RUTACEÆ. XLVIII. Aianrus. XLIX. PoLEmBRYUM. L. Psevpiosma. LI. Tuysanvs. 
Bark yellowish-green outside, but of a deep red on the inside, 
tinging the spittle with that colour. Itis a strong astringent. 
Monadelphous Blackburnia. Tree 60 feet. 
Cult. These trees will dọ well in a mixture of loam, peat, 
and a little sand ; and ripened cuttings will strike root if planted 
in a pot of sand, with a hand-glass placed over them, in a mo- 
derate heat. 
_ XLVIII. AILA’NTUS (Ailanto is the name of 4. glandulòsa 
in the Moluccas). Desf. in act. acad. par. 1786. p. 263. t. 8. 
Kunth, gen. tereb. p. 26. D. C. prod. 2. p. 88. Andr. Juss. 
m mem. mus. 12. p. 511. Pongèlion, Rheed. 
Lin. syst. Polygàmia, Monoècia. Flowers polygamous. 
Male ones. Calyx 5-cleft. Petals 5, longer than the calyx, 
spreading. Stamens 10, the 5 opposite the petals shortest. 
Disk central, bearing the petals and stamens around its sides, 
drawn out above into a 5-plicate ring, with 5 minute, dis- 
tinct ovaries, or fewer, immersed between the plaits of the 
disk. Hermaphrodite or female flowers, with the calyx, 
petals, and disk as in the male, but with fewer stamens. 
Ovaries 3-5, distinct, compressed, each rising from the inner 
notch of the style, terminated by a spreading stigma. Sa- 
mare 3-5, oblong, tongue-shaped, compressed, membranous, 
netted, tumid in the middle, and 1-celled; cell 1-seeded; seed 
compressed. Albumen wanting. Embryo straight, with a short, 
superior radicle, and leafy cotyledons.—Tall trees, with abruptly 
or Impari-pinnate leaves ; leaflets opposite, unequal-sided, entire, 
or toothed, without dots. Flowers whitish-green or yellowish, 
disposed in large branched, terminal, fascicled panicles ; pedicels 
furnished with bracteas. Petals twisted in the bud at the apex, 
the rest convolutely-valvate. 
_ 1 A. Granpuésa (Desf. l. ce. Lher. stirp. t. 84.) leaves 
impari-pinnate ; leaflets coarsely toothed at the base, furnished 
with glands beneath the teeth. h.H. Native of China and 
the Moluccas, where it is called 4ilanto. Ailantus précera, Sal. 
prod. 271. Rhus. hypsotodéndron, Moench. Rhus. cacodén- 
dron, Ehrh. beitr. 2. p. 111, Rhus. Sinénse, 1. c. Ellis. in phil. 
trans. 49. p. 870. t. 25. f. 5. and vol. 50. p. 446. t. 17. Flowers 
whitish-green, exhaling a disagreeable odour. Leaves 3 feet 
long. The tree grows very fast in England, and being handsome, 
is proper for ornamental plantations. If the bark be wounded, 
a resinous juice flows out, which hardens in a few days. The 
wood is hard, heavy, glossy like satin, and is susceptible of a 
very fine polish. With us the tree has hitherto produced only 
male flowers ; at Paris and Leyden it has borne female flowers 
and fruit, but the fruit has not ripened. Some years it bears 
only male flowers, but about twice in ten years it bears both 
male and female flowers in France. Mr. Miller supposed this 
to be the Fasi-no-ki or spurious varnish-tree of the Japanese, 
but it is clear he was mistaken, because the leaves of that tree 
are entire. . 
Glandular-leaved or Chinese Ailanto. Fl. Aug. Clt. 1751. 
Tree 60 feet. . 
2 A. exce’tsa (Roxb. cor. 1. t. 28.) leaves abruptly pinnate ; 
leaflets coarsely toothed at the base, without glands. h. S. 
Native of the East Indies, on the mountainous parts of the 
Cirears, Flowers whitish-yellow. Leaves 3 feet long, having 
10-14 pairs of leaflets. The wood is white and light, but it 
soon perishes; it is chiefly used to make cattamarans (rafts for 
fishermen to go a fishing on). 
Tall Ailanto. Clt. 1800. Tree 66 feet. ; 
3 A. Motucca'na (D.C. prod. 2. p. 89.) leaves abruptly pin- 
nate; leaflets entire ; samare acute at both ends, free from each 
other. h.S. Native of the Moluccas. A. integrifolia var a, 
Lam. dict. 3. p. 417. 
Molucca Ailanto. Tree 50 feet. 
807 
„4 A. Marara'rica (D. C. prod. 2. p. 89.) leaves abruptly 
pinnate ; leaflets entire; samara blunt at both ends, connected 
together at the base. h.S. Native of Malabar. Ponyélion 
or Perimarum, Rheed. mal. 6. t. 15. Tree 12 feet in diameter. 
The wood is made into sheaths for spears, Mc. The bruised 
leaves give an elegant tinge to water. The fruit triturated with 
mango, and mixed with rice in decoétion makes a good injection 
for ophthalmia and aphalalgia. There is a resinous juice flows 
from the bark when wounded. l 
Malabar Ailanto. Tree 50 feet. 
Cult. The A. glandulòsa is a very desirable tree for planta- 
tions, or to stand singly on lawns; it is easily increased by slips 
of the roots. The others are stove trees; these will grow frecly 
in a mixture of loam and peat; and the best way to increase 
these is by pieces of the roots, planted in a pot with their points 
above the ground, and placed in a hot-bed frame, where they 
will soon make fine plants. 
+ The following genera are allied to Rutacea, but they are 
not sufficiently known to be placed in any particular situation. 
XLIX. POLE’MBRYUM (from zodv, poly, many, and 
eußpvov, embryon, an embryo; embryos numerous). Andr. Juss. 
in mem. mus. 12, p. 519. t. 28. no. 49. 
Lin. syst. unknown. Fruit almost sessile, echinated, of 5 
carpels, connected together by the sides, but at last becoming 
free. Endocarp cartilaginous, woody, with 2 elastic valves 1- 
seeded, sometimes probably 2-seeded, separable from the sarco- 
carp. Seed bluntly ovate or ovate-conical, cach marked at the 
base by a large very black spot under a very thin testaceous in- 
tegument, embracing the embryos, which are usually 3 in a 
whorl, inverted, unequal. Cotyledons fleshy, very thick, unequal, 
dotted, with the radicle hardly exserted. The rest unknown. This 
genus will probably come near to Calodéndron, with which it is 
commonly called Wild Chesnut by the natives of the Cape of 
Good Hope. 
1 P. castanexca’reon (St. Hil. in mem. mus. 12, t. 28. no 
49.) h. G. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
Chesnut-fruited Polembryum. Tree? 
Cult. See Calodéndron for cultivation and propagation. 
L. PSEUDIO’SMA (from yevênc, pscudes, false; false 
Didsma). Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 519. 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Monogynia. Calyx 5-parted. Petals 
5, longer than the calyx. Anthers 5, sessile, connivent. Ovary 
5-lobed, girded by a crown-like nectary. Style and stigma simple. 
Carpels 5, each seated ona separate stipe, somewhat kidney- 
shaped, each containing a solitary seed, but not calyptrate.— A 
little tree, with simple, lanceolate, quite entire, smooth, alternate 
leaves. Flowers yellow, disposed in almost terminal compound 
racemes. 
1 P. Asia‘tica. h. G. Native of Cochin-china, on mount 
Hon-chen. Didsma Asiática, Lour. fl. coch. 161. 
Asiatic Pseudiosma. Shrub 6 feet. 
Cult. This shrub will grow very well in a mixture of loam 
and peat; and young cuttings will root in a pot of sand under a 
hand-yglass. 
LI. THYSA'NUS (from Sucavoc, thysanos, a fringe; in allu- 
sion to the red fringed coat of the seed). Lour. fl. coch. 284. 
D. C. prod. 2. p. 91. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 521. 
Lix. syst. Decándria, Tetragýnia. Calyx of 5 permanent 
sepals. Petals 5, oblong, equal in length to the calyx, spread- 
ing. Stamens 10, short, with reflexed filaments, and roundish 
erect anthers. Ovary tetragonal. Styles 4, filiform, inserted 
