RUTACEÆ. XLII. Zanrnoxytum. 
Z. Caribee‘um, Lam. but not of Geert. Z. Carolinianum, Geert. 
—Pluk. t. 239. f. 4. 
Hercules’-club Tooth-ache-tree. Clt. 1739. Tree 50 feet. 
45 Z. aromaticum (Willd. spec. 4. p. 755.) armed; leaflets 
6 pairs, ovate-lanceolate, serrated, stalked, unequal at the base, 
smooth, full of pellucid dots; panicles terminal and axillary. 
h. S. Native of St. Domingo. Jacq. fil. eclog. 1. p. 103. 
t. 70. ‘There is a variety with unarmed petioles. 
Aromatic Tooth-ache-tree. Clt. 1824. Shrub. 
46 Z. oBTUSIFÒLIUM (Poir. suppl. 2. p. 293.) prickly ; leaflets 
usually 4-pairs, coriaceous, obversely subovate, rounded at apex, 
smooth, prickly beneath as well as the petioles; panicle ter- 
minal, dense. h.S. Native of the East Indies ? 
Obtuse-leaved Tooth-ache-tree. Shrub. 
47 Z. arma TUM (Roxb. hort. beng. p. 72.) armed with straight, 
spreading prickles; leaflets 2 pairs, oblong, acuminated at both 
ends, entire ; petioles unarmed; panicles terminal or subaxil- 
lary. h.S. Native of the East Indies. Flowers dioecious. 
Armed Tooth-ache-tree. Clt. 1816. Shrub 10 feet. 
48 Z. acantuopopium (D. C. prod. 1. p. 727.) armed with 
straight, spreading prickles ; leaflets 4 pairs, oblong, acuminated 
at both ends ; middle rib and petioles armed with strong spines; 
corymbs axillary, very short. h. S. Native of Nipaul. Habit 
of the preceding species. 
Prickly-foot-stalked Tooth-ache-tree. Shrub. 
49 Z. noxripum (D. C. prod. 1. p. 728.) leaves alternate ; 
leaflets ovate, crenate; branches spiny. h. G. Native of 
Japan. Fagara hérrida, Thunb. in Lin. trans. 2. p. 329. 
Flowers and fruit unknown. 
Horrid Tooth-ache-tree. Shrub. 
50 Z. svinirex (D. C. prod. 1. p. 728.) leaves alternate, in 
fascicles, impari-pinnate ; petioles winged a little ; leaflets ellip- 
tical, entire, somewhat emarginate; branches spiny. bh. S. 
Native of Caraccas. Fagara spinifex, Jacq. fragm. p. 10. t. 6. 
f. 2, Flowers unknown. 
Spiny Tooth-ache-tree. Shrub. 
51 Z. criprosum (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 946.) unarmed; leaflets 
3-pairs, oblong, blunt, coriaceous, crenate, full of pellucid dots ; 
petioles rough. h.S. Native of Hispaniola. 
Steve-leaved Tooth-ache-tree. Tree. 
52 Z. SeLLóI (Spreng. syst. 1. p. 946.) unarmed ; leaves 
abruptly-pinnate, with 4 pairs of ovate-oblong, blunt, shining, 
reticulated leaflets, full of pellucid dots; petioles pubescent. 
h.S. Native of Brazil. 
Sello’s Tooth-ache-tree. Tree. ; 
Cult. The species of Zanthóxylum will grow freely in sandy 
loam ; and cuttings will root, if planted in a pot of sand, and 
placed under a hand-glass ; those of the stove species in heat. 
The hardy species, or those native of North America, will thrive 
in any common garden-soil ; they are well adapted for ornament- 
ing small shrubberies. Ripened cuttings of these will root, if 
planted under a hand-glass, or they may be increased by slips of 
the roots; if planted in pots and placed in a hot-bed, they will 
grow up to young plants. 
XLIII. BO’'YMIA (in honour of Michael Boym, who wrote 
on Chinese plants and animals, in 1650). Andr. Juss. in mem. 
mus. 12. p. 507. t. 25. no. 39. _ 
Lix. syst. Dioècia. Flowers of distinct sexes. Male ones 
unknown. Female flowers. Calyx short, 5-cleft. Petals 5, 
longer than the calyx. Ovaries 5, seated round the base of a 
5-scaled gynophore, connected together at the base, an ap- 
pearing like one, each divided lengthwise by a simple urrow, 
containing 2 ovule. Styles 5, joined in one, short, crowned, y 
a simple 5-furrowed, peltate, broader stigma, deciduous. Cap- 
sules 5, connected at the base, but spreading at the apex, convex 
XLIII. Boymra. XLIV. Topparia. 805 
outside, but angular, and opening inwardly, each containing a 
solitary, globose, smooth seed. Shrubs with impari-pinnate 
leaves. 
1 B. ruTæÆca'rra (Juss. in mem, mus. 12. t. 25. no. 39.). 
k. G. Native of China, where it is called Ou-tchou-yu. The 
fruit, when infused in cold water, exhales a scent like Ptclea. 
Rue-fruited Boymia. Shrub. 
2 B. Martinicr’nsis ; leaves impari-pinnate, prickly ; leaflets 
alternate, oblong, quite entire; stigma peltate; flowers pentan- 
drous. k.S. Nativeof Martinique. Zanthóxylum Martini- 
cénse, D. C. prod. 1. p. 726. Fagàra Martinicénsis, Lam. ill. 
no. 1659. 
Martinique Boymia. Shrub. 
Cult. See Zanthéxylum for cultivation and propagation. 
XLIV. TODDA‘LIA (Kaka- Toddali is the Malabar name of 
T. aculeàta). Juss. gen. 371. Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 24. D.C. 
prod. 2. p. 83. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 508. t. 26. 
no. 40.—Scopòlia, Smith, in Rees’ cycl.—Cránzia, Schreb. no. 
362. Vépris, spec. Comm. 
Liv. syst. Mone’ cia, Pentandria. Flowers of separate sexes. 
Calyx short, 5-toothed. Petals 5, longer than the calyx, spread- 
ing much. Male flowers. Stamens 5, longer than the petals, 
inserted round about the base of the gynophore, bearing a pris- 
matical 5-sided rudiment of a pistil. Female flowers. Fila- 
ments 5, very short, sterile. Ovary seated on a gland-like, 
short, 5-furrowed gynophore, simple, egg-shaped, fleshy, 5- 
celled, each cell containing 2 ovulæ. Stigma almost sessile, 
peltate, 5-lobed. Fruit fleshy, dotted, 5-furrowed, 5-cclled, 
each cell containing 1 angular, kidney-shaped seed. Embryo 
arched.—Dwarf shrubs, with alternate, trifoliate leaves, full of 
pellucid dots. Panicles of flowers axillary, usually solitary, 
rarely twin; pedicels furnished with bracteas. Male and fe- 
male flowers on different branches, never on separate trees. 
Branches, petioles, and peduncles, usually prickly. Number 
of parts of flowers sometimes in fours. Petals in bud con- 
volute, 
1 T. acurza‘ta (Pers. ench. 249.) prickles on branches re- 
curved ; leaflets ovate-oblong. .S. Native of the Mauri- 
tius and of the Indian archipelago. Paullinia Asiática, Lin. 
spec. 524. Scopolia aculeata, Smith, ined. 2. p. 34. T. Asia- 
tica, Lam. Flowers white, strong-scented. 
Var. a, acanthophylla (D. C. prod. 2. p. 83.) racemes shorter 
than the leaves ; leaves prickly ; leaflets ovate-lanceolate. k. S, 
Native of Malabar.—Rheed. mal. 5. t. 41. 
Var. (3, nítida (Lam. ill. t. 139. f. 1.) racemes longer than the 
leaves; leaflets ovate, unarmed. h. S. Native of Ceylon. 
Burm. zeyl. p. 28. t. 24. 
Var. y, rubricatlis (Willd. in Roem, et Schult. 5. p. 
branches pubescent; leaves unarmed ; leaflets obovate, acu- 
minated. h.S. Native of the East Indies. 
Prickly Toddalia. Clt. 1790. Shrub 6 feet. 
2 T. ancustirousA (Lam. ill. no. 2759.) branches unarmed, 
pubescent ; leaflets linear-lanceolate, shining, veined beneath ; 
racemes lateral, shorter than the leaves. b. 5. Native of 
the Mauritius and the East Indies. Rubentia angustifolia? 
Boj. Scopdlia angustifolia, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 779. Flowers 
white. 
Narrow-leaved Toddalia. Clt. 1824. Shrub 6 feet. 
3 T. Mecapota Mica; unarmed ; leaflets lanceolate, abruptly 
acuminated, quite entire, opaque, smooth ; panicles axillary, di- 
h.S. Native of Brazil, at Rio Grande. Scopolia 
323.) 
varicating. ) 
Megapotamica, Spreng. syst. app. p. 91. Flowers white. 
Rio Grande Toddalia. Shrub 6 feet. 
4 T. vexòsa; leaflets spatulately-lanceolate, mucronate, quite 
smooth, shining above, veined beneath ; branches warted ; 
