398 
sterile places on the higher Pyrenees. S. ceespitdsa, D. C. rap. 
voy. 2. p. 78. 1808. fl. fr. 5. p. 601. icon, Gall. rar. fasc. 2. 
ined. Habit of S. lutea, but the flowers are larger and rose- 
coloured. 
Elegant Soapwort. F]. Jul. Aug. Clt. 1824. Pl. 5 to } ft. 
16 S. Lu`rea (Lin. spec. 585. exclusive of the synonyme of 
Bocc.) tufted; stems 2-leaved; flowers capitate, involucrated ; 
calyx cylindrical, woolly, with obtuse, short lobes ; petals obo- 
vate, entire, naked ; leaves linear, ciliated at the base, almost 
all radical. Y.-F. Native of the Alps of Vallais and Pied- 
mont on Mount Cenis. All. fl. ped. no. 1560. t. 23. f. 1. Co- 
rolla yellow. Stamens violaceous. Habit of Viscaria alpina. 
Yellow-flowered Soapwort. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1804. Pl. 
4 to } foot. 
17 S. BELLIDIFÒLIA (Smith, spic. bot. 5.) tufted ; stems 4- 
leaved; flowers capitate, dense; calyx terete, hairy; petals 
linear, crenate; leaves ovate-lanceolate, with waved margins. 
u.F. Native of the highest mountains in Italy and Calabria, 
&c. Portenschlag. pl. dalm. t. 7. f. 2.—Bocc. mus. p. 75. t. 
62. f. 1. Radical leaves, very like those of Globularia, Petals 
red. Stamens yellow. 
Daisy-leaved Soapwort. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1825. Pl. 1 to4 ft. 
Cult. All the species of Sapondria are very ornamental. 
The S. ocymoides is one of the most beautiful plants we have in 
our gardens, and is well adapted for ornamenting rock-work. 
Those species belonging to section Bolanthus require to be kept 
in pots, that they may be protected during winter by a frame. 
A mixture of sand, loam, and peat suits them best, and the pots 
should be well drained with potsherds. They are all easily 
increased by parting the plants at the root or by seed; young 
cuttings of the branching species, planted under a hand-glass, 
will root freely. The annual and biennial kinds only require to 
be sown in the open border in spring. 
V. CUCU’ BALUS (altered from Cacébolus, which is derived 
from xraxoc, kakos, bad, and (oXn, bole, a shoot or sprig, that is 
to say, a plant destructive of the soil, a bad plant, a weed. The 
English name of this plant, campion, is derived from campus, a 
field; in allusion to its being a pest in fields). Geert. fruct. 1. 
pP- 376. t. 77. f. 7. D.C. prod. 1. p. 367. 
Lin. syst. Decéndria, Trigynia. Calyx campanulate, 
5-toothed, naked. Petals 5, unguiculate, with a bifid limb. 
Capsules fleshy, l-celled. Habit of plant very near to some 
species of Silène, but differs from all in the fruit being a black 
erry. 
1 C. sa'cciFER (Lin. spec. 591.) branches divaricating ; leaves 
ovate ; calyx campanulate ; petals distant. %.H. Native of 
Europe in shady places, particularly in Tartary, Germany, 
France, Switzerland, and Italy. Mill. icon. t. 112. Smith, 
engl. bot. t. 1577. Lychnánthus volùbilis, Gmel. act. petrop. 
1759. vol. 14. p. 525. t. 17. f. 1. Siléne báceifera, Willd. 
spec. 2. p. 700. Petals white, serrated. Notwithstanding Sir 
J. E. Smith has rejected this plant as not being of British origin, 
see engl. fl. vol. 2. p. 290. we have seen it growing plentifully 
along with Silène inflata, by hedge sides, not far from Roslin 
Castle near Edinburgh, in the year 1817. 
Berry-bearing Campion. FI. May, Jul. Scotl. Pl. 1 to 2 ft. 
Cult. This plant is not worth cultivating, except in botanical 
gardens. Any common soil will suit it, and it may be either 
increased by seeds or by dividing the plants at the root. 
VI. SILENE (said to be derived from saìov, sialon, in 
allusion to the viscid frothy moisture on the stalks of many of 
the species, by which flies of the smaller kinds are entrapped, 
hence the English name of the genus, Catchfly. Du Theis 
deduces the name from the drunken god Silenus, whose name 
CARYOPHYLLEÆ. IV. Saponarra. V. Cucusatus. VI. SILENE. 
he supposes to have a similar origin). Lin. gen. no. 772, 
Geert. fr. 1. p. 376. t. 77. f. 7. D.C. prod. 1. p. 367. 
Lin. syst. Decándria, Trigynia. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, 
naked. Petals 5, bifid, unguiculate, usually crowned in the 
throat with as many bifid scales. Stamens 10. Styles 3. Cap- 
sules 3-celled at the base, ending in 6 teeth at the apex. 
Secr. I. NAnosiLENE (from nanus, dwarf, and Silene). 
Otth. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 367. Plants tufted. Stems 
almost wanting. Calyx somewhat inflated. Scapes or pedun- 
cles 1-flowered. 
1 S. acav'ris (Lin. spec. 603.) glabrous ; stems dense, hum- 
ble; leaves linear-lanceolate ; flowers dioecious from abortion ; 
peduncles solitary, short, 1-flowered; calyx campanulate ; 
petals obovate or obcordate. 2. H. Native of many parts of 
Europe on the Alps. In Britain on the summits of the loftiest 
mountains ; upon the steep and higher rocks of Snowden ; almost 
every where on all the elevated mountains of Scotland, and 
when in flower constitutes one of the most charming ornaments 
of the Scottish Alps. The plant has lately been found by 
Chamisso in the islands of Unalaschka, St. George, and St. Law- 
rence, on the west coast of America. Smith, engl. bot. t. 1081. 
Lightf. 227. t. 12. f.1. Fl. dan. t.21. Sims, bot. mag. 1881. 
All. ped. t. 79. f. 1. Flowers small, of an elegant rose-colour. 
Var. a, mas (D. C. prod. 1. p. 367.) flowers larger, on longer 
stalks; stamens protruding; ovary and styles abortive. S. 
acaúlis, Lin. spec. 603. D.C. fl. fr. 4. p. 749. 
Var. P, fæ'mina (D. C. prod. 1. p. 367.) flowers smaller, 
almost sessile; stamens abortive; styles protruding a long way. 
S. éxscapa, All. ped. no. 1584. t. 79. f. 2. S. acatlis Ê, &xscapa, 
D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 749. 
Var. y, elongàta (D. C. fl. fr. 4. p. 749.) peduncles elongated ; 
flowers male. . , 
Var. 6, parviflora (Otth. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 367.) pe- 
duncles wanting ; flowers small, female. : 
Var. e, álba (Otth. mss. and D.C. prod. 1. p. 367.) flowers 
white, growing along with var. a on the Scottish Alps. 
Var. č, plèna (Otth. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 367.) flawers 
large, of many petals. Native on mount Joms in the alps 0 
Rheetia. . 
Stemless Catchfly or Moss Campion. Fl. June, July. Bri- 
tain. Pl. 1 to 2 inches. 
2 S. Dina’rica (Spreng. syst. 2. p. 405.) stem tufted ; leaves 
linear, elongated, smooth; peduncles erect, pubescent ; calyx 
hairy, blackish; petals bifid. 4%. H. Native of Transylva- 
nia. Flowers white or red. S. depréssa, Baumg. 
Dinarian Catchfly. Pl. 4 foot. 
3 S. umro (Sturn. deutschl. fl. 1. fasc. 22. t. 11.) stems 
less dense than in S. acaúlis ; leaves linear-spatulate, rather 
pubescent; peduncles or scapes short, 1-flowered ; caly% ` 
flated, hairy. 4. H. Native of the alps of Germany. 126 
balus pumilio, Lin. mant. 71. Wulf in Jacq. coll. 2. p- i 
t. 10. Jacq. aust. 5. app. t.2. Flowers large ; petals obco 
date, crowned. airs 
Var. B, álba (Otth. mss. and D. C. prod. 1. p. 367.) flow 
white. Sturm. 1. c. 
Dwarf Catchfly. Fl. Ju. Aug. Clt. 1823. Pl. 2 to 3 inches- 
Secr. II. Benena’ntua (from Behen, the Bladder Cam- 
pion, av@oc, anthos, a flower; in allusion to the ar Sorgen 
the species contained in this section being bladdery). Otth. anie 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 3867. Caulescent. Flowers solitary OF P 
cled. Calyx inflated, bladdery. . 
* Petals jagged or fringed. 
4 S. prvprra‘ra (Sims, bot. mag. t. 980.) 
large, ovate-lanceolate, on long footstalks, 
t ; leaves 
ubescen 
P flowers 
undulated ; 
