GUTTIFERZ. VIII. Mammea. 
among the best timber trees ; that the fruit is large and agree- 
able, but too strong and gross for a weakly stomach, leaving 
a bitterness behind it, that continues for a considerable time 
upon the palate, containing 4 large, oblong, angular seeds, 
having as many kernels of the same shape. 
American Mammee-apple. Clt. 1739. Tree 60 feet. 
2 M. emarcina'ta (Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon. ined. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 561.) leaves obovate, very blunt, emarginate, 
at the apex ; fruit globose, 2-seeded. h.S. Native of Mexico. 
Fruit like that of the preceding, but smaller, eatable. Flowers 
whitish. 
Emarginate-leaved Mammee-apple. Tree 40 feet. 
3 M. nu‘minis (Vahl. ecl. 2. p. 40.) leaves acute ; peduncles 
longer than the petioles; berry 3-seeded. h. S. Native of 
Montserrat. Fruit eatable ? 
Dwarf Mammee-apple. Tree. 
4 M. Arrica‘na (Hort. trans. lond. vol. 5. p. 457.) leaves 
oblong, acuminated ; fruit large, round. h. S. Native of 
Sierra Leone on the mountains. A large tree, with long, shining, 
dark-green leaves, abounding in a yellow resinous gum. The 
wood is applied to many useful purposes. The fruit is twice 
the size of a man’s fist, the rind is brown and thick, the pulp is 
yellow, of equal excellence to that of the American Mammee-apple. 
African Mammee-apple. Tree 60 feet. 
Cult. Mamméa is a genus of fine fruit-trees. They will 
grow freely in sandy loam, or a mixture of loam and peat; ripe 
cuttings, with the leaves not shortened, will root in sand under a 
and-glass, in a moist heat. They all require a strong heat to 
thrive well. 
IX. PENTADE’SMA (from evre, pente, five, and ceopn, 
esme, a bundle ; in allusion to the stamens being disposed in 
5 bundles). Hort. trans. lond. vol. 5. po. 
Lin. sysr. Polyadélphia, Polyándria. Calyx of 4 to 5 
permanent sepals. Petals deciduous. Stamens numerous, con- 
nected into 5 bundles. Style 1. Berry large, fleshy, crowned 
by the rudiment of the style. Seeds 3-5, large, angular.—A 
ofty tree, abounding in yellow greasy juice, with long, lan- 
ceolate, coriaceous leaves. 
rial BUTYRA'CEA (Hort. trans, lond. vol. 5. p. 457.) R.S. 
oierije of Sierra Leone in the low lands. This tree grows to 
real of 40 or 60 feet, but produces its flowers when 20 
hinne a The leaves are entire, lanceolate, coriaceous, smooth, 
ý let he fruit is about the size of the common Mammee- 
PP le, Inversely pear-shaped, being pointed at the apex, it con- 
ns from 3-5 large, angular, brown seeds; the rind is rough, 
coarse, and of a dark-brown colour. The yellow greasy juice, 
kat h the tree derives its vernacular name, is given out 
Natives Ain the fruit is cut or opened ; it is mixed by the 
seti lerra Leone with their food, but it is not used by 
o tas on account of a strong turpentine flavour which 
butter > toh we believe that the juice is that which the country 
Owers are t to the market of Freetown is made of. The 
utter a IR large and shewy, and probably reddish. 
Cult n allow-tree. Fl. Jan. Cit. 1822. Tree 60 feet. 
count of i ‘ tree is extremely difficult to transplant, on ac- 
The root e long tap root, which, if broken or cut, will kill it. 
a. must have sufficient depth of mould to enable it to 
heat to Alon the plant will not live. It requires a strong moist 
ripened in well. A mixture of loam and peat suits it best, 
bably root i Cuttings, with their leaves not shortened, will pro- 
tm sand under a hand-glass, in a moist heat. 
X. . , 
in k EE'DIA (in honour of Henry Rheede Van Draaken- 
Mala Ş governor of a Dutch establishment on the coast of 
; author of Hortus Malabaricus in 10 vols. folio). Lin. 
IX. PENTADESMA. 
X. Rueepira. XI. GARCINIA. 
619 
gen. 641. Juss. gen. p. 258. D. C. prod. 1. p. 564.—Van 
Rhéedia, Plum. gen. 45. 
Lin. syst. Polydndria, Monogynia. Calyx none. Petals 
4, Stamens numerous, with oblong anthers. Style 1. Stigma 
funnel-shaped. Berry ovate, 1-celled. Seeds 2-3; ovate-oblong, 
fleshy, thick, imbedded in the pulp.—Trree with opposite, blunt, 
stalked leaves. 
1 R. rarerirora (Lin. spec. 719.). h. S. Native of Mar- 
tinico.—Burm. amer. t. 257. Leaves large, oblong; peduncles 
axillary, 3-flowered. 
Lateral-flowered Rheedia. Tree. 
2 R. Java’nica (Hort. kew. Loud. hort. brit. p. 214.). h. S. 
Native of Java. Leaves large, obovate, blunt. 
Java Rheedia. Clt. 1820. Tree. 
Cult. These fine broad-leaved trees will thrive well in a 
mixture of loam, peat, and sand; and ripened cuttings will root 
in sand under a hand-glass, in a moist heat. 
XI. GARCI’NIA (in honour of Laurence Garcin, M.D. a 
French botanist, and traveller in India, author of numerous bo- 
tanical memoirs). Lin. gen. 594. Juss. gen. 256.—Garcinia and 
Cambogia, Lin. and Juss.—Mangostana, Geert. Garcinia species, 
Chois. in D. C. prod. 1. p. 566. 
Lin. syst. Polydndria, Monogynia. Calyx bractless, of 4 per- 
manent sepals. Petals 4, deciduous. Stamens 12-20, free, de- 
ciduous; filaments short; anthers adnate, 2-celled, bursting 
lengthwise behind. Style short, crowned by a 4-8-lobed stigma. 
Fruit fleshy, 4-8-celled; cells 1-seeded, crowned by the perma- 
nent stigmas.-—Trees with hermaphrodite or monoecious flowers, 
usually solitary at the tops of the branches. 
1 G. Mancosta‘na (Lin. spec. 635.) leaves elliptic-oblong, 
acuminated ; flowers terminal, solitary; corolla red; stigma 6- 
8-lobed; berry very beautiful and eatable; pericarp spongy. 
h.S. Native of the Molucca Islands, whence it has been trans- 
planted to Java and Malacca.—Plench. icon. t. 360.—Rumph. 
amb. 1. p. 132. t. 43.—Gare. phil. trans, vol. 38. p. 232. abr. 8. 
p. 755. t. 8. Mangostana Garcinia, Geert. fruct. 2. t. 105. The 
Mangostan rises with an upright stem near 20 feet high, sending 
out many branches on each side, which are opposite. ‘The trunk 
is full of cracks. The leaves are entire, about 7 or 8 inches 
long, and about half as much in breadth at the middle, gradually 
tapering to both ends, of a shining green above, but of an olive 
colour beneath. The flower resembles a single rose, composed 
of 4 roundish petals, which are thick at the base, but thinner to- 
wards the margins; they are of a dark-red colour. The fruit 
is round, about the size of a middling orange, and is crowned by 
. the broad peltate-lobed stigma; the rind is like that of the po- 
megranate, but softer, thicker, and fuller of juice ; it is green at 
first, but changes to a dark-brown, with some yellowish spots ; 
the inside is of a rose-colour, and is divided into several cells 
by their partitions, as in oranges, in which the seeds are lodged, 
surrounded by a soft juicy pulp, of a delicious flavour, partaking 
of the strawberry and the grape, and is esteemed one of the 
richest fruits in the world. The trees naturally grow in the form 
of a parabole, and the branches being well garnished with large 
shining green leaves, they have an elegant appearance, and 
afford a kindly shade in hot countries, therefore are worthy of 
cultivation in all those countries where there is warmth enough 
i he fruit. 
o Itis esteemed the most delicious of the East Indian fruits, 
and a great deal of it may be eaten without any inconvenience ; 
it is the only fruit which sick people are allowed to eat without 
scruple. It is given with safety almost in every disorder, and 
it is said that the late Dr. Solander, in the last stage ofa putrid 
fever at Batavia, found himself insensibly recovering by sucking 
this delicious and refreshing fruit. The pulp has a most happy 
4x 2 
