RUTACEX. XXXII. Garipza. 
178. t. 31. 
officinale. 
Very-sweet-scented Spiranthera. Clt. 1823. Shrub 3 or 4 ft. 
Cult, See Choisya for cultivation and propagation. 
The flowers have the scent of those of Jasminum 
XXXII. GALIPEA (the name of G. trifoliàta in Guiana). 
Aubl. guian. 2. p. 662. St. Hil. bull. philom. 1823. p. 131. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 730. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 493. t. 
- 23, no. 34.—Galìpea and Cusparia, D. C. mem. mus. 9. p. 142 
and 148.—Cuspària, Humb.—Bonplandia, Willd. but not of 
Cav.—Angostira and Rapitia, Roem. et Schult.—Conchocér- 
pus, Mik.—Obentonia, Vel.—Ariba spec, Nees et Mart.— 
Lasiostémon, Nees et Mart.—Ravia, Nees et Mart. 
__ Li. syst. Tri-Pentândria, Pentagynia. Calyx short, cup- 
shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Petals 5, rather unequal, con- 
nected at the base into a half monopetalous, somewhat campanu- 
late corolla, with a short, usually pentagonal tube, and a spread- 
ing 5-cleft limb. Filaments adhering to the tube of the corolla, 
and longer than it (nevertheless enclosed), usually flattened and 
downy, sometimes 5, rarely 6-8, 2 or 4 of which are sterile, 
Sometimes 5, all fertile ; anthers oblong-heart-shaped, rarely ap- 
pendiculate at the base, sometimes revolute after flowering. 
Ovaries 5, joined in one, or only at the base, surrounded by the 
cup-shaped disk, smooth or villous. Styles 5, rising from the 
tops of the ovaries, sometimes distinct, or only partly connected 
at the base, but usually joined together in one, terminated by a 
single blunt stigma. Fruit only of 1 or 2 carpels from abortion. 
—Trees or shrubs, with alternate, simple, ternate or quinate 
leaves, full of pellucid dots. Racemes axillary or terminal, 
simple or compound ; peduncles and pedicels furnished with brac- 
teas. Flowers greenish, white, or flesh-coloured. 
* Leaves compound. 
1 G. rrirorra‘ta (Aubl. guian. 2. p. 662. t. 269.) leaves tri- 
foliate, smooth ; flowers corymbose ; peduncles shorter than the 
leaves; stamens 4, 2 of which are sterile. h.S. Native of 
Guiana, on the banks of the river Orapu. Sciiiris corymbosa, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 38. Flowers small, greenish. It is called 
Inga by the inhabitants of Guiana. 
Three-lcaved Galipea. Fl. Sept. Clt. 1823. Shrub 6 feet. 
2 G. Ossa‘na (D. C. mem. mus. 9. p. 149. t. 10.) leaves tri- 
foliate, smooth; flowers panicled ; peduncles longer than the 
leaves ; calyx 5-parted; sterile stamens 5, fertile 2. k. S. 
Native of Cuba, about the Havannah. Flowers small, greenish. 
De la Ossa’s Galipea. Shrub 6 feet. 
3 G. Lastosre Mon (St. Hil. mss.) leaves trifoliate, full of 
glandular dots, young ones, petioles, and branches pubescent ; 
racemes almost terminal, erect, pubescent ; petals villous on the 
inside, and pubescent on the outside, as well as the calyx ; sta- 
mens fringed, villous, 3 fertile, and 2 sterile. h.S. Native of 
Brazil, in woods at Ilheos. Lasiostémum sylvéstre, Nees et Mart. 
in nov. act. bonn. xi. p. 171. t. 19. Flowers white. 
Hairy-stamened Galipea. Shrub. o. 
4 G. Cuspa‘ria (St. Hil. mss.) leaves trifoliate ; racemes stalk- 
ed, almost terminal; calyx 5-toothed ; sterile stamens 3. h.S. 
Native of South America, Cusparia febrifuga, Humb. tabl. 
geog. Bonplándia trifoliàta, Willd. act. acad. berl. 1802. p. 24. 
H. et B. pl. equin. 2. p. 59. t. 57. H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. 
amer. 6. p. 8. Angostùra Cuspàre, Roem. et Schult. syst. 4. p. 
183. The Angostura bark of the shops is the produce of this 
tree. As an aromatic bitter it acts as a tonic and stimulant of 
the organs of digestion. It increases the appetite for food, re- 
moves flatulence and acidity, arising from dyspepsia, and me 
very effectual remedy in diarrhoea, proceeding from weakness ° 
the bowels, and in dysentery; and it possesses the singular ad- 
797 
vantage of not oppressing the stomach, as Peruvian bark is apt 
to do; but it does not cure intermittents. It is exhibited in 
powder, in doses of from 5 to 20 grains, either alone or with 
rhubarb, magnesia, or carbonate of lime. In infusion, a drachm 
to 4 ounces of water daily. _In tincture, 1 or 2 drachms in dys- 
pepsia. In watery extract, we are informed by Humboldt, 
that the Capuchins, who possess the missions of Carony, pre- 
pare with great care an extract of the bark, which they distri- 
bute to the convents of Catalonia. ‘The natural history of this 
bark was long but imperfectly known. It is now fully esta- 
blished by the travels of Humboldt. The appearance of the 
bark varies according as it has been taken from larger or smaller 
branches. The tincture of which is of a deep yellow-colour, and 
becomes turbid and white on admixture with water. Dr. Ram- 
bach, of Hamburgh, first observed poisonous effects from some 
Angostura bark. The Austrian government on this account 
ordered all the Angostura bark in the kingdom to be destroyed, 
and interdicted its future importation; and other states have 
followed its example. This is in consequence of the Angostura 
bark of commerce being of different kinds, the most of which are 
spurious and poisonous. The false or fine Angostura bark, Brù- 
cea antidysentérica, has been more recently analyzed by Pelletan 
and Caventou. They have discovered in it a new alkali, upon 
which its virulence depends, and to which they have given the 
name of Bruce. Its action on the living body is to produce 
tetanus, without affecting the intellectual faculties, in which 
respect it has a great analogy to strychnia, or nux vomica, but it 
is only about one-third of its strength. See Bricea. 
Cuspare or Angostura-bark. Tree 68 to 80 feet. 
5 G. aromatica (Spreng. syst. app. p. 91.) leaves trifoliate, 
smooth ; racemes spicate, axillary ; sterile stamens 3, fertile 2. 
h. S. Native of Guiana, in woods of Orapu. Raputia aroma- 
tica, Aubl. guian. 2. p. 670. t. 272. Scitris aromatica, Vahl. in 
Willd. spec. 1. p. 153. Flowers greenish. Bark of the trunk 
aromatic. 
Aromatic-barked Galipea. F]. Aug. Shrub 3 feet. 
6 G. HETEROPHY'LLA (St. Hil. bull. philom. 1823. p. 131. 
l. rem. bras. 131. t. 12.) leaves 3-4-5-foliate, on long petioles ; 
leaflets lanceolate, rather pubescent on the middle nerve ; 
racemes supra-axillary, on long peduncles ; sterile stamens 2. 
.S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio Janeiro. 
Variable-leaved Galipea. Shrub. 
* * Leaves simple. 
7 G. penta’cyna (St. Hil. pl. rem. bras. p. 131. t. 11. 
A.) leaves long-lanceolate, very acute, quite smooth; racemes 
compound at the tops of the branches, axillary, or somewhat 
extra-axillary ; peduncles flattened ; sterile stamens 3 ; styles 5, 
quite distinct. .S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Rio 
Janeiro. 
Five-styled Galipea. Shrub. . 
8 G. restnosa (St. Hil. pl. rem. bras. 1. p. 134.) 
shining ; glands on petioles 
leaves oblong, tapering to both ends, 
corolla 
very prominent, rough; corymbs terminal, stalked 7 1 
somewhat bilabiate ; stamens 5, only 2 of which are fertile. R. 
S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes, and on the 
road to Felisbert. Ravia resinosa, Nees et Mart. in act. bonn. 
xi. p. 169. t. 19. f. E. and t. 23. Flowers white. Corymbs ca- 
Shrub beset with resinous dots. 
Resinous Galipea. Fl. Jan. Shrub 6 feet. , 
9 G. penta’NprA (St. Hil. pl. rem. bras. 1. p. 134. t. 13.) 
leaves lanceolate, acuminated, obtuse, but acute at the base, 
racemes axillary, simple, few-flowered ; pedicels each 
h.S. Native 
pitate. 
smooth ; 
furnished with 3 bracteas ; stamens 5, all fertile. 
of Brazil, in the province of St. Paul. 
Five-anthered Galipea. Shrub. 
