540 
1 G. sEMPERFLO'RENS (Nees and 
Mart. l. c. p. 92. t. 7.) leaves ellip- 
tical, serrated at the apex ; flowers 
usually terminal ; involucel 6-cleft 
(f. 93.6.) h.S. Native of Brazil in 
woods nigh to the road to Felisbert, 
at the temple of Ferreira Campos. 
Involucrum brown. Flowers pur- 
plish, with a white disk. 
Ever-flowering Goethea. FI. 
year. Tree 30 feet. 
2 G. cCAULIFLÒRA (Nees and 
Mart. l. c. p. 93. t. 8.) leaves ob- 
long, quite entire; flowers rising 
laterally from the trunk ; involucel 
4-parted. h.S. Native of Bra- 
zil at the river called Ilheos, and 
in Maranham by river sides. 
Leaves large. Flowers with a 
scarlet involucel. We have seen this plant at Maranham in 
Brazil, or another species, which grows to a large tree. 
Stem-flowered Goethea. Fl. Dec. Shrub 4 feet. 
Cult. Goethéa is a genus of beautiful trees. A mixture of 
loam, sand, and peat, will suit them well, and young cuttings 
with their leaves on will root in sand under a hand-glass, in 
heat. 
FIG. 93. 
Orver XXXIV. TILIA'CEZ (plants agreeing with Tilia 
in important characters). Juss. gen. p. 290, exclusive of Genera, 
Kunth, malv. p. 14. nov. gen. amer, 5. p. 354. D.C. prod. 1. 
p. 503. 
Calyx usually naked on the outside, of 4-5 sepals (f. 94. a.), 
rarely of 4-7 lobes, valvate in æstivation. Petals equal in number 
to the sepals, and alternating with them (f. 94. b.), entire, usually 
foveolate at the claw, rarely absent. Stamens hypogynous, free, 
usually indefinite in numbers (f. 94. d.), rarely definite. An- 
thers oval or roundish, 2-celled, bursting lengthwise by a double 
chink. Glands equal in number to the petals, and opposite 
them, adhering to the stipe of the ovary. Ovary 1, constantly 
composed (f. 94. g.) of 2-10 closely joined carpels, crowned by 
an equal number of styles, which are joined together in 1, ter- 
minated by as many, usually free, stigmas (f. 94. g.). Capsule 
many-celled (f. 94. f.) ; cells many-seeded (f. 94. f.). Albumen 
fleshy, rarely wanting. Embryo straight, with flat, leafy cotyle- 
dons. This order differs from Malvaceae, Bombacea, Stercu- 
hacee, and Byttneridcea, in the filaments being free; from Elæo- 
cdrpe@ in the petals being entire, not fringed, nor lobed, in the 
anthers being oval or roundish, not filiform and tetragonal, in 
bursting lengthwise, not by an oblong pore at the apex of the 
cells, as in that order. The order is composed of herbs, shrubs, 
and trees. Some of them are remarkable for their beauty, with 
alternate, simple, bistipulate leaves, which are usually serrate or 
toothed, and axillary, solitary, racemose or panicled flowers. 
The Lime Tilia, from which the order derives its name, is a 
genus of fine trees, with fragrant flowers, the inner bark of 
which is tough and separable, and supplies the material whence 
the Russia mats, used by gardeners and others, are prepared. 
Cérchorus olitérius is cultivated in Egypt as a garden vegetable; 
BYTTNERIACEZH. XXXIV. GoETHEA. 
TILIACE Æ. 
the fibres of the bark of Córchorus capulàris are twisted into 
fishing-lines, and the roasted nuts of the lime tree are reported 
to bear some resemblance to chocolate. The Sparmánnia and 
Enteléa are elegant, broad, maple-leaved, green-house shrubs. 
The seeds retain their power of vegetation for many years. 
Synopsis of the Genera. 
1 Sparma’nnra. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens numerous, 
intermixed with sterile threads. Capsule echinated, 6-valved, 6- 
celled; cells 2-seeded. 
2 Enrere‘a. Sepals and petals 4-5. Stamens numerous, 
all fertile, not intermixed with sterile threads. Capsule sphe- 
rical, echinated, half 6-valved, 6-celled, many-seeded. 
3 Hetioca’rpus. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 12-20. 
Style 1, bifid, with recurved segments. Capsule stipitate, some- 
what compressed, radiated lengthwise on all sides, 2-valved, 2- 
celled, 2-seeded. 
4 Anticno’rus. Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 8. Style 1. 
Capsule awl-shaped, 4-valved, 4-celled ; cells many-seeded. 
5 Co’rcHorus. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens numerous. 
Style almost wanting. Stigmas 2-5. Capsule awl-shaped or 
roundish, 2-5-valved, 2-5-celled ; valves with a dissepiment in 
the middle of each. Seeds in 2 series. 
6 Honcxe'nya. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 8, with nu- 
merous capillary threads. Style crowned by a 6-toothed stigma ? 
Capsule echinated, 5-valved, 5-celled. Valves with a dissepi- 
ment in the middle of each. Seeds numerous, arillate. 
7 Trrumre’tta, Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 10-30, 
sometimes a little connected at the base. Style 1. Carpels 2-4, 
closely joined together into a head, echinated by bristles, which 
are hooked at the apex. Seeds twin, or solitary in the cells. 
8 Po’rpa. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens 26-30, 
girded by a membranous ring. Style 1, crowned by a 3-tooth- 
ed stigma. Capsule hairy, 8-celled ; cells 1-seeded. 
9 Grewia. Sepals 5. Petals 5, with a scale at the base of 
each on the inside. Stamens numerous, rising from the apex of 
the torus. Anthers roundish. Style 1, crowned by a 4-lobed 
stigma. Drupe 4-lobed, containing 2-4 nuts, which are 2- 
celled and 2-seeded, rarely 1-seeded. 
10 Mr’crocos. Sepals 5. Petals 5, destitute of scales on 
the inside. Stamens numerous, inserted on the top of the torus. 
Anthers roundish. Style crowned by a bluntish stigma. 
11 Vince’nt1a. Sepals and petals 5, the last bifid. Stamens 
numerous. Style crowned by a 4-lobed stigma. Capsule glo- 
bose, indehiscent, containing 4 4-celled nuts, or from abortion 
only 1-celled and 1-seeded. 
12 Corv’mBIA. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens numerous. 
Style 1. Torus pentagonal. Fruit globose, 4-celled, 4- 
winged, but perhaps composed of 2 2-winged, 2-seeded carpels. 
13 Titra. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5. Stamens numerous, 
free, or somewhat polyadelphous. Ovary globose, villous, 1- 
styled, 5-celled ; cells 2-seeded. Nut coriaceous, 1-celled, 1-2- 
seeded from abortion. 
14 Browntowia. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 5, with 5 linear 
