806 
branchlets smooth ; racemes axillary. h.S. Native of Brazil, 
at Rio Grande. Scopolia vendsa, Spreng. syst. app. p. 91. 
Veiny-leaved Toddalia. Shrub 6 feet. 
Cult. These shrubs thrive best in a mixture of loam, sand, 
and peat; and cuttings, planted in a pot of sand, will strike root 
readily, if placed under a hand-glass, in heat, 
XLV. VE‘PRIS (from vepres, a briar or bramble). Andr. 
Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 509. t. 26. no. 41. Toddalia and 
Scopolia, species of authors. 
Lin.syst. Monce'cia, Octandria. Flowers of separate sexes. 
Calyx short, 4-parted. Petals 4, longer than the calyx, spread- 
ing much. Male flowers. Stamens 8, 4 of which are opposite 
the petals, and are shorter than the others, inserted around the 
base of the gynophore, which bears the rudiments of 4 ovaries. 
Female flowers. Ovary seated ona very short, gland-like, 8- 
lobed gynophore, surrounded by 8 very minute scales, simple, 
globose, fleshy, 4-celled, each cell containing 2 ovule. Stigma 
sessile, broad, convex, peltate, 4-lobed. Fruit fleshy, dotted, 
4-furrowed, 4-celled; cells 1-seeded. Seed egg-shaped, 2- 
celled, one of which is abortive. Embryo a little arched.— 
Small trees, with alternate, trifoliate leaves; leaflets entire, 
quite smooth, reticulated, and full of pellucid dots. Flowers 
panicled, terminal, male and female on different branches, but 
not on different plants ? Petals in the bud convolute. 
1 V. LANCEOLATA ; leaflets lanceolate, acuminated, shining ; 
panicles terminal. h.S. Native of the Mauritius. Toddalia 
lanceolata, Lam. ill. no. 2760. Scopdlia lanceolata, Spreng. syst. 
1. p. 779. Flowers white. 
Lanceolate-leaved Vepris. Shrub 6 feet. 
2 V. ozova'ra; leaflets obovate, bluntish ; petioles margined ; 
panicle terminal, corymbose. h.S. Native of the Mauritius. 
Toddalia paniculata, Lam. ill. t. 139. f. 2. -Scopdlia inérmis, 
Smith, icon. ined. 2. p. 34. Scop. paniculata, Spreng. syst. 1. 
p. 779. V.inérme, Andr. Juss. l. c. t. 26. no. 41. Flowers 
white. 
Obovate-leaved Vepris. Clt. 1824. Shrub 10 feet. 
Cult. See Toddaha for cultivation and propagation. 
XLVI. PTELEA (rredea, ptelea, the Greek name of the 
elm, from raw, ptao, to fly; in allusion to the winged fruit). 
Lin. gen. no. 152. Lam. ill, te 84. Geert. fruct. 1. t. 40. 
Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 23. D. C. prod. 2. p. 82. Andr. Juss. 
in mem. mus. 12. p. 500. t. 26. no. 42. Bellùcia, Adans. 
Lin. syst. Monoécia, Tetra-Pentdndria. Flowers of se- 
parate sexes. Calyx short, 4-5-parted. Petals 4-5, longer 
than the calyx, spreading much. Male flowers. Stamens 4-5, 
longer than the petals; filaments thickened below and hairy, 
inserted around the base of the gynophore, bearing an abortive 
pistil, much shorter than the stamens. Female flowers. Sta- 
mens 4-5,-very short, bearing barren anthers. Ovary seated on 
a convex gynophore, compressed, 2-3-celled, each cell containing 
2 ovule. Style short, terminated by a 2-3-lobed stigma. Fruit 
compressed, indehiscent, samara-like, turgid, 2-3-celled, each 
cell containing 1 seed expanded around into a membranous 
netted orbicular wing. Seeds oblong. Embryo straight.— 
Shrubs with alternate, simple, ternate, or quinate leaves, full of 
pellucid dots ; lateral leaflets unequal-sided. Flowers greenish- 
white, corymbose ; cormybs compound, in axillary or terminal 
panicles ; pedicels furnished with bracteas. Male flowers some- 
times with 6 or 7 anthers; stamens unequal. Female flowers 
sometimes with a 3-celled ovary and a $-lobed stigma. 
* Leaves trifoliate. 
1 P. TRIFOLIA TA (Lin. spec. 173.) leaflets ovate, acute, mid- 
dle one tapering much to the base ; flowers in corymbs, usually 
RUTACEA. XLV. Verris. XLVI. Prerea. XLVII. BLACKBURNIA. 
tetrandrous. h. H. Native of North America, from New 
York to Carolina in shady moist hedges, and on the edges of 
woods among rocks. Flowers small, greenish-white in corym- 
bose clusters. 
Var. B, pentaphylla (D. C. prod. 2. p. 83.) leaflets 5. 
Var. y, pubéscens (Pursh, fl. amer. sept. 1. p. 107.) leaves pu- 
bescent. h. H. Native of Pennsylvania. 
Shrubby Trefoil. Fl. June, July. Clt. 1704. Shrub 10 to 
15 feet. 
2 P. penta’npra (Moc. et Sesse, fl. mex. icon. ined. D. C. 
prod. 2. p. 83.) leaflets oval, on short stalks, tapering to both 
ends; flowers panicled, pentandrous. h. G. Native of Mexico. 
Flowers greenish-white. 
Pentandrous Shrubby Trefoil. Shrub 6 to 10 feet. 
3 P. ropoca’rra (D. C. prod. 2. p. 83.) leaflets ovate, blunt 
at the base, sessile; corymbs few-flowered ; fruit elliptical, on 
pedicels. %.G. Native of Mexico. Pt. trifoliata, Moc. et 
Sesse. fl. mex. icon. ined. Flowers greenish-white. 
Foot-fruited Shrubby Trefoil. Shrub 10 feet. 
* * Leaves simple. 
4 P. ovara (Lour. fl. coch. 82.) leaves ovate; racemes 
short, scattered. h. G. Native of Cochin-china. Seringia ovata, 
Spreng. syst. 1. p. 441. Stigma simple. Flowers dioecious, 
the male only having been seen, therefore the genus 1s very 
doubtful. 
Ovate-leaved Ptelea. Shrub 4 feet. 
5? P. monorny’rra (Lam. dict. vol. 5.) leaves ovate-lan- 
ceolate, nearly sessile; flowers racemose ; fruit 3-winged. R . H. 
Native of Carolina. 
One-leaved Ptelea. Shrub 4 feet. 
Cult. The hardy species of Ptélea will grow in any common 
soil; they are well adapted for shrubberies, and they are generally 
increased by seeds, which should be sown in a light soil in April, 
they may also be increased by layers. The greenhouse kinds 
will thrive well in a mixture of loam and peat; and ripened 
cuttings will strike root, if planted in a pot of sand, with a hand- 
glass placed over them. 
XLVII. BLACKBU’RNIA (in honour of John Blackburn, 
an English naturalist). Forst. gen. t. 6. D.C. prod. 2. p. 83. 
—Blackbotrnea, Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 24. 
Lin. syst. Dioecia, Tetrdndria. Flowers of separate sexes. 
Calyx 4-toothed ; teeth acute, horizontal. Petals 4, elliptical, 
hypogynous and valvate when in bud (Kunth). Stamens t 
Ovary conical, 1-seeded. Style filiform. Stigma simple. Berry ! 
1-seeded.—Treés, with simple or abruptly pinnate leaves. 
Flowers in axillary racemes or panicles. 
1 B. pryna‘ta (Forst. gen. t. 6.) leaves pinnate ; leaflets 
oblong, blunt, unequal at the base; panicles small, axillary. 
h.G. Native of Norfolk Island. Ptélea pinnata, Lin. fil. supp: 
126. Samara Blackbúrnia, Spreng. syst. 1. p. 441. Leaves 
quite smooth, with 2 or 3 pairs of leaflets. Flowers yellow. 
Pinnate-leaved Blackburnia. Tree 20 feet. 
2 B. monape’teua (Roxb. fl. ind. 1. p. 435.) leaves alter- 
nate, lanceolate; filaments united at the base ; nectary a sta- 
miniferous ring surrounding the base of the ovary; berry supe 
rior, 1-seeded ; seed arillate. p. S. Native of the East In Jes 
on the mountainous parts of the Circars. A large, erect, um 
ber-tree ; the wood is white, close-grained, and durable ; an 
in the country of its natural growth is employed by the nn 
for a variety of purposes. Flowers small, yellow, dispose oo 
an axillary, frequently compound raceme. Berry about the size 
of a cherry ; when ripe it has a deep-purple bloom, which a e 
it very inviting to the eye. Seed of a lively purple colour: 
