748 . 
plants are of sufficient size, they should be planted out into the 
open border, in a sheltered situation, where they will no doubt 
ripen their seed. 
Orper LVI. BALSAMI’'NEE (plants agreeing with Bal- 
samina in important characters). A. Rich. dict. class. 2. p. 173. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 685.—Impatiens, Lin. gen. no. 1008.—Bal- 
samina, Tourn. inst. 418. t. 235. Juss. gen.270. Geert. fruct. 
2. p. 151. t. 113. i 
Calyx of 2 sepals ; sepals small, deciduous, opposite, usually 
Petals 4, hypogynous, cru- 
ciate, 2 outer ones alternating with the sepals, ending in a callous 
tip, upper one arched and emarginate, lower one entire, drawn 
out into a spur at the base ; 2 inner petals alternating with the 
outer ones, more petal-like and equal with each other, usually 
bifid or appendiculate. Stamens 5, hypogynous, closely gird- 
ing the ovary; filaments short, thickened at the apex; anthers 
rather connate, 3 lower ones opposite the petals, ovate, 2- 
celled, 2 superior ones rising in front of the upper petal ; these 
are sometimes l-celled, sometimes 2-celled. Anthers bursting 
lengthwise. Ovary 1. Style wanting; stigmas 5, distinct or 
connected into 1, sessile and short. Capsule oblong or ovate, 
5-valved ; valves separating with elasticity; central placenta 
ending in a slender thread, which adheres to the stigmas as 
in Caryophyllee, 5-angled ; angles membranous, touching the 
intervalvular sutures, and therefore the young capsule is 5- 
celled, but 1-celled above the placenta. Seeds fixed to the 
placenta, pendulous, many in each cell, ovate-oblong, exalbu- 
minous. Embryo straight, with a superior radicle. 
flat on the inside and convex on the outside. 
mucronate, imbricate in eestivation. 
Cotyledons 
Tender herbs, 
with alternate or opposite, exstipulate, feather-nerved, toothed 
leaves. Peduncles axillary. M. de Candolle remarks that the. 
flowers are those of Fumariàceæ, the capsules of O’xalis, the 
seeds of Linum, and the habit peculiar. The well-known elastic 
spring with which the seeds are ejected, constitutes a principal 
character of this order. It differs from Tropedlee in the calyx 
being of 2 sepals, in the structure of the corolla and capsule, 
and from Oxalidee in the structure of flowers. All the spe- 
cies are remarkable for the singularity and varied colours of 
their blossoms. 
Synopsis of the genera, 
| Barsamrna. Anthers 5, 2-celled. Stigmas 5, distinct. 
Valves of capsule bending inwards elastically at the apex. Pe- 
duncles 1-flowered. 
2 Tytonra, Anthers and stigmas as in Impatiens. Berry 
almost globular, 5-grooved, succulent, smooth, containing 5 hard, 
nut-like seeds, lapping over each other at both ends. 
axillary, 1-3-flowered. 
3 Imra tiens. Anthers 5, 3 of which are 2-celled, and the 
2 in front of the upper petal I-celled. Stigmas 5,joined. Valves 
of capsule revolute, inwardly from the base to the apex. Pe- 
duncles axillary, branched, many-flowered. 
Peduncles 
I. BALSAMINA (from balsamum, balsam ; Fuchs says this 
BALSAMINEZ. I. Batsamina. 
name is given because a balsam is made from the plant which 
is said to cure wounds; it is, however, called balassan by the 
Arabs, which is mast likely to be the primitive of Balsamina). 
Riv. irr. tetr. with afigure. D.C. prod. 1. p. 685. . 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogýnia. Anthers 5, all 2-celled. 
Stigmas 5, distinct. Capsules ovate ; valves at maturity bend- 
ing inwards elastically at the apex. Cotyledons thick.—Pedi- 
cels always 1-flowered, solitary, or aggregate. Capsules pube- 
rulous. Flowers easily changed to double in the gardens. 
1. Pedicels twin or aggregate. Leaves alternate. 
1 B. norte'nsis (Desp. dict. sc. nat. 3. p. 485.) pedicels ag- 
gregate ; leaves lanceolate, serrated, lower ones opposite; spur 
shorter than the flower. ©. F. Native of the East Indies, 
China, Cochin-china, and Japan. Impatiens balsamina, Lin. 
spec. 1328. Mill. fig. t. 59. Blackw. t. 583. The varieties 
of this elegant plant, which cultivation has produced, are nu- 
merous, white, rose-coloured, red, purple, striped, and varie- 
gated with these colours, single and double of each. Mr. Miller 
speaks particularly of two remarkable varieties, which probably 
belong to one or other of the species. The first he calls the 
Immortal Eagle, a most beautiful plant, from the East Indies; 
the flowers of it are double, and much larger than those of the 
common kind, scarlet and white or purple and white, very nu- 
merous. The second kind he calls the Cockspur, introduced 
from the West Indies, which has single flowers as large as the 
other, but never more than semidouble, striped with red and 
white; this is apt to grow to a great size before it flowers, 
which is very late in the autumn, so that in bad seasons there 
will be hardly any flowers, and the seeds seldom ripen. | Dr. 
Wallich found this species, or one very closely allied to it, on 
Chundrugiri and at hankote in the East Indies. The Japanese 
are said to use the Juice with alum: for dyeing their nails red. 
Common Garden Balsam. Fl. July, Oct. Clt. 1596. Pl. 
1 to 2 feet. 
2 B. coccinea (D. C. prod. 1. p. 685.) pedicels aggregate ; 
leaves oblong-oval, serrated; petioles with many glands ; spur 
incurved, about equal in length to the flower. ©: F. Native 
of the East Indies. Impatiens coccinea, Sims, bot. mag. t. 1256. 
Flowers scarlet, streaked with white. ` 
Scarlet-flowered Balsam. Fl. June, Sept. 
1 to 2 feet. 
3 B. cornv'ra (D. C. prod. 1. p. 686.) pedicels aggregate i 
leaves lanceolate, serrated; spur much longer than the flower. 
©. F. Native of Ceylon and Cochin-china. Burm. zeyl. 41. 
t. 16. f. 1. Impatiens cornita, Lin. spec. 1828. Leaves dusky 
green, sweet smelling. Flowers purple or white, with the spur 
somewhat bowed. Capsules ovate, hispid. The Ceylonese € r 
this species Kudaelu-kola, from kudaelu, a swallow, kola, a leat. 
The inhabitants of Cochin-china: use a decoction of the leaves 
as a wash to their head and hair, to which it gives a very sweet 
odour. 
Horned Balsam. FI. July, Sept. Clt. 1826. Pl. 1 foot. 
4 B. Mysorr’nsis (D. C. prod. 1. p. 686.) pedicels eke 
leaves oblong-lanceolate, remotely-toothed ; stem simple, va 
form ; spur straight, shorter than the flower. ©. F., Nat 
of Mysore in the East Indies. Impatiens Mysorénsis, Roth. 
in Roem, et Schult. syst. 5. p. 348. Flowers small, red. f 
Mysore Balsam. Fl]. July, Sept. Cit. 1820. P1.4 to 1 it. ; 
5 B. scasriv’scuta; plant villous; leaves cuneately-lancé?” 
late, acute, with pointed serratures, tapering to the base ; fonen 
axillary, twin, villous, spurless. ©. F. Native of the a 
Indies. Impatiens scabriúscula, Heyne, in Roxb. fl. ind. 2. P: 
404, This is a small branching species. 
Rovghish Balsam. Pl. 1 foot. 
Clt. 1808. Pi. 
