342 VIOLARIEH. XVI. PENTALOBA. 
broad. Flowers in panicled racemes; 
Flowers small, greenish-yellow. 
Obs. From the figures of Beauvais, fl. ow. 1. c. the struc- 
ture of the stamens appears to be the same as those of Gonohdria, 
but differs in the stamens being fixed to the inner parietes of 
the urceolus, not free as in Gonohdria. It differs from Alsddea 
as Rinoria does from Gonohdria, in the filaments being ungui- 
culate, not dilated from the base, and bearing the anthers high 
up, not low down. 
1 C. penra’ra (Beauv. fl. ow. et ben. 2. p.11. t. 65.) leaves 
ovate-lanceolate, toothed; petals lanceolate-ovate. h.S. Na- 
tive of Buonopozo in the kingdom of Waree, and in many 
pedicels bracteate. 
other parts of Guinea, Sierra Leone, Cape Coast, and the Island 
of St. Thomas, Isles de Los, &c. 
white. 
Toothed-leaved Ceranthera. 
Shrub 6 feet. 
2 C. SUBINTEGRIFOLIA (Beauv. 1. c. t. 66.) leaves lanceolate- 
oblong, rarely with sinuated margins; petals ovate. h. S. 
Native about the townof Waree and many other parts of Guinea. 
Flowers white. 
Subentire-leaved Ceranthere. Fl. Ju. Jul. Clt. 1824. Sh. 6 ft. 
Cult. These shrubs will thrive best in a mixture of loam and 
sand, and young cuttings will root if planted in sand under a 
bell-glass, plunged in heat. 
Flowers small, yellowish- 
Fl. March, April. Clt. 1824. 
XVI. PENTA’LOBA (from xevre, pente, five, and Aofoc, 
lobos, a lobe; in allusion to the 5-lobed berry.) Lour. coch. 
p- 154. D.C. prod. 1. p. 314. 
Lin, syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Sepals 5, lanceolate, 
erect, pilose. Petals 5, lanceolate, somewhat reflexed at the 
apex, conniving into a little bell at the base. Nectary 5- 
toothed, erect ; filaments 5, filiform, flattish, standing upon the 
incisures of the nectary, almost equal in length to the corolla. 
Ovary pilose. Style short, pilose; stigma simple. Berry 
roundish, 5-lobed, 1-celled, 5-seeded; seeds ovate. A middle- 
sized tree with alternate leaves, and pale, sessile, crowded flowers. 
Perhaps a congener of Alsddea ? 
1 P. sx’sstuis (Lour. fl. coch. p. 154.). 
mountains in Cochin-China. 
Sessile-flowered Pentaloba. Tree 20 feet? 
Cult. This tree should be grown in a mixture of loam and 
peat. _ouns cuttings will root under a bell-glass, if planted 
in sand. 
h.G. Native on 
Flowers whitish. 
XVII. SPATULA'RIA (from spatula, a spatula; form of 
petals). St. Hil. in mem. mus. 11, p. 491. t. 24. 
Lix. syst. Pentdndria, Mono- FIG. 66 
gynia. Calyx small, 5-parted, on 
rather unequal (f. 66. ¢.), deci- 
duous. Petals 5, elliptical, in- 
serted at the base of the calyx (f. 
66. 6.), with long claws, spa- 
tulate, rather unequal, deciduous, 
with the claws conniving into 
a tube (f. 66. b.). Stamens 5 
(f£. 66. a.), inserted in the base 
of calyx and alternating with the 
petals, deciduous ; filaments flat ; 
anthers drawn out at the apex 
into a membranous point (f. 66. 
a.) affixed by their base, open- 
ing lengthwise from the front to 
the sides. Style 1, tapering at 
the base (f. 66. ¢.), and denti- 
XVII. SPATULARIA. 
XVIII. Hymenantuera. XIX. PIPAREA. 
culated at the apex. Stigma hardly manifest (f. 66. f.) Ovary 
free, 1-celled, many-seeded -(f. 66. d.); ovulæ numerous, fixed 
to 3 parietal placentas. Shrub. Leaves alternate and opposite, 
simple, toothed. Stipulas caducous. Peduncles 1-4, terminal, 
bracteate at the base, 1-3-flowered ; pedicels erect, jointed, and 
when there are three together they constitute a little umbel. 
1 S. ronerro tia (St. Hil. l. c. p. 492. t.24.) h. S. , Native 
of Brazil near Rio Janeiro in old woods on a mountain called 
Corcovada, but very rare. Petals white or pale violet. 
Long-leaved Spatularia. Fl. Oct. , Shrub 6 feet. . 
Cult. For propagation and cultivation see Ceranthèra. 
XVIII. HYMENANTHE'RA (from vunv, hymen, a mem- 
brane, and avðnpa, anthera, an anther; alluding to the anthers 
being terminated by a membrane, or probably from the scales cn 
the back). Banks herb. ex R. Br. cong. p. 23. o, 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Sepals 5, imbricate. 
Petals 5, alternate, ovate, acuminated, at last reflexed, longer 
than the calyx, obliquely imbricated in æstivation (R. Brown). 
Structure of stamens approaching to Viola, but closed together 
at the base into a monodelphous disk ; with a scale opposite eac 
on the back. Style very short. Stigmas 2, acute. Capsules 
somewhat baccate (when dry rough and reticulately veined) 
thin, ovate (1-celled, 1-seeded ?) 2-celled ; cells 1-seeded (R. 
Brown) covered by the permanent calyx, petals, and stamens. 
Seeds conforming to the capsule and filling the same, hanging from 
the nerviform placenta (as in Viola). Structure of seed betwee 
the Violariée and Polygalee, ex R. Brown. Shrubs branche . 
Leaves coriaceous, sometimes solitary and alternate, sometimes 
in fascicles. Flowers small, axillary. Peduncles solitary, 1- 
flowered, furnished with 2 bracteas at the base of each. od 
1 H. aneustiro‘ria (R. Br. in herb. Banks and D. C. Py . 
1. p. 315.) leaves linear, quite entire. p. G. Native of Van 
Diemen’s Land at Port Dalrymple. Flowers yellow. 
Narrow-leaved Hymenanthera. Shrub 6 feet. 
2 H. nexta ra (R. Br. in herb. Banks and D. C. prod. 1. p: 
315.) leaves oblong, denticulated. h. G. Native of New 
Holland near Port Jackson. Flowers yellow. 
Toothed-leaved Hymenanthera. Fl. April, May. 
Shrub 6 feet. d 
Cult. These shrubs will thrive best in a mixture of loam an 
peat, and young cuttings will root readily under a bell-glass, 1 
planted in sand. 
Clt. 1824. 
XIX. PIPA' REA (from Pipari, the name of the tree m Guiana) 
Aubl. guian. 2. suppl. p. 31. t. 386. Sepals 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, or Polydndria, Monogynia. Pl A 
equal, permanent, at length reflexed at the apex. Petals edn 
Filaments 10-15? awl-shaped, permanent, erect, shorter hese 
the calyx, smooth, with the same number of appendages, t 5 
alternate with the stamens and are oblong and very hairy, wes 
connected together and girding the ovary. Capsule ovate, rte 
quetrous, l-celled, 3-valved. Style filiform; stigma ope om 
(Geert. fil.) Capsule 3-valved, 1-celled, opening laterally biy 
the top, covered densely on the inside with velvety brown oe 
valves bearing the seeds in the middle, one only in each ver 
they are globose and velvety (2 of which are generally iked 
tive). Shrubs or trees, Leaves alternate, scarcely oi els 
feather-nerved, furnished with 2 caducous stipulas. Pe ved! 
very short, 1-flowered, axillary, solitary, or numerous, Jom ta 
Perhaps this genus is truly pentandrous, if so it belongs, in 
Violariee, but if polyandrous it ought perhaps to be place 
Tiliacee. Jitary 
1 P. penra‘ra (Aubl. guian. 2. p. $1. t.386.) flowers 5° i nee 
or twin ; leaves elliptical or acuminated,  prownish-velvety 
