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Wheat In drills, where three gallons of feed were allowed to an acre, a produce of nine quarters 

 per acre ; now this is no more than an eighth part of the feed ufually fown by farmers, who lel- 

 dom reap more than one-third of this produce j by which It appears plainly, that in the common 

 method of hufbandry, there is at leaft eight times the quantity of feed fown upon the hnd that is 

 neceflary. How great a faving this would be in a whole country, I leave every one to judge, efpe- 

 cially in fcarce years, when Corn is dear ; and what an expence is occafioned by the contrary prac- 

 tice to the farmers, who notwithftanding feem ujiwilllng to alter their ancleht cuftoms. Thefe 

 matters are treated of under the articles Avena, Hordeum, Secale, and Triticum. 



Nor are the common farmers better managers of their pafture lands; for on them they feldom 

 are at the trouble of rooting up bad weeds, which frequently over-run them ; thefe are often permit- 

 ted to fcatter their feeds, by which the land is flocked with a fupply of weeds for feven years or more^ 

 tho' the utmoft care be taken afterward to deftroy them : but tho' there are fome farmers who may be 

 fuppofed more careful in this refpcd, yet thefe leave in their head lands, and on their banks, hedge- 

 rows, and the fides of ditches, a fufficlent number of weeds to ftock their fields when the feeds 

 are permitted to fcatter : befide, thefe paftures have rarely a fufficient quantity of manure allowed 

 them, efpecially where there is much arable land ^ nor is the drefling laid on at a proper feafon ; the 

 general rule with moft of the farmers being to carry and fpread the dung upon their paftures, foon after 

 the crop of hay is taken off the ground; and as this is done in fummer, the heat of the fun draws all 

 the moifture from it, whereby the greater part of its goodnefs is evaporated and loft.- But as thefe 

 points are more fully treated of in the body of ^this work, the author defires the reader to refer 

 to them. • 



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On the article of Timber perhaps many may fuppofe, the author has been too diffufe in his in- 

 ftrudions i but if thofe who are of that opinion will only confider, how^material an article this is 

 to the welfare of this country, he flatters himfelf they will change their fentiments, efpecially when 



they refle6l upon the great yafte that has been made of it for many years paft ; as alfo that the 

 perfons now employed by the government to cultivate and improve it, deriving their own profits fro lu 

 the wafte of timber, feem to think, that as their predeceffors have long pradlifed it, \hey have a 

 right to do the fame ^ this is now carried to fo great an extravagance, that unlefs a fpee3y ftbp be 

 put to it, the government will be greatly diflrefled for their marine. For although this praaib^ began* 

 , in the Royal Forefts; &c. yet feveral of the nobility and gentry, who had very great quantities of tim- 

 ber growing upon their eftate$, have deftroyed a confiderable part of theirs alio; therefore, from a due 

 regard for the public, the author has treated of the beft methods for propagating and preferving 

 timber, which he hopes may not be dilpleafing to the generality of his readers. ^ • .. ' 



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The feveral plants here propofed for trial in the Britifh dominions in America, are fuch as there 

 is reafon to believe will fucceed in thofe parts where the experiments are defired to be made, 

 and confined to fuch only, as may be of utility to the public, and real advantage to the inha- 

 bitants of thofe countries :' furthermore, thefe experiments are propofed to be tried upon plants which 

 will not fucceed well in England, fo as to render their culture pradlicable, and therefore will not in- 

 terfere with the growth or trade of this country, and the confumption of which is very great here, ma- 

 ny of them being of very confiderable ufe in our manufa6lures, which cannot be carried on without 

 them; as namely the Safflower, Indigo, and feveral other forts ufed in dyeing, none of which will thrive 

 in this country to advantage, with many medicinal drugs, which, if introduced into the iflands of Ame- 

 rica, will certainly thrive there as well as in their native foils. Coffee and Chocolate grow equally well 

 there ; but the former being gathered before It Is ripe, ill dried, and brought over to England in 

 Ihips freighted with rum and fugars, the effluvia of thefe commodities are imbibed by the Coffee, 

 whereby it is rendered lefs valuable : as to the latter, it was formerly cultivated by the Spaniards in 

 the ifland of Jamaica, when they were in poffelTion of it, fo as to furnifh the inhabitants with a quan- 

 tity fufficient for their own confumption ; whereas the Englifh inhabitants now refident there, pur- 

 chafe it of the Spaniards : thefe articles therefore require the public attention, for if the above commo- 

 dities may be eafily produced in the Britifh colonies in America, they will not only fupply us with 

 fuch as are genuine, but alfo turn the balance of trade, greatly to the advantage both of Great-Britain 

 V and her colonies. . , 



It is alfo a great negleft of the inhabitants of the fugar iflands in America, to commit the care 

 of their plantations to overfeers, who at beft go on in their ufual courfe, planting eight or ten 

 fugar canes in each hill, fo that if five or fix of them grow, they will be fo clofe as to fpoil eaclv 

 other ; for whenever thefe plants are ftinted in their growth, they are foon attacked by vermin, 

 which fpread and multiply fo greatly, as frequently to deftroy the whole crop, or at leaft very much to 

 damage it ; and this they lay upon Inclement feafons, calling it a blight, whereas It proceeds from their. 



own covetous cuftom. 



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bequeathed to him upon his arrival there, was determined to make trial of the horfe-hoeing hufbandry 



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