TILIACEZ. XIII. Tua: XIV. Browntow1a. 
Lithuania there are large forests chiefly of this tree. The honey 
produced in these forests sells at more than double the price of 
any other, and is used exclusively in medicine, and for mixing in 
liqueurs. 
European Lime-tree. Fl. July. Britain. Tree 60 feet. 
3 T. rvu'sra (D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 150.) leaves cordate, 
unequal at the base, hairy beneath, as well as the petioles, with 
a tuft of hair at the origin of each vein; fruit globose, even. 
hk.H. Native of Tauria, and probably of Greece. In England 
in Stoken Church woods, and at Malmsbury. T. triflora, Puer. 
in Horn. cat. 2. p. 493. T. Corinthiaca, Bosc. dict. agr. 13. p. 
139. T. corallina, Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 229. T. 
Europea, b. rùbra, Sibth. oxon. 166. T. Europæ'a y, Smith, fl. 
br. 571. T. Europæa, Mill. dict. ed. 8. no. 2. Branches red. 
Flowers fragrant. Petals yellowish. This is a good tree to 
plant in avenues for effect as well as timber. 
Red-twigged Lime-tree. Fl. June, July. Britain. Tree 66 ft. 
4 T. PLATYPHYLLA (Scop. carn. no. 641.) leaves cordate, 
roundish, acuminated, sharply serrated, downy beneath; origin 
of their veins woolly; branches hairy; umbels 3-flowered ; 
fruit woody, downy, turbinate, with 5 prominent angles. h.H. 
Native of Europe in mountain woods. In England in woods and 
hedges, particularly in Surrey about Dorking and Streatham. 
Vent. diss. p. 6. t. 1. f. 2. T. cordifolia, Bess. gal. 1. p. 343. 
T. Europea, Desf. cat. 152. Bull. fr. t. 175. p.18. T. grandi- 
folia, Ehrh. beitr. 5. p. 158. arb. 8. Smith, engl. fl. 3. Flowers very 
fragrant. Petals yellowish. , T. platyphylla is the wild lime-tree 
of Switzerland and the south of Europe, as T. Europe'a is in 
the north. Mr. E. Forster remarks that T. grandif dlia occurs 
in very old plantations in England, as frequently as the T. Eu- 
rope a, but not in modern ones. There are very large trees of 
it at Penshurst, and some at Waltham Abbey, the plantation of 
which is of very ancient date. Mrs. Beecroft brought a speci- 
men from Blair of Athol, where are several trees near the house. 
Some famous old trees of this species in the Church-yard of 
Sedlitz, in Bohemia, are reported to have miraculously borne 
hooded leaves ever since the monks of the neighbouring convent 
were all hanged upon them. 
Broad-leaved Lime-tree. Fl. June, J uly. Britain. Tree 60 ft. 
§ 2. Petals furnished each mith a scale on the inside at the 
base.—Mostly American species. 
5 T. cra‘sra (Vent. diss. p. 9. t. 2.) leaves profoundly cor- 
date, abruptly acuminate, sharply serrated, somewhat coriaceous, 
smooth ; petals truncate and crenate at the apex, equal in length 
to the style; fruit ovate, somewhat ribbed. h.H. Native of 
North America in the woods of Canada, and the northern United 
States. T. Americana, Lin. spec. 733. Wat. dend. brit. t. 134. S. 
Caroliniana, Wangh. amer. p. 56. T. Canadénsis, Michx. fl. bor. 
amer. 1. p. 306. Flowers yellowish and fragrant. This tree 
is known in North America by the name of Lime or Line-tree, 
Basswood, and Spoonwood. The wood is useful, and the tree is 
ornamental. 
Smooth or Black Lime-tree. 
50 feet. 
6 T. raxirréra (Mich. fl. bor. amer. 1. p. 306.) leaves cor- 
date, gradually acuminated, serrated, membranaceous, smooth ; 
panicles loose ; petals emarginate, shorter than the style; fruit 
globose. h. H. Native of North America from Maryland to 
eorgia, near the sea-coast. A very distinct species, though 
_ Senerally confounded with T. glabra. Flowers yellowish-white, 
Sweet-scented. 
Loose-flowered Lime-tree. Fl. May, Jul. Clt. 1820. Tr. 50 ft. 
+ PUBE'scENs (Ait. hort. kew. ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 219.) leaves 
truncate at the base, somewhat cordate and oblique, denticulately 
serrated, pubescent beneath ; petals emarginate, shorter than 
VOL. L— PART. VI. - 
Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1752. Tree 
553 
the style ; fruit globose, even. h. H. Native of North Ame- 
rica from Virginia to Georgia, in close copses, and on the banks 
of rivers. Vent. diss. p. 10. t. 3. Duh. ed. nov. t..51. Michx. 
fl. arb. amer. 3. p. 318. T. Caroliniana, Mill. dict. no. 4. T. 
Americana, Walt. fl. carol. p. 153. Wats. dend. brit. 135. The 
leaves of this tree are much smaller than in the rest of the Ame- 
rican species. Flowers yellowish, and very fragrant, crowded. 
Var. B, leptophylla (Vent. diss. p. 11.) leaves very thin, with 
a few fine serratures. T. Mississipénsis, Desf. hort. par. This 
will probably prove a distinct species. 
Pubescent-leaved Lime-tree. Fl. July, Aug. Clt. 1726. Tree 
40 feet. 
8 T. HETEROPHY'LLA (Vent. diss. p. 16. t. 5.) leaves ovate, 
downy beneath, sometirnes cordate at the base, sometimes ob- 
liquely or equally truncate ; fruit globose, with 5 ribs. h. H. 
Native of North America on the banks of the Ohio and Missis- 
sippi. T. alba, Michx. fil. arb. amer. 3. p. 315. t. 2. Perhaps 
also of Hort. kew. A very handsome and desirable ornamental 
tree. Flowers yellowish, fragrant. There is a species cultivated 
in Mexico which is probably identical with this. 
Various-leaved or White American Lime-tree. Fl. June, July. 
Clt. 1811. Tree 50 feet. 
9 T. arsa (Waldst. et Kit. pl. hung. 1. p. 3. t. 3.) leaves 
cordate, somewhat acuminated, and rather unequal at the base, 
serrated, clothed with white down beneath, but smooth above, 
4 times longer than the petioles ; fruit ovate, with 5 obscure ribs. 
h. H. Native of Hungary. Wats. dend. brit. t. 71. T. ar- 
géntea, Desf. hort. par. and D. C. cat. hort. monsp. p. 150. T. 
rotundifòlia, Vent. diss. p. 13. t. 4. Duham. ed. nov. t. 52. T. 
tomentòsa, Moench. weiss. 136. Flowers yellowish, and very 
fragrant. 
White European or Silvery Lime-tree. Cit. 
1767. Tree 50 feet. 
10 T. reriona'ris (D. C. prod. 1. p. 514.) leaves cordate, 
acuminated, twice the length of the petioles, serrated, smooth 
above, but white beneath from close pressed down, k. H. 
Native ? cultivated in the gardens of Odessa. Flowers yellowish. 
Petiolar-leaved Lime-tree. Fl. June, July. Tree 50 feet. 
Cult. All the species are desirable for avenues and parks ; 
intermixed they will insure a longer succession of blossoms, and 
an agreeable variety, than any of them alone. The species will 
grow in almost any kind of soil; they are easily increased by 
layers, which should be layed in the autumn, but if seeds can be 
procured this will be unnecessary, as trees raised from seed are 
far preferable to those struck from layers. In order to obtain 
proper shoots for laying, a tree is cut down quite closẹ to 
the ground, from the roots of which a great number of shoots 
are produced the following year; these will be strong enough 
to lay down the following autumn, especially if the smallest of 
them are cut off close early in the summer. 
Fl. June, Aug. 
XIV. BROWNLO'WIA (in honour of the late Lady Brown- 
low, daughter of Sir Abraham Hume, a great admirer of bo- 
tany.) Roxb. cor. 3. p. 61. t. 265. 
Liv. syst. Polydndria,Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 
5. Nectaries 5, linear around the style. Style and stigma simple. 
Stamens numerous, united at the base, inserted round the apex 
of a turbinate receptacle. Capsule of 1-5, 2-valved, 1-2-seeded ` 
carpels. A tree 15 feet in circumference, with large cordate, 
acute, 7-nerved, smooth leaves. ; 
1 B. erara (Roxb. cor. l. c.) h.S. Native of the East 
Indies. Panicle terminal, conical, spreading. Flowers yellow. 
Tall Brownlowia. Clt. 1823. Tree 100 feet. 
Cult. This is a tree of great beauty. It will thrive well in 
a mixture of loam and peat; and cuttings will root in sand under 
a hand-glass, in heat. 
4B 
