
6 G. racemosa ; leaves opposite, oblong, acuminated, quite 
entire, smooth on both surfaces ; racemes opposite, elongated ; 
pedicels cymose ; filaments lanceolate, acute, serrulated ; cells of 
anthers horned. h.S. Native of Brazil. Alsodea racemdsa, 
Mart. fl. bras. 1. p. 29. t. 20. Flowers small, white. 
Racemose-flowered Gonohoria.- Fl. Nov. Dec. Shrub 6 feet. 
7 G. cu’spa (H. B. et Kunth, 7. p. 242. under Gondria.) leaves 
elliptical-oblong, obtuse, quite entire, smooth, shining above, 
upper ones opposite; peduncles simple, bracteate. h. S. Na- 
tive of New Granada. Alsddea Cúspa, Spreng. syst. append. p. 
99. Flowers white, small. Cuspa is the name of the tree in 
New Granada, where its bark is celebrated for its frebrifugal 
qualities both in powder and in decoction. 
Cuspa Gonohoria. Tree 20 feet. 
8 G. Mreapora’mica ; leaves elliptical, oblong, quite entire, 
reticulately veined, rather pubescent beneath ; peduncles cymi- 
ferous, axillary, bifid; filaments bearded on the back. R.S. 
Native of Brazil at Rio Grande. Alsòdea, Spreng. syst. app. p. 99. 
Rio Grande Gonohoria. Shrub 6 feet. 
Cult. The species of the genus Gonohdria will grow well in 
a mixture of loam and sand, and young cuttings will root freely 
under a bell-glass if planted in sand. None of the species have 
yet been introduced to the gardens. 
XIII. RINO‘'REA (Rinori is the name of R. Gutanénsis in 
Guiana.) Aubl. guian. 1. p. 235. t. 93. D. C. prod. 1. p. 312. 
IN. syst. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Character the same as 
Gonohdria, but with the filaments dilated from the base and joined 
into an urceolus, girding the ovary, and bearing the anthers lower 
Own, approximate. Middle-sized trees. Leaves alternate, 
stipulate ; stipulas deciduous. Flowers in racemes; racemes 
axillary or terminal, loosely panicled. Pedicels drooping, 1- 
flowered, bearing a bractea at the base of each, with two smaller 
Ones toward the middle, and joint- 
ed. Flowers small, white. Ovary 
Ovate, 3-lobed, 1-celled, 3-seeded. 
ccording to St. Hilaire this genus 
does not differ from Gonohdria. 
1 R. Gurane’nsis (Aubl. guian. 
l. p. 235. t. 93.) flowers in com- 
pound racemes ; leaves deeply-ser- 
rated. h.S. Native of Guiana 
and Brazil. Gonohoria_ Rinoria, 
t. Hil. in mem. mus. 11. p- 495. 
Alsddea paniculata, Mart. fl. bras. 
P. 30. t. 21, 
Guiana Rinorea. Tree 14 feet. 
2 R.? INTEGRIFÒLIA (Ging. mss. 
and D. C. prod. 1. p. 313.) pe- 
duncles solitary or in pairs, 1- 
FIG. 65. _ 
341 
flowered; leaves entire. h.S. Native of Brazil. Gonohdria 
alternifolia, Spreng. new entd. 2. p. 151. Flowers whitish. 
Entire-leaved Rinorea. Tree 15 feet. 
Cult. ‘The species of this genus should be cultivated in the 
same manner as Gonohdria, which see. 
XIV. ALSO‘DEA (from adowdne, alsodes, leafy; plants 
thickly beset with leaves.) Pet. Th. hist. veg. afr. 2. p. 55. t.17 
and 18. nov. gen. madag. p. 55. D. C. prod. 1. p. 313. 
Lin. syst. Pentandria, Monogynia. Sepals acute, imbricate, 
3 exterior and 2 interior. Petals alternate, longer than the 
sepals, twisted in eestivation. Stamens alternating with the petals ; 
filaments loosened from or adnate to the urceolus which girds the 
ovary, hence dilated into ligula, not unguiculated, bearing the 
anthers at the base of those ligula, exceeding the ovary in 
length ; lobes of anther usually drawn out at the apex into bristly 
appendages. Urceolus simple on the outside, or girded or 
furnished with various appendages. Ovary simple. Style club- 
shaped. Capsule covered with the permanent calyx and corolla, 
obversely turbinate, bluntly 3-sided. Seeds one or two in each 
valve. Cotyledons orbicuwlar—Shrubs or trees from Mada- 
gascar. Leaves usually alternate, feuther-nerved ; stipulas small, 
deciduous. Flowers small, whitish, racemose; racemes axil- 
lary and terminal. Pedicels bracteate, jointed. 
gl. 
1 A. pauciFLorA (Pet. Th. l. c. p. 57. f. 17.) urceolus of 
stamens simple; leaves wedge-shaped on short footstalks ; 
flowers few, somewhat corymbose; pedicels reflexed. kh. S. 
Native of Madagascar in shady places. 
Fen-flowered Alsodea. Shrub 4 feet. 
2 A. ARBOREA (Pet. Th. l. ce. p. 57.) urceolus of stamens 
simple ; leaves on long footstalks, deflexed; flowers panicled. 
. S. Native of Madagascar. 
Tree Alsodea. Clt. 1823. 
§ 2. 
3 A. ancustiro LIA (Pet. Th. l. c. p. 57. t. 17. f. 1.) urceolus 
of stamens girded ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, toothed; racemes 
spiked. hk. S. Native of Madagascar. 
Narrow-leaved Alsodea. Shrub 6 feet. 
4 A. LATIFOLIA (Pet. Th. l. c. p. 57. t. 18. f. 2.) urceolus 
of stamens girded; leaves ovate, obtusely-acuminated ; racemes 
glabrous, dense. h.S. Native of Madagascar. 
Broad-leaved Alsodea. Clt. 1823. Shrub 6 feet. 
5 A. puse'scens (Pet. Th. l.c. p. 57. t. 18. f. 3.) urceolus 
of stamens girded ; leaves ovate, cuneated at the base, serrated ; 
racemes loose, pubescent. k.S. Native of Madagascar. 
Pubescent-racemed Alsodea. Shrub 6 feet ? 
Cult. The species of this genus will thrive best in a mixture 
of loam and sand, and young cuttings will strike root under a 
bell-glass if planted in a pot of sand, placed in heat. 
Urceolus simple. 
Tree 20 feet. 
Urceolus girded. 
XV. CERANTHE'RA (kepac, keras, a horn, and av@npa, 
anthera, an anther; in allusion to the lobes of the anthers being 
terminated by a bristle.) Beauv. fl. ow. 2. p. 11. t. 65. D.C. 
prod. 1. p. 313.—Passalia, Banks herb. ex Brown, congo, p. 
21. Alsodea species, Spreng. 
Lin. syst. Pentdndria, Monogynia. Sepals acute. Petals 
lanceolate, twice the length of the sepals. Urceolus toothed, 
joined with the petals at the base, situated between the petals 
and stamens. Filaments unguiculate at the base; hence dilated 
into petal-like scales at the apex, bearing the anthers high 
up at the base of the scales; lobes of anthers bristly ; claws 
of filaments adnate to the urceolus, but free at the top. 
Ovary ovate. Capsules unknown.—Shrubs. Leaves alternate, 
