670 SAPINDACE#. XIX. 
soil ; and ripened cuttings will root in sand under a hand-glass, 
in a moist heat. 
XIX. MATA‘YBA (Matabaiba is the name of M. Guianén- 
sis in Guiana). Aubl. guian. 1. p. 331. t. 128. Matayba, D.C. 
prod. 1. p. 609.—Ernstingia, Neck. elem.—Ephiélis, Schreb. 
gen. no. 647. 
Lin. syst. Octdndria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 
5, each furnished with a short appendage above the base on the 
inside. Disk filling the bottom of the calyx, 8-crenate. Stamens 
8, with villous filaments inserted between the margin of the 
disk and ovary. Style none. Stigma subsessile, 3-toothed. 
Ovary 2-celled; cells 1-ovulate. Capsule oblong, 1-celled, 2- 
valved, one of which is empty, the other 2-seeded on the inside 
at the middle. Seeds arillate, reniform.—Trees with exstipulate, 
abruptly pinnate leaves, and racemose panicles of small white 
flowers. 
1 M. Guiane’nsis (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 331. t. 128. Lam. ill. 
t. 298.) leaves smooth, abruptly pinnate, with 3 or 4 pairs of 
leaflets ; petiole not winged ; racemes panicled. h.Ss Native 
of Guiana and St. Domingo in woods. Ephiélis fraxinea, Willd. 
spec. 2. p. 328. Ephiélis Guianénsis, Pers. ench. 1. p. 413. 
Panicle divaricate. The wood of this tree is considered useful 
for many purposes, being hard and durable. 
Guiana Matayba. Fl. Oct. Clt. 1803. Tree 60 feet. 
2 M. Parrista‘na (D. C. prod. 1. p. 609.) leaves impari- 
pinnate; leaflets 5, villous beneath ; petioles slightly winged ; ra- 
cemes simple. h. S. Native of Guiana or Cayenne. Fruit 
very like that of the first species, but differs from it in the 
impari-pinnate leaves. 
Patris’s Matayba. Clt. 1825. Tree 50 feet. 
Cult. These trees will thrive well in a mixture of loam and 
peat; and ripened cuttings, not deprived of any of their leaves, 
will root in sand under a hand-glass, in heat. 
XX. NEPHE‘LIUM (one of the names given to the Bur- 
dock by the ancients; the present genus has rough fruit, which 
has some resemblance to the Burdock). Lin. gen. no. 1425. 
Euphoria, Comm. in Juss. gen. 247.-—Dimocárpus, Lour. fl. 
coch. 1. p. 286.—Scytalia, Geert. fruct. 1. p. 197.—Aporètica, 
spec. D. C.—Pomètia, Forst. prod. 392. 
Lin. syst. Octo-Decándria, Monogýnia. Calyx 5-6-toothed. 
Petals 5-6, rarely wanting, densely pilose inside. Disk annular, 
occupying the bottom of the calyx. Stamens 8-10, rarely 6, 
inserted between the margin of the disk and the ovary. Style 
crowned by a 2-lobed or bifid stigma. Ovary obcordate, didy- 
mous, 2-celled. Fruit indehiscent, usually 1-lobed from abor- 
tion, the other lobe being usually abortive, tubercled or muri- 
cated, rarely smooth. Seeds thick, covered by a fleshy aril. 
Embryo straight.—Trees with abruptly-pinnate, exstipulate 
leaves, rarely simple ; leaflets opposite or alternate. Flowers 
disposed in racemose panicles or racemes. Fruit of all eatable. 
1 N. Lircnì (Cambess. in mem. mus. 18. p. 30.) leaflets 3-4 
pairs, tapering to both ends, lanceolate, glaucous beneath ; 
racemes loose, forming a panicle ; berries cordate, scaly. h. G. 
Native of the East Indies and China. Euphoria punicea, Lam. 
dict. 3. p. 573. ill. t. 806. Euphoria Litchi, Desf. cat. 159. 
Litchi Chinénsis, Sonn. itin. t. 129. Scytalia Chinénsis, Geert. 
fruct. t. 42. f. 3. Scytalia Loacán, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 28. 
Dimocérpus Lychi, Lour. fl. coch. 233. Sapindus édulis, 
Ait. hort. kew, ed. 1. vol. 2. p. 36. Dimocarpus Litchi, Willd. 
spec. 2. p. 346. La-tji, Osb. itin. 192. english edition, 1. p. 
308. Li-tchi, Du Halde, chin. 2. p. 144. t. 154. Lechéa, Rich. 
hist. de Tonquin, 1. p. 60.—Zann. hist. 147. t. 108. Flowers 
pale. The berries grow in loose racemes; they are heart- 
shaped, covered with a scaly, hardish rind, which is red on one 
MarayBa. 
XX. NEPHELIUM. 
side and green on the other, containing a delicious white, sweet, 
subacid pulp, and a large, somewhat obovate, brownish seed. 
This delicious fruit is about the size of a date; it is said to be 
dangerous when eaten to excess, occasioning an eruption over 
the whole body. The Chinese suffer it to dry till it becomes 
black and shrivelled like prunes. Thus it is preserved all the 
year, and they use it in tea, to which it communicates an acidity 
which they prefer to the sweetness of sugar. Loureiro says, the 
tree is cultivated in great abundance in the southern provinces of 
China and the northern provinces of Cochin-china, being equally 
abhorrent both of cold and heat in the extreme. To enjoy the 
fruit in its full perfection of flavour and smell, it must be eaten 
in the provinces of Fo-ki-en, Quan-tong, and Quan-si, where it 
grows. As it will not bear the climate of Pekin, the fruit is car- 
ried there for the emperor’s use, inclosed in tin vessels, filled 
with spirits mixed with honey, &c., and thus preserves an ap- 
pearance of freshness, but loses much of its flavour. The trees 
themselves are also transported by water from Quan-tong to 
Pekin for the emperor at considerable labour and expense to 
his subjects, and being embarked when they begin to flower, the 
fruit is commonly ripe by the time of their arrival at Pekin. 
The fruit is called Li-tch?, Lichi, or La-tji by the Chinese. 
Litchi Nephelium. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1786. Tree 15 ft. 
2 N. Lonca num (Cambess. in mem. mus. 18. p. 30.) leaflets 
3 pairs, with strong pinnate nerves beneath ; panicle loose ; ber- 
ries globose, almost smooth. h.G. Native of China and 
Cochin-china. Scytàlia Longén, Roxb. hort. beng. p. 29. Di- 
mocarpus Longan, Lour. fl. coch. 233. Euphoria Longana, 
Lam. dict. 3. p. 574.—Buchoz. icon. col. t. 99. This tree 1s 
also cultivated in China and Cochin-china for its fruit, which is 
in great esteem among the Chinese, and if not so agreeable to 
the taste as the Litch?, it is however said to be more whole- 
some. It is globular, has a yellowish, smooth skin, and its pulp 
is white, tart, and juicy. This fruit is called by the Chinese 
Longan, Lang-an, Long-yen, or Laong-uhan. 
Longan Nephelium. Fl. May, June. Clt. 1786. Tree 20 ft. 
3 N. rrérme (Cambess. in mem. mus. 18. p. 30-) leaflets £ 
panicles few-flowered ; berries usually twin, irregular, tubercled. 
h.G. Native of Cochin-china in woods. Euphoria informs, 
D.C. prod. 1. p. 612. The leaves are almost .like those of the 
Longan. The fruit of this tree is also eaten in China. It is not 
so good as those of the two preceding species, being much more 
sour. The wood is good, hard, and heavy, of a reddish-brown 
colour. 
Unsightly-shaped-fruited Nephelium. Tree 20 feet ? 
4 N. Larra ceum (Lin. syst. 4. p. 236.) leaflets 5-7, oblong ; 
berries subovate, hairy. h. S. Native of the East Indies. 
Lam. ill. t. 764. Marsd. sum. with a figure. Euphoria Nephe- 
lium, D. C. prod. 1. p. 612. Dimocarpus crinita, Lour. 39 
coch. 234. Scytalia Ramboótan, Roxb. hort. beng. P- 2 A 
Petals absent. Calyx 5-6-cleft. Stamens 5-8. The pulp o 
the fruit is eatable, of an agreeable sub-acid flavour, though the 
so good as the Longan or Litchi; it is usually twin. This 1s t 
Rambutan or Rampostan of Bont. jav. f. 109. 
Burdock-fruited Nephelium or Rambootan. Tree. leaves 
5 N. pinna‘tum (Cambess. in mem. mus. 18. p- 30.) Native 
pinnate ; racemes supra-decompound, terminal. k .S. , ta 
of the Islands of Tanna and Namoka. Pomètia pinnate, 
Forst. prod. p. 392. 
Pinnate-leaved Nephelium. Tree. Janceo- 
6 N. Bexncarr’yse; leaves with 4-5 pairs of oblong- anc a 
late leaflets, which are oblique at the base ; panicle or ? 
composed of many racemes. h. S. Native of Bengal. »cy 
tàlia Bengalénsis, Roxb. in herb. Lamb. 
Bengal Nephelium. Tree. O 
7 N. verTícILLA`rum (Lindl. bot. reg. 1059. under Euphòria,) 
