SIMARUBE, III. Simapa. IV. Samapera. V. Nima. VI. HIARRISONIA. 
Aubl. guian. 1. p. 400 and 293. Zwingéra, Schreb. gen. no. 
1752. Phyllostemma, Neck.—Quassia species, Rich. 
Lin. syst. Octo-Decandria, Monogynia. Flowers herma- 
phrodite. Calyx small, 4-5-parted, cleft or toothed. Petals 4-5, 
broad at the base, spreading, much longer than the calyx. Stamens 
8-10, a little shorter than the petals. Ovaries equal in number 
to the petals, rarely fewer, seated on an equal or broader gyno- 
phore. Styles 4-5, distinct at the base, but connected at the 
top, terminated by a single 4-5-lobed, toothed, or furrowed 
stigma. Fruit 4-5, drupaceous; drupes usually dry, 1-seeded. 
—Trees or shrubs, with alternate, ternate, abruptly or impari- 
pinnate leaves, sometimes, but seldom, simple, on the same 
branch ; leaflets opposite, rarely subalternate, quite entire, for 
the most part coriaceous, shining, seldom pubescent. Flowers 
whitish, greenish, or somewhat yellowish flesh-coloured, axillary, 
but usually terminal, racemose or panicled; pedicels furnished 
with bracteas. Bark, leaves, and fruit bitter. 
1 S. Gurane’nsts (Aubl. guian. 1. p. 400. t. 153.) leaves im- 
pari-pinnate, with 1 or 2 pairs of oval-oblong leaflets, taper- 
pointed at both ends, and emarginate at the apex ; racemes axil- 
lary. %.S. Native of Guiana, in woods. Zwingéra amara, 
Willd. spec. 2. p. 569. Flowers white, usually 4-cleft. The 
_ bark of this tree is bitter, and most probably possesses the same 
medicinal qualities as Qudssia amara, and Simaraba excélsa. 
Guiana Simaba. FI. June. Clt. 1826. Shrub 8 feet. 
2 S. Ortnoce'nsis (H. B. et Kunth, nov. gen. amer. 6. p. 18. 
t. 514. a et b.) leaves sometimes trifoliate, with the leaflets 
rising sometimes from the top of the petiole, sometimes abruptly 
pinnate, with 1-3 pairs of oblong obtuse leaflets; racemes 
terminal. h. S. Native on the banks of the Orinoco, near 
Carichana, l 
Orinoco Simaba. Clt. 1818. Tree 20 feet. 
3 S. FLORIBUNDA (St. Hil. bull. phil. 1823. p. 129. pl. rem. 
bras. 1. p. 126. t. 10.) leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets lanceolate- 
elliptical, oblong, bluntish, smooth; panicle large, compound. 
h. S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Novas. 
Bundle-flomered Simaba. Shrub. 
4 S. suave'otens (St. Hil. in bull. philom. p. 12. pl. rem. 
bras. 1. p. 128. t. 11. A.) leaves abruptly-pinnate, upper ones 
sometimes trifoliate and simple ; leaflets elliptical or roundish- 
elliptical, smooth; flowers terminal, racemose; racemes com- 
pound. h. S. Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas 
Geraes. 
Sweet-scented Simaba. Fl. March. Shrub. 
5 S. rerrucrnea (St. Hil. l. c. and pl. rem. bras. 1. p. 
127. fl. bras. 1. p. 72. t. 14.) leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets 
elliptical, pubescent, nerved beneath ; panicle compound, almost 
sessile, shorter than the leaves. h. S. Native of Brazil, in the 
province of Minas Geraes. Branches and leaves clothed with 
Tusty pubescence. 
Rusty Simaba. F]. Sept. Tree 20 feet. 
6 S. rricnizioipes (St. Hil. 1. c. and pl. rem. bras. 1. p. 
129. t. 11. B.) leaves impari-pinnate or abruptly pinnate ; leaf- 
lets elliptical, very blunt, mucronulate at the apex, nerved, pu- 
bescent above, and somewhat tomentose beneath ; panicle simple, 
much longer than the leaves, clothed with rufous down. h.S 
Native of Brazil, in the province of Minas Geraes. 
Trichilia-like Simaba. Fl. May. Shrub 8 feet. 
7 S. Artsa (St. Hil. mss.) leaves trifoliate ; leaflets lan- 
ceolate, acuminated; racemes terminal. h. S. Native of 
French Guiana. Ariba Guianénsis, Aubl. guian. 1. p. 293. t. 
115. Flowers greenish, of 5 or 6 petals. Calyx 5-6-parted. Ova- 
ries 3-6. Stamens 5-8. 
Aruba Simaba. FI. July. Shrub 6 feet. a 
Cult. The species of this genus are only worth cultivating 
on account of their medical properties; a mixture of light turfy 
811 
loam and peat suits them well, and ripened cuttings will root if 
planted in a pot of sand with a hand-glass placed over them, 
in heat. 
Ea 
IV. SAMADE'RA (meaning unknown). Geert. fruct. 2. 
p. 352. t. 156. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus, 12. p. 516. t 27. 
no. 46.—Samandùra, Lin. fl. zeyl.—Locándra, Adans.— Vitt- 
mannia, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 51. t. 62.—Niòta, Lam. ill. t. 299. 
D. C. prod. 1. p. 592. but notof Adans. Biporèia, Pet. Th. 
gen. mad. p. 14.—Mauduíta, Comm. mss. 
Lix. syst. Octándria, Monogýnia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 
Calyx short, 4-parted. Petals 4, much longer than the calyx. 
Stamens 8, shorter than the petals. Ovaries 4, seated on a nar- 
rower, short, stipe-like gynophore. Styles 4, distinct at the 
base, but connected in one at the apex, much longer than the 
petals, ending in a single acute stigma. Fruit 4, cohnected into 
one drupe.— Trees, with alternate, simple, veiny leaves. Pe- 
duncles axillary or terminal, pendulous, terminating in a 5-12- 
flowered umbel, involucrated, with minute bracteas at the base. 
Flowers largish, white outside, and blood-coloured on the in- 
side. Divers parts bitter. A fifth part is sometimes added to 
the flower. 
1 S. rerrare’TALA; flowers 4-petalled, octandrous ; leaves 
oblong, obtuse, somewhat coriaceous ; pericarp compressed, cap- 
sule-like; peduncles few-flowered. h.S. Native of Mada- 
gascar. Niota tetrapétala, Lam. ill. t. 299. S. Madagasca- 
riénsis, Andr. Juss, l. c. Mauduita penduliflora, Comm. ined. 
Vittmannia elliptica, Vahl. symb. 3. p. 51. t. 62. Peduncles 
lateral, bearing at the apex 5 or 6 1-flowered pedicels, disposed 
in an umbel. 
Four-petalled Samadera. Shrub 10 feet. 
2 S. penrape’rata; flowers 3-5-petalled, but usually 4-pe- 
talled, with an equal number of stamens; peduncles many- 
flowered, umbellate ; pericarp very thick, drupe-like. h. S. 
Native of the East Indies, particularly of Malabar. Niota pen- 
tapétala, Poir. dict. 4. p. 490.—Karin-njotti, Rheed. mal. 6. t. 
18. Fruit intensely bitter, as well as the bark. 
Five-petalled Samadera. Tree 40 feet. 
Cult. See Simaba for culture and propagation. 
V. NI'MA (the name of the tree in Nipaul). Hamilt. mss. in 
D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 248. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. 
p. 516. Simaba spec. D. Don, l. c. l 
Lin. syst. Pentándria, Pentagynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 
Calyx 5-parted, permanent. Petals 5, oblong. Stamens 5; 
filaments dilated at the base. Ovaries 5, connected together, 
pilose, seated on the thick disk beneath the petals. Styles 5, 
connected at the base, but distinct and revolute at the apex, each 
terminated by a stigma. Capsules 5, or fewer from abortion, 
roundish, 1-seeded. Embryo large, without albumen. —A tree, 
with alternate impari-pinnate leaves, having 4 pairs of serrated 
leaflets. Flowers disposed in panicled corymbs. 7 
1 N. avassioipes (Hamilt. mss.) h. G. Native of Nipaul, in 
a valley near the town called Thankot. Leaflets elliptical-oblong, 
acuminated, serrated. Corymbs trichotomous. Simaba quas- 
sioides, D. Don, prod. fl. nep. p. 248. 
Quassia-like Nima. FI. April. Tree. l 
Cult. See Simàba for cultivation and propagation. 
VI. HARRISO'NIA (named after some botanist of the name 
of Harrison). R. Br. mss. Andr. Juss. in mem. mus. 12. p. 517. 
. 47. 
ne syst. Octandria, Monogynia. Flowers hermaphrodite. 
Calyx short, 4-cleft. Petals 4, much longer than the calyx. 
Stamens 8; filaments each inserted on the back of a bifid, fringed 
scale. Ovary simple, tapering to the base into a stipe, 4-lobed 
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