688 CEDRELEACE, II. SwIETENIA. 
the produce of the low and richer lands is observed to be more 
light and porous, of a paier colour and open grain. The tree 
grows very tall, with a straight trunk, sometimes 4 or 6 feet in 
diameter, and usually bears a great number of capsules. The 
flowers are of a whitish or saffron colour, and the fruit is about 
the size of a turkey’s egg. 
The first discovery of the beauty of mahogany wood is attri- 
buted to the carpenter on board Sir Walter Raleigh’s ship at 
the time that vessel lay off the harbour of Trinidad in 1595. 
At Honduras 200 years is considered to be necessary from the 
time of the plant being reared by seed to that of its perfection 
and fitness for cutting, which commences about the month of 
August; at this time the leaves assume a yellowish hue. The 
Honduras mahogany is not so good as the Jamaica and St. 
Domingo mahogany, and is probably a distinct species. The 
bark of mahogany is astringent and bitter, and in its action 
on the human frame has been said to coincide nearly with Peru- 
vian bark. 
Common Mahogany. Clt. 1734. Tree 80 feet. 
2 S. reBrY ruca (Roxb. cor. 1. p. 18. t. 17.) leaflets usually 
4 pairs, oval, obtuse or emarginate, and oblique at the base ; 
racemes rising from the axils of the upper abortive leaves, there- 
fore constituting a terminal panicle. h.S. Native of the East 
Indies in the mountainous parts of the Rajahmundry Circar, 
north of Samulcotah and Peddapore. S. Sóymida, Dunc. tent. 
edin.1794. Valves of fruit smooth, opening from the top. Flowers 
small, cream-coloured. The wood of this tree is of a dull-red 
colour, remarkably hard and heavy; it is reckoned by the 
natives the most durable wood they know, and on that account it 
is used for al} the wood-work in their temples; it is also very 
serviceable for various other purposes. The bark is internally 
of a light-red colour; a decoction of it dyes brown of various 
shades, according as the cloth has been prepared. Its taste is a 
bitter and astringent united, and very strong, particularly the 
bitter, but is not in any way nauseous or disagreeable, and may 
be used in the same way as Peruvian bark. Soymida is its name 
among the Telingas. . 
Febrifuge Mahogany. Clt. 1796. Tree 60 feet. 
3 S. Senrcare’nsis (Desr. in Lam. dict. 3. p. 679.) leaflets 
usually 3 pairs, oval-oblong, coriaceous, bluntish; panicle ter- 
minal; flowers octandrous; fruit globose, 4-valved. h. S. 
Native of Senegal. Flowers small, whitish. The wood of this 
tree is very hard, and of a beautiful grain. It is brought to 
this country from Sierra Leone. 
Senegal or African Mahogany. Tree 60 feet. 
4 S. rrirocuna ris (Roxb. mss. in herb. Lamb.) leaves pin- 
nate ; leaflets alternate, ovate, smooth, acuminated, rather un- 
equal at the base; panicle terminal, composed of racemes ; 
capsule 3-celled, 6-valved, opening from the apex, not prickly. 
h.S. Native of the East Indies. 
Three-celled-capsuled Mahogany Tree. Tree 100 feet. 
Cult. These trees will thrive well in a mixture of loam and 
peat, and ripe cuttings with their leaves not shortened will strike 
root in sand, in a moist heat. 
UHI. CHLORO'XYLON (from yAwpoc, chloros, yellow, Evdor, 
zylon, wood; colour of wood). D. C. prod. 1. p. 625. 
Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Decándria. Calyx small, 5-cleft. 
Petals 5. Stamens 10; filaments protruding from the back of 
the urceolus, the rest awl-shaped, free, radiately spreading. Cap- 
sules opening from the top, 3-valved, 3-celled ; valves bearing a 
dissepiment in the middle. Seeds 4 in each cell, ending in a wing 
fixed to the dissepiments on the valves.—A tree with abruptly- 
pinnate leaves, and terminal panicles of small, whitish flowers. 
1 C. Swierte ta (D.C. prod. 1. p. 625.) h. S. Native 
of the East Indies on the mountainous parts of the Circars, 
III. Cutoroxyton: 
IV. Furnpersra. V. OxLEYA. 
Swieténia chloréxylcn, Roxb. cor. 1. p. 46. t. 64. Leaves 
abruptly-pinnate, with many pairs of small, unequal, ovate, some- 
what rhomboid, obtuse leaflets. ‘The wood of this tree is of a 
deep-yellow colour, remarkably close grained, heavy, and du- 
rable ; it is used for various purposes, and comes nearer to box- 
wood than any other in its native country. It is called Billoo 
by the Telingas. 
Mahogany-like Chloroxylon. Clt. 1820. Tree 50 feet. 
Cult. This tree will succeed in a mixture of loam and peat, 
and ripe cuttings, with their leaves not shortened, will strike root 
in sand under a hand-glass, in a moist heat. 
IV. FLINDE’/RSIA (Captain Michael Flinders, R.N. a cele- 
brated circumnavigator, who explored the coast of New Holland 
in the beginning of the present century ; he was accompanied 
by Mr. R. Browne, as naturalist, whose works on the botany of 
New Holland are well known). R. Br. gen. rem. p. 63. t. 1. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 625. 
Lin. syst. Monadélphia, Decándria. Calyx 5-cleft, short. 
Petals 5. Stamens 10, protruding from the back of the urceo- 
lus, with their bases dilated ; filaments awl-shaped, spreading, 
alternate ones sterile. Capsule 5-valved, 5-celled, partible into 
5 single segments, which are divided each by a longitudinal 
dissepiment, at length free, with 2 seeds on each side. Seeds 
erect, winged at the apex. Albumen absent. Cotyledons trans- 
verse, thick, leafy.—Trees with impari-pinnate leaves, small 
white flowers, and echinated capsules. ; 
1 F. ausrra‘uis (R. Br. 1. c.) leaflets 1 to 3 pairs; flowers 
panicled ; fruit ovate, very blunt at both ends. R.G. Native 
of New Holland on the eastern coast. Leaves full of pellucid 
dots, as in the orange. The wood is useful for various domestic 
purposes, and is said not to be much inferior to mahogany. 
Southern Flindersia. Clt. 1823. Tree 66 feet. 
2 F. Amsornr’nsis (Poir. suppl. 4. p. 650.) leaflets 3 or 7 
pairs ; flowers almost solitary ; fruit ovate-oblong, tapering to 
both ends. h.S. Native of the islands of Hitoe and Ceram. 
—Rumph. amb. 3. p. 201. t. 129. The trunk of the tree }s 
used for pales. The spiny part of the fruit is formed into rasps 
by the natives of Amboyna; it is therefore called Arbor raduli- 
fera by Rumphius. 
Amboyna Flindersia. Tree 60 feet. ; 
Cult.’ These fine trees will thrive well in a mixture of loam 
and peat, and ripened cuttings, with their leaves not shortened, 
will strike root in sand under a hand-glass, those of the last 
species in heat. 
V. OXLE'YA (in honour of Mr. Oxley of New South 
Wales). Cung. mss. in Hook. bot. mise. pt. 3. p. 286. t. 54. 
Lin. syst. Decdndria, Monogynia? Flowers unknown. 
Capsule 5-celled, dividing even to the base into 5 valves, wit 
a dissepiment in the middle of each, at length separating from 
the central receptacle, with 3 seeds on each side of the diep 
ment. Seeds fixed by their middle, edged all round an dide 
tended intoa wing at both ends. Albumen wanting. | Ra the 
towards the hylum. This genus differs from Flindérsia ‘de 
valves separating from the base, in having 3 seeds on oh S ; 
of the dissepiment, and in the seeds being winged at bot * the 
1 O. xanrnoxyza (Cung. mss. l.c.) k. G. Native o nd 
eastern coast of New Holland. This is a tree 100 feet high, ve 
4 or 5 feet in diameter at the base. Leaves impari-pinnate, wate 
times ternate, but usually with 4-5 pairs of opposite, lanceola’s 
i i : . . ll of 
quite entire, acuminated, bluntish, coriaceous leaflets, a7 is 
minute dots, on short stalks. The wood is very yellow. 4 in 
found to be useful in various kinds of carpentering, 
building boats. 
Yellow-wooded Oxleya. Tree 100 feet. 
Clt. 1829. 
