POLYGALEZ. 
Cayenne). D. C. prod. 1. p. 327. Keel of flower crested 
(crest sometimes very minute}. Capsules glabrous, oval-oblong, 
hardly emarginate. Racemes sometimes elongated, sometimes 
crowded, forming a dense spike. Flowers small, lower ones 
soon falling off. Leaves alternate or in whorls. American 
herbs or small shrubs. The character given by M. Anguste St. 
Hilaire to this section is as follows: Style 4-lobed ; lobes nearly 
equal, or very unequal, upper lobe bearded or appendiculate, 
lower one gland-formed. Caruncle of seed very minute or with 
2 small appendages. 
96 P. rricnosre’RMA (Lin. mant. 259.) racemes ovate, spike- 
formed; leaves alternate, oblong-linear, erect; stems erect, 
twiggy. M.S. Nativein New Granada. Jacq. obs. 3. t. 67. 
Flowers small, white. 
Hairy-seeded Milkwort. Pl. 4 foot. 
97 P. asra'rarua (Lin. mant. 99.) racemes dense, roundish, 
capitate; leaves numerous, alternate, linear-setaceous, mucro- 
nate, spreading, full of pellucid dots; stems suffruticose, erect, 
twiggy, simple, or branched. h.S. Native in Brazil in marshy 
places in the province of St. Paul. Flowers purple, rarely 
white ; wings elliptical, rather longer than the keel. Seeds pu- 
bescent. 
A spalathus-like Milkwort. . Fl. Feb. Sh. + foot. 
98 P. sreLLE'RA (D.C. prod. 1. p. 327.) racemes somewhat 
capitate, spike-formed; wings lanceolate, acuminated, longer 
than the keel; leaves smooth, scattered, few, lower ones oppo- 
site, elliptical, obtuse, the rest linear, all full of pellucid dots ; 
stems erect, branched, twiggy ; seeds conical, silky, unappendi- 
culate. ©. S. Native in Brazil, Portorico, and St. Domingo. 
Flowers dark-purple. 
Starry Milkwort. Fl. Jan. Feb. Pl. 3 to 1 foot. 
99 P. nycro’euita (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 395. 
t. 508.) racemes dense, spike-formed, oblong; wings elliptical, 
longer than the keel; leaves scattered, linear, acute, rather fal- 
cate, smooth, lower ones four in a whorl; stem erect, twiggy, 
almost simple; seeds small, elliptical, pilose. ©. S. Native 
m humid places near Esmeralda on the Orinoco and in Brazil. 
P. Berteriana, D. C. prod. 1. p. 328. Flowers whitish, and 
marked with purple. 
Water-loving Milkwort. Fl. May, June. Pl. 4 foot. 
100 P. ritiro‘rmis (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 7.) stem long, fili- 
form, simple, almost leafless ; upper leaves scale-formed, hardly 
conspicuous ; racemes spike-formed, very narrow, lax ; wings 
elliptical, obtuse, shorter than the keel. ©. S. Native of Brazil 
In the province of Minas Geraes on a mountain called Serra da 
Caraca. Flowers purple, Stigma 4-lobed. 
Filiform Milkwort. Fl. April. Pl. 14 foot. 
101 P. eauisetor pes (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 7.) stem herba- 
ceous, leafless ; branches dichotomous ; branchlets leafy ; leaves 
very narrow, linear, acute; racemes spike-formed, rather conical; 
wings elliptical, obtuse, longer than the keel; seeds elongated, 
cylindrical, beaked, somewhat pubescent. ©. S. Native of 
razil in the western part of the province of Minas Geraes. 
Flowers probably purple. Stigmas 4-lobed. This species has 
the habit of P., setacea, Mich. 
Horse-tail-like Milkwort. Pl. 3 foot. 
102 P. INCARNATA (Lin. spec. 986, exclusive of Pluk. icon.) 
racemes spike-formed, oblong, without glands ; leaves scattered, 
few, awl-shaped ; stem erect, scarcely branched. ©. H. Na- 
tive in low, sandy fields near rivulets from New Jersey to Caro- 
lina. A delicate little plant with bright flesh-coloured flowers. 
Flesh-coloured-flowered Milkwort. Fl. Ju. July. Cit. 1812. 
Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
soe P. toneicav'tis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 
6.) racemes spike-formed, roundish; corolla glandular ; 
faves scattered, remote, linear, covered with glandular dots ; 
I. PoLYGALA. ° 355 
stem elongated, somewhat branched. ©. S. Native in New 
Andalusia and New Granada. Plant smooth. Wings of flower 
rose-coloured. Seeds conical, covered with retrograde silky hairs. 
Long-stemmed Milkwort. Fl. June, July. Pl. 14 foot. 
104 P. apeno’puora (D. C. prod. 1. p. 327.) racemes oblong, 
spike-formed ; wings of calyx as well as capsules glandular ; 
leaves scattered, few, awl-shaped; stem erect, somewhat 
branched. ©. S. Native in dry pastures of Guiana. P. in- 
carnata, Aubl. guian. 2. p. 739. exclusive of the synonymes. 
Flowers flesh-coloured. 
Gland-bearing Milkwort. Fl. Ju. Jul. Pl. 4 to 1 foot. 
105 P. srcotor (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 394. 
t. 507.) racemes dense, cylindrical, spike-formed; 3 shorter 
sepals bearing 2 thick parallel nerves; leaves full of shining 
dots ; lower ones 3or 5 in a whorl, upper ones scattered, linear- 
lanceolate. ©. S. Native of Mexico near Santa-Rosa. Plant 
smooth, simple. Flowers about the size of those of P. Austriaca, 
whitish, lower ones reddish-copper-coloured. 
Two-coloured-flowered Milkwort. Fl. May, July. Pl. 4 foot. 
106 P. Timov’rou (Aubl. guian. 2. t. 225.) racemes spike- 
formed, cylindrical, imbricated; flowers at length reflexed ; 
wings ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, longer than the keel; leaves 
sessile, oblong, somewhat mucronated, lowest ones obovate, 4 in 
a whorl, upper ones oblong, acute, alternate; stem erect, 
branched, 4-angled, winged; seeds pilose. ©. S. Native of 
Cayenne and Brazil in wet places. P. lupulina, Willd. spec. 3. 
p. 880. P. uligindsa, Pers. ench. 2. p.272. Flowers whitish- 
green. P. cuspidata, D. C. prod. 1. p. 3828. Timoutou is the 
name of the place in Cayenne, where this plant was first collected 
by Aublet. 
Timoutou Milkwort. P]. 4 to 1 foot. 
107 P. p1'stans (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 24. t. 84.) stem her- 
baceous, almost simple, erect; leaves 5 or 7 in a whorl, lan- 
ceolate, very acute, full of pellucid dots; whorls few and very 
remote; racemes spike-formed, very narrow and rather loose ; 
wings obovate, about equal in length with the keel; seeds ob- 
long, pubescent. ©. S. Native of Brazil in the province of 
Minas Geraes in the desert called Certao. Flowers purple? 
Distant-leaved Milkwort. PI. 4 to $ foot. 
108 P. motiverniro LIA (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 25.) stem di- 
chotomous, quadrangular ; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear or oblong- 
linear, mucronulate, full of glandular dots, smooth ; racemes 
spike-formed ; wings elliptical, equal in length with the keel ; 
seeds oblong, pubescent. ©. S. Native of Brasil in the pro- 
vinces of St. Paul and Cis Platine, &c. Flowers purple. 
Mollugo-leaved Milkwort. Fl. Oct. Jan. Pl. ż to 1 foot. 
109 P. varra’siis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 5. p. 397. t. 
509.) racemes spike-formed, rather loose; leaves scattered, re- 
mote, - narrow, linear, glabrous, full of pellucid dots; stems 
ascending, fastigiately branched at the top. ©.S. Native of 
South America. Seeds conical, covered with retrograde hairs. 
Var. a; flowers rose-coloured. On the banks of the river 
Orinoco. 
far. B ; flowers white. 
Var. y; stem simple. Near Esmeralda. 
Variable-flowered Milkwort. Pl. 4 to $ foot. 
110 P. crucia ra (Lin. amoen. 2. p. 138.) racemes spike- 
formed, ovate, imbricated ; wings of younger flowers with long 
points ; leaves linear, 4 in a whorl; stem erect, branched, an- 
gular. ©. H. Native in wet places on the edges of bogs and 
rivulets from Canada to Carolina. Flowers red, mixed with 
green. Plant dwarf and spreading. 
Cross-leaved Milkwort. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1739. Pl. ł ft. 
111 P. sreviroLIa (Nutt. gen. amer. 2. p. 89.) racemes 
spike-formed, partly capitate; wings of flower cordate-ovate, 
acute; leaves oblong-linear, full of resinous dots, 4 in a whorl ; 
Z2z2 
Near Maypures. 
