CEDRELEACE#. 
1 C. opora`ra (Lin. spec. 289.) leaflets ovate-lanceolate, 
entire, on short stalks. h.S. Native of the Caribbee Islands 
and Barbadoes.—Sloan. hist. 2. t. 220. f. 2.—Browne, jam. 159. 
t. 10. f. 1.—Lam. ill. t. 137. Corollas whitish flesh-coloured, 
resembling those of hyacinth. Fruit about the size of a par- 
tridge’s egg. The bark of the tree is rough, marked with lon- 
gitudinal fissures. This as well as the berries and leaves has a 
smell like 4ssa-feetida, when fresh. The timber, however, has 
a pleasant smell. The tree is commonly known under the name 
of Cedar in the British West India islands. The trunk is so 
large as to be hollowed out into canoes and pariaguas, for which 
purpose it is extremely well adapted; the wood being soft, it 
may be cut out with great facility, and being light it will carry 
a great weight on the water. There are canoes in the West 
Indies, which have been formed out of these trunks, 40 feet 
long and 6 feet broad; the wood is of a brown colour, and has 
a fragrant odour, whence the name of Cedar has been given to it; 
it is frequently cut into shingles for covering houses, and is found 
very durable, but as the worms are apt to eat this wood, it is not 
proper for building ships, though it is often used for that purpose, 
as also for sheathing of ships. It is also used for wainscoting 
of rooms, and to make chests, because vermin do not so fre- 
quently breed in it as in many other sorts of wood, this having 
avery bitter taste, which is communicated to whatever is put 
mto the chests, especially when the wood is fresh, for which 
reason it is never made into casks, because spiritous liquors will 
ssolve part of the resin, and thereby acquire a very bitter taste. 
Sweet-scented Bastard-cedar. Clt. 1739. Tree 80 feet. 
2 C. ancustird11a (Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon.ined. D.C. 
prod. 1. p. 624.) leaflets oblong, acuminated, entire, on long 
footstalks. hk. S. Native of New Spain. The wood is good 
for many purposes, especially for making furniture. 
Narrow-leaved Bastard-cedar. Tree 50 feet. 
3 C. BRASILIE'NSIS (St. Hil. fl. bras. 2. p. 86. t. 101.) leaves 
abruptly-pinnate, with 14-20 oblong, obliquely ovate, acuminated, 
entire leaflets, which are smooth above but puberulous beneath ; 
petals clothed with white tomentum. h. S. Native of Brazil 
in the province of Minas Geraes. Panicle terminal, large, 
pyramidal. 
Var, B, austràlis (St. Hil. 1. c.) leaflets with the nerves and 
margins puberulous ; branches, petioles, and peduncles short, 
and densely pubescent. 
Brazilian Bastard-cedar. Tree 40 feet. 
4 C. Toóna (Roxb. cor. 3. t. 238.) leaflets lanceolate, acumi- 
hated, entire, pale-glaucous beneath. h. S. Native of the 
East Indies, where it is called Toon (Roxb.). Nipaul (Wall.). 
illd. act. nat. cur. berl. 4. p. 198. Anthers inserted in 5 
hectarial glands. Flowers small, white, smelling like fresh 
oney. Leaves deciduous. The wood of this tree is very like 
mahogany, but lighter and not so close in the grain. It is 
much used for furniture and various other purposes. The bark 
is powerfully astringent, and though not bitter, it has been found 
à good medicine in the cure of remitting and intermitting fevers, 
Particularly when joined with a small portion of the powdered 
Seed of Guilandina Bonducélla, which is a very powerful bitter. 
oon Bastard-cedar. Fl. Feb. May. Clt. 1823. Tr. 60 ft. 
+ FEBRI' FUGA (Blum. bijdr. 4th number) leaflets ovate- 
» acuminated, quite entire. kh. S. Native of Java. 
i Owers small, white. The bark is powerfully astringent, and 
paed in Java as a febrifuge. The wood is excellent for many 
ses, 
ebrifuge Bastard-cedar. Tree 60 feet. 
wda veLuTiNA (D. C. prod. 1. p. 625.) leaflets ovate-lan- 
sho ate, entire, smooth, petioles and branches velvety from very 
T rt down. h, S. Native of the East Indies at Tipperah. 
his is perhaps the C. villòsa of Roxb. hort. beng. p. 18. This 
oblong 
I. CEDRELA. 
` maica, St. Domingo, but 
II. Swierenia. 687 
tree has been cultivated a long time in Kew Gardens, under the 
name of Cedréla odorata. 
Velvety Bastard-cedar. 
Clt. 1793. Tree 50 feet. 
t Species not sufficiently known. 
7 C. ALTERNIFOLIA (Steud. nom. 170.) leaves alternate, sim- 
ple, cordate-ovate, acute, fruit pentagonal, mucronated. h. S. 
Native of Campechy. Cédrus alternifolia, Mill. dict. no. 3. 
This probably belongs to a distinct genus, not belonging to the 
present order. 
Alternate-leaved Bastard-cedar. Clt.? Tree. 
8 C. rosmarinus (Lour. coch. p. 160.) leaves simple, li- 
near; peduncles 1-flowered ; seeds not winged, h.G. Na- 
tive of Cochin-china and about Macao in China. This shrub 
yields an essential oil, and a spirit, not inferior to that which is 
drawn from rosemary. It probably belongs to a distinct genus, 
not belonging to this order. 
Rosemary Bastard-cedar. Shrub 4 feet. 
Cult. These trees will thrive well in a mixture of loam and 
peat ; and large ripened cuttings will strike root in sand under 
a hand-glass, in heat. 
II. SWIETE‘NIA (in honour of Gerard Van Swieten, a 
Dutch botanist, author of several botanical works ; died in 1772. 
He was physician to the Empress Maria Theresa), Lin. gen. 
no. 575. D.C. prod. 1. p. 625. 
Liv. syst. Monadélphia, Octo-Decandria. Calyx small, 4 or 
5-cleft (f. 116. a.), deciduous. Petals 4-5 (f. 116. b.). Stamens 
8 or 10; filaments joined together into a toothed tube, bearing 
the anthers on the inside of the tube. Style 1. Stigma capitate 
(f. 116. c.). Capsules prickly, egg-shaped, woody, 5-celled, 
many-seeded (f. 116. f.). Valves opening from the base (f. 
116. e.) or apex ; margins opposite to the angles of the pentagonal 
central placenta. Seeds imbricating downwards, expanded into 
a wing, fixed to the placenta. Albumen fleshy. Embryo straight. 
Cotyledons flat, leafy. (Gert. fruct. 2. p. 89. t. 96.)-—Trees with 
alternate, abruptly-pinnate leaves, and axillary panicles or ra- 
cemes of small, white flowers. 
1 S. Mandcont (Lin. 
spec. 271.) leaflets 
usually 4 pairs, ovate- 
lanceolate, unequal at 
the base, acuminated at 
the apex ; panicles axil- 
lary. h.S. Native of 
SouthA merica,Cuba,Ja- 
FIG. 116. 
particularly Honduras 
Bay. Cav. diss. 7. p. 
365. t. 209. Hook. bot. 
misc. pt. 1.t. 16 and 17. 
Cedrus Mahégoni, Mill. dict. no. 2.—Cat. carol. 2. t. 8l. 
The figure given by Gærtner, and that given in the Fl. mex. 
shew the capsule opening from the top, not from the base, 
therefore there are probably two species, varying in the dehis- 
cence of the capsule. Mahogoni is the American name of the 
tree. The excellence of mahogany for all domestic purposes 
has been long known in England, and it is a matter of surprise 
that for along time the only author who mentioned this tree 
was Catesby. Browne informs us, that mahogany was for- 
merly very common in Jamaica, and while it could be had in the 
low lands, and brought to market at an easy rate, furnished a 
very considerable branch of the exports from that island, that it 
thrives in most soils, and varies both in grain and texture with 
each, that which grows among rocks being smaller, but very 
hard and weighty, of a close grain and beautifully shaded, while 
