SAPINDACE#. IX. Prosrza. 
ovary. Ovary deeply 4-lobed; lobes roundish, 3-celled ; cells 
l-ovulate. Fruit indehiscent, 1-lobed from abortion, fleshy. 
l-celled.—A tree with impari-pinnate, exstipulate leaves. 
Flowers fasciculate, in compound racemes. Petals pilose. 
1 P. prnnwa‘ta (Cabess. l. c.) h. S. Native of Guinea. 
Ornitrophe pinnata, Poir. 8. p. 266. Schmidélia pinata, D. C. 
prod. 1. p. 611. Leaves with 6-7 pairs of smoothish, oblong- 
acuminated leaflets. Petioles and branchlets pubescent. 
Pinnate-leaved Prostea. Tree. 
Cult. Loam and peat will suit this tree, and ripe cuttings 
will root in sand under a hand-glass, in heat. 
X. LEPISA’NTHES (from Aezte, lepis, a scale, and avSoc, 
anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the scales on the petals). Blum. 
bijdr. 137 and 238. Cambess. in mem. mus. 18. p. 25. 
lin. syst. Octéndria, Monogynia. Calyx of 4 sepals, some- 
what unequal, imbricate. Petals 4-5, a little longer than the 
calyx, each furnished with a scale on the inside. Disk emargi- 
nate, girding the genitals. Stamens 8, very short, approximating 
the pistil. Ovary trigonal, 3-celled; cells 1-ovulate. Style 
‘almost wanting. Stigma obtuse. Drupe? tetragonal, contain- 
ing a 3-celled, 3-seeded nucleus.—A tree with abruptly-pinnate 
waves ; leaflets nearly opposite. Racemes simple, axillary, and 
teral, 
1 L. monta'na (Blum. 1. c.) h.S, Native of Java. 
Mountain Lepisanthes. Tree. 
Cult. A mixture of Joam and sand will suit this tree, and 
ripened cuttings will root in sand under a hand-glass, in heat. 
XI. SAPI’NDUS (a syncope of Sapo-Indicus, Indian-soap. 
he aril which surrounds the seetls of S. saponaria is used as 
or South America). Lin. gen. no. 499. D.C. prod. 1. 
Lin. sysr, Octo-Decdndria, Monoginia. Calyx 5-parted. 
Petals 5, naked on the inside, or furnished with a scale above 
the claw. Disk occupying the bottom of the calyx, regular, en- 
tire or crenulated. Stamens 8-10, inserted between the margin 
of the disk and ovary. Style crowned by a 3 rarely 2-lobed 
stigma. Fruit fleshy, 1-2-lobed from abortion, rarely 3-lobed ; 
lobes roundish, indehiscent, 1-2-seeded from abortion, rarely 3- 
Seeded. Seeds without aril. . Embryo curved or straight.— 
rees with exstipulate, impari or abruptly-pinnate leaves, or 
om abortion having only one leaflet ; leaflets opposite or alter- 
hate. Racemes disposed in terminal panicles. Berries all red and 
*aponaceous, dnd may be used in the same manner as those of 
* Saponaria. Flowers small, white, or greenish-white. 
* Rachis winged. 
of pe s SAPONA`RIA (Lin. spec. 526. exclusive of the synonyme 
„t tuk.) rachis of leaves decurrent, broadly winged ; leaflets 
Li entire, lanceolate, 3-4 pairs, with an odd one, which is ter- 
nated by a long point; panicles terminal ; fruit round. p. S. 
rica. R of the Caribbee Islands and various parts of South Ame- 
small wz et Pav. fl. per. 4, t. 341.—Comm. hort. 1. t. 94. Flowers 
aslar and White. These are succeeded by oval or round berries 
togethe as cherries, sometimes single, at others 3 or 4 are joined 
stout er ; these have a saponaceous skin, which incloses a very 
nuts we roundish nut, of a shining-black when ripe. These 
some ere formerly brought to England for buttons to waistcoats, 
e were tipped with gold, and others with different metals ; 
The skin very durable, as they did not wear, and seldom broke. 
to w end pulp which surround the nuts are used in America 
ash linen, but it is very apt to burn and destroy it if often 
» being of a very acrid nature. The seed vessels, according 
in wat rowne, are very detersive and acrid ; they lather freely 
er, and will cleanse more linen than sixty times their 
VOL. I.— PART. VII. 
X. Leptsantues. XI. Sarixpus. 665 
weight of soap; but they are observed to corrode or burn the 
linen in time, and the water in which the tops or leaves have 
been steeped or boiled has the same quality in some degree. 
The seeds are round and hard, have a fine polish, and are fre- 
quently made into buttons and beads among the Spaniards. The 
whole plant, especially the seed-vessels, being pounded and 
steeped in ponds, rivulets, or creeks, are observed to intoxicate 
and kill fish. 
Common Soap-Berry. Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1697. Tree 20 ft. 
2 S. Marcina‘tus (Willd. enum. 432.) rachis of leaves with a 
narrow margin at the top; leaflets 6 pairs, lanceolate. bh. G. 
Native of Georgia and Carolina on the sea-coast. S. saponaria, 
Michx. fl. amer. bor. 1. p. 242. Fruit possessing the same 
qualities as those of the preceding species. Flowers small, 
white. 
Marginate-petioled Soap-Berry. 
Tree 12 feet. 
3 S. Forsy'run (D. C. prod. 1. p. 607.) rachis of leaves with 
a narrow wing; leaflets quite entire, coriaceous, on very short 
petioles, elliptical, tapering to both ends, 3-5 pairs. b. S. 
Native of the Island of Granada on the sea-beach. The leaves 
when bruised have a smell like that of garlic. Fruit globose, pos- 
sessing the same quality as that of the first species. Flowers 
small, white, numerous, disposed in dense terminal panicles. 
Forsyth’s Soap-Berry. Fl. July, Sept. Clt.? Shrub 8 feet. 
4 S. sreno’prerus (D.C. prod. 1. p. 607.) rachis of leaves 
with a very narrow wing; leaflets 4 or 5 pairs, quite entire, 
coriaceous, ovate-oblong, and very much acuminated. h.S. 
Native of St. Domingo. Panicle terminal, loose. Flowers 
small, white. Very like §. rigidus, but differs in the petiole being 
winged and smooth. 
Narrow-ninged-petioled Soap-Berry. Shrub 10 feet. 
5 S. microca’rea (Ruiz et Pav. fl. per. 4. t. 341.) leaves 
abruptly-pinnate, with 3-4 pairs of leaflets on a winged petiole ; 
panicles terminal; fruit small, round. h.S. Native of Peru. 
Small-fruited Soap-Berry. Shrub. 
* * Rachis or common petiole not winged. 
6 S. ricinus (Ait. hort. kew, 2. p. 36.) rachis pubescent ; 
leaflets 3 pairs, ovate-oblong, smooth. h. S. Native of South 
America and the West Indies. Geert. fruct. 1. t. 70. f. 3.—Pluk. 
alm. t. 217. f. 7. Flowers small, white, disposed in super- 
decompound, terminal racemes, a foot long. Berry with a thin 
pulp, becoming towards the middle a white, tomentose, spongy 
substance, embracing a trigonal-globular, bony nut. 
Stiff-leaved Soap-Berry. Fl, July, Sept. Clt. 1759. Tree 
20 feet. 
7 S. arpore’scens (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 357. t. 139.) leaflets 3 
pairs, ovate, each with a short acumen, smooth ; racemes axillary, 
nearly simple. h.S. Native of Guiana in woods. Flowers 
unknown. Fruit small, red. 
Arborescent Soap-Berry. Clt. 1824. Shrub 7 feet. 
8 S. rruTE’scens (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 355. t. 138.) leaflets 
oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, smooth, 7 pairs; racemes axil- 
lary, almost simple. . S. Native of Guiana in woods and 
cultivated fields. Flowers unknown. Fruit twin, globose, scarlet, 
about the size of a cherry. Stem straight. 
Frutescent Soap-Berry. Clt. 1824. Shrub 8 feet. 
9 S. pıvarica Tus (St. Hil. fl. bras. 1. p. 390.) rachis wing- 
less ; leaves with 3-5 pairs of lanceolate-falcate, acute, smoothish, 
unequal-sided leaflets : racemes short, branched ; calyx pubes- 
cent; petals naked. h. S. Native of Brazil in the province 
of Minas Geraes. Racemes forming a panicle. Stamens 8-10. 
Divaricate-panicled Soap-Berry. Tree 20 feet. 
10 S. Survame’nsis (Poir. dict. 6. p. 600.) leaflets 6-8 
pairs, elliptical-lanceolate, very smooth, membranaceous ; pani~ 
Fl. July, Sept. Clt. 1697. 
