580 OLACINE. 
100. d.). Appendages hair-formed or filiform, simple (f. 100. 
d.), or bifid, rising from the disk of the petals or near the mar- 
gins of them (f. 100. c.). Stamens 3 (f. 100. b.) to 10, hypogy- 
nous (f. 100. b.) or epipetalous; filaments compressed, awl- 
shaped ; anthers cordate-oblong, erect, 2-celled ; ovary free, 1 
(f. 100. 7.) -4-celled; cells 1-seeded. Style 1, filiform (f. 100. e.). 
Fruit somewhat drupaceous, indehiscent, girded by the large 
fleshy calyx, 1-celled, 1-seeded from abortion (f. 100. h. 7.). 
Seed pendulous, umbilicate at the base. Albumen fleshy, large. 
Embryo small, enclosed in the albumen, egg-shaped, basilar, with 
the radicle directed towards the umbilicus, and with continuous 
cotyledons. Smooth trees or shrubs, with simple, stalked, al- 
ternate, exstipulate, entire leaves, rarely without, and small axil- 
lary flowers. The place which this order should occupy in the 
natural system is extremely doubtful. If the calyx is to be 
considered an involucre and the petals a calyx, then Olacinee 
must come in the subclass Monochlamydee, not far from San- 
talacee, but if the corolla and calyx are admitted the order comes 
into subclass Calyciflire, not far from Sapòteæ, but if the petals 
are to be considered as distinct or variously joined, Olacinee@ must 
be admitted into subclass Thalamiflore. 
Synopsis of the Genera. 
§ 1. Petals twice the number of the antheriferous stamens. 
1 O'zax. Calyx entire. Petals 6, joined to the middle by 
pairs. Appendages 6, filiform, bifid. Stamens 3, adnate with 
each other and with the petals. 
2 Srerma’xyrum. Calyx entire (f. 100. a.), not enlarging. 
Petals 5, 4 of which are joined to the middle by pairs, and 
with the stamens, the middle one free. Appendages filiform, 
simple (f. 100. d.). Stamens 3 (f. 100. b.), 2 of which are 
adnate to the petals, the third free (f. 100. b.). 
3 Fissrt1a. Calyx entire, enlarged. Petals 5, 4 of which are 
joined by pairs and with the stamens, the fifth free. Appendages 
filiform, simple. Stamens 3, 2 of which are adnate to the petals, 
the third free. 
§ 2. Stamens double the number of the petals. 
4 Hersre‘ria. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 5, distinct. Stamens 
10. Style crowned by a trifid stigma. 
5 Ximenia. Calyx 4-cleft. Petals 4, hairy inside, con- 
niving at the base, revolute at the top. Stamens 8. 
6 Geta. Calyx 4-toothed. Petals 4, linear, smooth. 
Stigma bifid. 
Sta- 
mens 8. 
t Genera not sufficiently known. 
7 Pseupare'sa. Calyx nearly entire. Petals 3, conniving 
into a tube. Stamens 6, adnate to the petals. Appendages 
filiform, bifurcate, on each side of the petals. 
8 Pseupargtoipes. Calyx small, entire. 
qual, conniving at the base. 
9 Icacina. Calyx 5-cleft. 
crowned by a truncate stigma. 
Petals 4, une- 
Stamens 6, adnate to the petals. 
Petals 5. Stamens 5. Style 
I. Ovax. 
II, SpeRMAXYRUM. 
§ 1. Petals double or about double the number of the anthe- 
riferous stamens. 
I. OLAX (so called, as Linnzeus informs us, from odaé, olaz, 
a furrow, but how it applies to the plant we are not informed ; 
nor is the difficulty of the question lessened by the name being 
ranged in Phil. Bot. among those which allude to the medicinal 
effects of the plants that bear them). Lin. amæn. 1. p. 387. 
Geert. fruct. 3. p.119.t.201. D. C. prod. 1. p. 531. 
Lin. syst. Tridndria, Monogynia. Calyx small, entire, 
becoming large and baccate after flowering. Petals 6, joined to 
the middle by pairs, or 3 semibifid ones, with 6 bifid, filiform 
appendages, one of which is inserted in the disk of each of the 
petals. Stamens 3; filaments connected with the petals, and 
therefore bear an ovate anther between each fissure. Drupe 
dry, 1-seeded, surrounded by the calyx. Flowers in axillary 
racemes. Leaves entire, ovate-oblong, 1-nerved, entire. 
1 O. Zeyza’nica (Lin. spec. 49.) leaves ovate, pointed, 
smooth; branches angular, flaccid; stem unarmed. kh. S. 
Native of Ceylon. Vahl. symb. 3. p. 7. Flowers white. 
Ceylon Olax. Tree 20 feet. 
2 O. sca‘npENS (Roxb. cor. 2. p. 102.) leaves elliptical, ob- 
tuse, pubescent beneath; branches round, climbing ; stem armed 
with strong prickles. h . U.S. Native of Coromandel. Flowers 
white, with yellow appendages. Drupe yellow. 
Climbing Olax. Fl. year. Clt.1820. Shrub cl. 
3 O. imprica'ra (Roxb. in fl. ind. 1. p. 169.) climbing; leaves 
bifarious ; ovate-lanceolate or oblong, entire, glossy ; racemes 
axillary, bifariously imbricated before the flowers expand ; drupes 
ovate. h. u. S. Native of the East Indies at Chittagong. 
Flowers white, with yellowish appendages. 
Imbricated-racemed Olax. FI. July. 
climbing. 
4 O. ostu'sa (Blum. bijdr. ex Schlecht. Linnza. 1. p. 663.) 
shrubby ; leaves bifarious, ovate or oval-oblong, very blunt, 
pubescent beneath as well as the terete branches; spikes axil- 
lary, very short, bifariously imbricated before expansion ; drupe 
globose. h. S. Native of Java. 
Obtuse-leaved Olax. Shrub climbing. 
Cult. The species of O'lax will thrive well in a mixture of 
loam and sand; and cuttings will strike root in sand under a 
hand-glass, in heat. 
Clt. 1820. Shrub 
II. SPERMA’XYRUM (from ozeppa, sperma, a seed, 
ačvpa, axyra, an anchor. The umbilicle funicle is of the form 
of an anchor). Lab. nov. holl. 2. p. 84.—Oláx, R. Brown, prod. 
1. p. 258.—D. C. prod 1. p. 352. 
Lin. syst. Triándria, Monogynia. Calyx small, entire, not 
enlarging after flowering (f. 100. h.). Petals 5, 4 of which 
are united to the middle by pairs, as well as to the filaments of 
stamens, both are therefore semibifid, the fifth is unconnected 
and entire. Appendages or nectaries simple, filiform (f. 100. 
d.). Stamens 3, 2 of which adhere to the joined petals, the 
third is free (f. 100. b.). Ovary 1-celled, containing 3 ovule ; 
ovule hanging from the apex of the central, filiform column. 
Drupe dry, 1-seeded (f. 100. ¿). Leaves in 2 rows, and are 
arranged along the branches as if they were the leaflets of a 
pinnate leaf, disposed on their petiole. Flowers small, sometimes 
polygamous from abortion. 
§ 1. Phyllanthoidee (Phylidnthus and idea, like; plants 
mith the habit of Phyllénthus). D.C. prod. 1. p. 533. Leaves 
disposed in 2 rows along the branches. Peduncles 1-flowered. 
