466 
620. St. Hil. fl. bras, 1. p. 210. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 435. 
Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Polydndria. Calyx 5-cleft, girded 
by a 3-leaved involucel. Petals entire. Tube of stamens 
divided into fascicles at the apex. Styles connected at the base. 
Capsule girded by the permanent calyx. Carpels many, separable, 
bicuspidate, verticillate, 2-valved, opening internally. Seeds 2 in 
each cell. Creeping or trailing herbs. Leaves 3-9, but usually 
5-lobed, deeply serrate. Stipulas petiolar, twin. Peduncles 
axillary, solitary, rarely twin, 1-flowered, slender. Corolla vio- 
laceous or red. This genus has been lately separated by M. 
Auguste St. Hilaire from the genus Málva , we shall, therefore, 
retain the authorities for the species under that genus. 
1 M. re’prans (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 212. t. 43.) stem creep- 
ing; leaves 5-angled, profoundly 5-7-parted, cut; peduncles 
axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, longer than the leaves ; ovary very 
hairy, 14-16-celled. ©. H. Native of Brazil in the provinces 
of Cisplatine and Rio Grande do Sul, on rocks. Flowers red. 
Creeping Modiola. PI. creeping. 
2 M. Carotinia‘na (Lin. spec. 969.) leaves many-lobed, 
deeply toothed; pedicels solitary, shorter than the petioles; 
fruit crested. ©. H. Native of North America in fields 
from Virginia to Carolina. Cav. diss. 2. t. 15.—Dill. elth. t. 
4. f. 4. Schurhr. handb. 1. 
Stem prostrate, rooting. Lower leaves undivided. 
Carolina Modiola. FI. Jul. Sept. Clt. 1723. Pl. prostrate. 
3 M. urticiroria (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 5. p. 
276.) leaves roundish-ovate, acute, obsoletely cordate, deeply 
serrated, somewhat 9-lobed, rather pilose; pedicel solitary, 
shorter than the petioles; flowers decandrous; capsule of 15- 
hispid carpels. X4. G. Native of South America near Santa 
Fe de Bogota. Flowers violet, very like those of M: Caroli- 
nidna, 
Nettle-leaved Modiola. Fl. July, Sept. Pl. prostrate. 
4 M. prostra'ta (Cav. diss. 2. t. 16. f. 3.) leaves palmately 
5-7-lobed, deeply toothed ; pedicels solitary, rather longer than 
the leaves ; fruit glabrous; petals entire. ©.H. Native of 
Brazil at Monte Video by way sides. Sims, bot. mag. 2515. 
Flowers red. Ovary 14-16-celled. 
Prostrate Modiola. Fl. June, Aug. Clt. 1806. Pl. prostrate. 
5 M. grtoca’rea (D.C. prod. 1. p. 436.) leaves palmately 
5-lobed, deeply toothed ; pedicels in pairs, length of petioles ; 
fruit villous. %.G. Native about Buenos Ayres in the fields 
called the Pampas. Flowers red. 
Woolly-fruited Modiola. PÌ. prostrate. 
6 M. pecu’mBens (Willd. enum. 731.) leaves ovate, deeply 
toothed, somewhat lobed; pedicels longer than the petioles ; 
fruit villous ; petals entire. %. G. Native of South America. 
Flowers red. . 
Decumbent Modiola. Fl. Ju. Sept. Clt. 1815. Pl. decumbent. 
Cult. These plants will grow in any common garden-soil. 
They are all increased by seeds, which may be sown in the open 
border in April. The perennial kinds will require to be shel- 
tered during severe weather. 
Malva, sect. 4. Modiola, 
V. KITAIBE'LIA (in honour of Paul Kitaibel, formerly 
professor of botany at Pest in Hungary, who travelled through 
that country in search of plants; author of Plante Rariores 
Hungariz, 3 vol. fol. Pest, in conjunction with Waldstein.) Willd. 
nov. act. soc. n. Scrut. berl. 2. p. 107. t. 4. f. 4. D. C. prod. 
1. p. 436. Waldst. et Kit. hung. 1. p. 29. t. 31. 
Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Polydndria. Calyx 5-cleft, girded by 
a 7 or 9-cleft involucel. Carpels capsular, 1-seeded, collected 
into a 5-lobed head. A large strong herb, with white flowers. 
1 K. vitrrorra (Willd. l. c.) Y.H. Native of Hungary. 
Leaves 5-lobed, acute, toothed. Flowers axillary. 
l . 
Flowers dark red or vermilion. ` 
MALVACEHE. IV. Moprota. V. Krrarpenia. VI. ALTHEA. 
Vine-leaved Kitaibelia. Fl, July, Sep. Clt. 1801. Pl. 5 to 8 ft. 
Cult. This plant only requires to be planted in the open. 
border, and is increased by dividing at the root. 
VI. ALTH EA (from ad@w, altho, to cure ; in allusion to the 
well known salutary effects of Althea officinalis.) Cav. diss. 2. 
p- 91. D.C. prod. 1. p. 436. 
Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Polydndria. Calyx 5-cleft, girded 
by a 6 or 9-cleft involucel. Carpels capsular, 1-seeded, disposed 
into an orbicular head. Strong coarse plants, with the appear- 
ance of Mallow. 
Secr. I. Arru#a’srrum (an alteration from Althea.) D. C. 
prod. 1. p. 436. Althz'a, Lin. gen. no. 839. Lam. ill. t. 581. 
Carpels emarginate, destitute of membranaceous margins. In- 
volucel usually 8 or 9-cleft. 
1 A. orricina'tis (Lin. spec. 966.) leaves clothed with soft 
white tomentum on both surfaces, cordate or ovate, toothed, 
undivided or somewhat 5-lobed; peduncles axillary, many- 
flowered, much shorter than the leaves. Y%. H. Native of’ 
marshes, especially towards the sea-coast, in many parts of 
Europe. In Britain abundantly. Smith, engl. bot. t. .147. 
Woodv. t. 53. Fl. dan. 530. Cav. diss. 2. p. 93. t. 30. f. 2. 
Flowers of a delicate uniform blush-colour. , 
The whole plant, but especially the roots, abounds with muci- 
lage. The roots are about the thickness of a finger, long and 
fibrous. When peeled and dried, they are perfectly white ; and 
certain districts of France are celebrated for producing them m 
fine quality. They contain much mucilage, with saccharine 
principle. Dr. Duncan found that the decoction of the root 
reddens turnsole, and gelatinizes silicized potass. It is used as 
an emollient and demulcent in diseases attended with irritation 
and pain, as in various pulmonary complaints, and in affections 
of the alimentary canal and urinary organs; and it is applied 
externally in emollient fomentations, gargles, and clysters ; and 
a favourite lozenge is named from it, Pate de Gumauve. In 
France the plant is called Guimauve, mauve-qui, that is to say; 
Clammy Mallow. It was anciently called Malva-visca, on ac- 
count of the abundant mucilage in the roots. 
Offictnal Marsh-Mallow. FI. July, Sep. Britain. 
4 feet. 
2 A. Taurine’ysis (D. C. prod. 1. p. 436.) leaves clothed on 
both surfaces with soft white starry tomentum, trifid or rather 3- 
parted ; peduncles axillary, many-flowered, rather longer than 
the leaves, straight. 2%. H. Native on hills about Turm. 
A. officinalis 3, Willd. spec. 3. p. 771. Flowers blush-colour- 
ed. An intermediate species between A. officinalis and A. Nar- 
bonénsis. 
Taurin Marsh-Mallow. Fl. Jul. Sept. Clt. 1817. Pl. 3 to4 ft. 
3 A. Narpone’Nsis (Pourr. in Cav. diss. 2. p. 94. t. 29. f. 2.) 
leaves pubescent, somewhat tomentose, lower ones 5 or 7- 
lobed, upper ones 3-lobed ; peduncles many-flowered, lax, longer 
than the leaves. Yy. H. Native of France about Narbonne, 
and of Spain. Jacq. icon. rar. 1. t. 138. Asso, introd. in Oryct. 
arrag. 175, t. 5. f. 1. Flowers of a pale red colour. 
Narbonne Marsh-Mallow. Fl. Aug. Sept. Clt. 1780. Pl. 
3 to 6 feet. 
4 A. CANNABINA (Lin. spec. 966.) leaves pubescent, and 
somewhat hoary on the under surface, lower ones palmately- 
parted, upper ones $-parted; lobes narrow, and grossly toothed ; 
peduncles axillary, many-flowered, lax, longer than the leaves. 
%.H. Native of the south of France, Italy, and Hungary, 0? 
the margins of woods. Jacq. hort. vind. t. 124. aust. t. 101. 
Cav. diss. 2. p. 94. t. 30. f. 1. Flowers rose-coloured. 
Hemp-like Marsh-Mallow. Fl. June, July. Cit. 1597. Pl. 
5 or 6 feet. 
Pl. 3 to 
