A 



A 



A 



A 



when tliey have obtained ftrength, they will bear the 



great progrefs -, whereas iu dry ground they frequent- 

 ly Hint, and produce plenty of male flowers and cones, 

 by the time they get to the height of four or five feet. 

 Wlien the branches of thefe rees are cut off to trim 

 them up to have ftems, it fliould be done gradually, 

 never cutting more than one tier of branches in one 

 year; for if too many wounds are made at the fame 

 time on thefe refinous trees, the turpentine will ifllie 

 out in fuch quantities a& to weaken and check their 

 growth. The beft time for pruning thefe trees is in 

 September, at which time they abound not fb much 

 ' in turpentine as in the fpring, and, confequently, do 

 not bleed much. What flows out at that feafon, is 



L 



feldom more than is neceflary for covering the wounds, 

 to prevent the wet and cold of the fucceeding winter 

 from penetrating the wounded parts. Thefe branches 



fliould be cut clofe to the trunk. ' . ' ^ ; 



ABROTANUM, or Southernwood. See Artemisia. 



ABROTANUM FCEMINA. SccSantolina. 

 ABRUS. See Glycine. ' " ' ^ — 



A B S I N T HI U M, Wormwood, 

 ABUtlLON. 'See'SiDA. ;; ' 

 ACACIA, Egyptian Thorn, or Binding Bean Tree. 



See Mimosa. /' ' ' ' ' ' 



AC A L Y P H A,' three feeded Mercury. This genus 



" *of plants is by Dr. Linn^us ranged in the ninth fec- 

 ' tion of his twenty-flrft clafs, wliich comprehends fuch 

 • ' plants as have their male flov/ers furniflied with one 

 " let of united flamina. ;" 



The Characters are, ' ^' ■ » i - ( 



7*he male flowers are in clujlers fituated ahove the female 



in the fame plant. . Thefe have no corolla : they have a 



four leaved em-palement with feveral fl.wrt ftamina^ which 



. are joined at their hafe^ having roimdifo fmmnits'. ' The 



*" ''^em'dte flowers have a large empalemerity a three leaved cup 



' which is permanent : Jhey have no corolla, ' A roundiflj 

 germen with three branching ftyles^ and a long fligma. 



*' The cup afterwards 'turns to a capfule with three cells ^ 



J .eacp fontaining one roundifh feed. 

 The Species are," •" /•' 



J 



open fun very well,' and in a moifl: foil will make ' grows in great plenty. This is alfo an annual plant. 



See Artemisia. 



^ -H 1 S 



3 



/■ * 



*!: AcALYPHA {Virginica) involucris foemineis cordatis in- 



cifis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis petiololongioribus. Hort. 



Upfal. 290. i. e. Three feeded Mercury^ whofe female 



' flowers have a hcart-fhaped empalement^ and oval fpear- 



' flmped leaves^ with long foot-ftalks. Mercurialis tri- 



* coccos hermaphroditica. 



2. AcALYPHA (Virgata) fpicis fcemineis involucris cor- 



* datis ferratis ^ mafculis aphyllis diflinftis foliis lanceo- 

 ' lato-ovatisi Amoen. Acad. 5. p. 410. Three feeded Mer- 

 " cioy^ whofe female flowers have an indented heart-fhaped 

 ' empalement^ diftinB from the male. " , - - ■- 



AcALYPHA {Indica) involudns fcemineis cordatis fub- 

 crenatis, foliis ovatis petiolo brevioribus. Flor. Zeyl. 



341. Mercury^ whofe female fliowershave'heart-floapcd 

 crenated cmpakments^ and oval leaves. ' " 

 The firft fort grows naturally in Virginia, and feveral 

 other parts of North America, from whence I re- 

 ceived the feeds. It is an annual plant, which fel- 

 dom -grows more than a foot high, fending out fe- 

 veral fide branches towards the bottom. The leaves are 

 very like thofe of the broad leaved Pellitory'of the 

 wall, and are placed alternately, having longToot- 

 ftalks, from the alas, or wings of the lear The flpw- 

 ers are prodiiced in fmall clufl;ers, the male always 

 being above the female. Thefe make but a poor ap- 

 pearance, and refemble thofe of the Pellitory fo much, 

 that at a fmall diftance, any perfon might fuppofe 

 them to be the fame, till convinced by a nearer in- 

 fpeftlon. ' .^ . : I 



If the feeds of this fort are permitted to fcatter, the 

 plants will come up in the fpring, better than if fown 

 by hand ; for if they are not put into the ground in 

 Autumn, they rarely grow the firft year. All the cul- 

 ture this plant requires, is to keep it clear from weeds, 

 and let it remain where it was fowh, for it doth not 



It-flowers in Auguft, and the 



bear removing well, 

 feeds ripen in Oftober. 



The fecond fort is a native of the warmeft countries. 



which in England feldom exceeds the former lort in . 

 its ftature. The leaves of this greatly refemble thofe 

 of the annual Nettle, and (ling full as much when 

 touched.. It is too tender to thrive in the open air in 

 England, therefore the feeds fliould be fown in pots, 

 plunged into a hot-bed \ and if the plants do not come 

 up the firft year, (which often happens) the pots 

 fliould be put in flieker in winter, and the following 

 fpring plunged^ again into a hot-bed, which will bring 

 up the plants. 'Thefe muft be traniplantedinto pots, 

 and brought forward in hot-beds, ocherwife they v«^ill 



' ' not produce feeds ripe in England. ' ' 



^ Thefe plants have no beauty to recommend them, but 

 as they are preferved in feveral gardens for the fake 



•^ of variety, I thought it neceflfary to infert them hei*e. 



ACANACEOUS plants [fo called from ^"x^^S:., 



" Gr. a thorn or prickle] are fuch as have prickly heads. 



AC ANTHUS [^xavfl^, fo called,' as fome fay, 



\ "from a>tai'9a, a thorn.] It is alfo called Branca Urfina, 



- 'or BearVbreech. " . ; ^ '■" \ ' 



The Characters of this plant are, \ ■ ', ' 



The empalement is compofed of three pair of unequal 



leaves. The flower is unequal^ of one leaf with a jJoort 



tubcy the beard^ or lower lip^ being large^ plain'y hhd 



occti^ 

 heyon 



"f 



fi' 



. empa. 



floorter ftamina^ which chfely coalefce to the ^ 

 is fJuated upon a roundifb germen^ and afterwards be- 

 come an oval capfule^ having two ' cells^ each co7t'taining 

 cne flefljy fnooth oblcng feed.' ' . '''-.,'',' 

 This genus of plants is by Dr. Linnasus ranged in 

 the fecond feftion of his fourteenth clafs, intiried Di- 



dynamia Angiofpermia, from the flowers having two 

 long, ahd two fliorter ftamina, " arid the feeds grow- 



•- - 



ing in a cover. ' 



> I 



The Species are. 



- / 



I 



' •- 



^ 

 '/ 



J ' 



'-i 



4- r 



*■ • r- 



* » . . 



* " \ 



(Mollis) foliis 



comkon, 'or ft 



Acanthus Sativus yel Mollis Virgilii.'^ C. B. '"' ' 



2. Acanthus (Nigra) foliis firiuatis inefmibus glabris 

 lucide virens •, Portugal Bear*s-breech^ with fmcoth Jinn- 



■ ated leaves of a lucid green colour'. ' Acanthus Lufirani- 

 ' cus ampliflimo folio lucido. Jufl^ ' - \ ' 



3. Acanthus {Difcoridis) foliis lanceolatis inregerrimis 

 margine fpinofis. Gron. Ov. Middle Bear's-breech^ with 

 intire leaves., having fpi'nes' on their borders. - ' 



4. Acanthus {Spinofus) foliis pinnatifidis Ipinofis. Hort. 

 Cliff. 326.' Prickly Beards-breech.'^' Acanthus aculea- 

 tus. C. B. P. 383. • ' 



I ' 



5. Acanthus {Ilicifolius) foliis repandls dentato-fpinofis, 

 caule fruticofo aculeato. Ofb. it. 92. Shrubby Bear's- 

 breech., with pri'kly leaves like Holly. ' Acanthus mala- 

 barius, agrifohi folio. Pet. fic. 10." 

 The firft fort is what is ufed in 'medicine, and is 

 fuppofed to be the Mollis Acanthus of Virgil. The 



leaves of this plant are cut upon the capitals of Co- 



, rinthian pillars. 



-Various nave been the difputes among the learned 

 about the plant, which is mentioned under this title 

 by Virgil, who have given fo many different charac- 

 ters to it, that no plant yet known will agree 

 with them all. Many, therefore, have been of 

 ' opinion, that there were two forts of the Acanthus, 

 " one of them a tree, and the other an herb. The tree 

 is fuppofed to be the Egyptian Acacia, and the plant 

 the firft fort here mentioned j but there yet remains 

 a difficulty with regard to fome of the epithets applied 

 to that plant, as firft, where it is mentioned to be an 

 evergreen berry-bearing plant. Baccas femper fron- 

 dentis Acanthi. As to its being evergreen, that may 



• ^ be eafily conceived of our Acanthus, in the warm cli- 

 ' mate of Italy ; for in England, where the plants grow 



in a warm fituation, they are feldom deftitute of leaves 



• more than fix weeks, unlefs the winter proves very fe- 



vere. We may alfo fuppofe, that the flefliy oval feed- 



veffels of this plant might be taken for berries. But 



-1 -.I ' * 1 • "^1 • ... , jj . 



plant, jiext 



tacuiffem 



