A 



A 



A 



f : ^- 



I' 



with this, or the Egyptian Acacia. However, as the 

 botanifts in general have agreed that the plant here 

 mentioned is the Acanthus of Virgil, and there being 

 feveral entire columns of the Corinthian order yet 

 remaining at Rome, upon whofe capitals the leaves 

 of this plant are fo well exprefled, as not to admit of 

 any doubt of their being defigned from our Acanthus, 

 and thefe columns being as antient as the time of 

 Vitruvius, there can be no doubt that this is 

 the plant from whofe leaves Callimachus, a famous 

 archited:, compofed the capitals of the Corinthian 



pillars. 



The fecond fort was difcovered in Portugal by Dr. 

 Bernard de JulTieu, demonftrator of plants in the royal 

 garden at Paris, from whom I received the feeds in 

 1725, which fucceeded in the Chelfea garden, and 

 frequently perfects feeds there ; which being fown, 

 conftantly produce the fame plants as the parent, and 

 therefore muft be a diilindl Ipecies. 

 The third fort is at prefent very rare in England ; it 

 grows naturally in the eaft, and is by Dn Linnaeus 

 fiippofed to be the Acanthus of Diofcorides, but with 

 what certainty I cannot determine. This fort is not 

 fo hardy as either of the two former, fo requires ihel- 

 ter in the winter ; therefore the plants while young, 

 fliould be kept in potSj and placed under a common 

 frame during the winter feafon ; where they may en- 

 joy the open air in mild weather, but fcreened from 

 hard frofts. Wlien the plants have acquired ftrength, 

 fome of them may be turned out of the pots, and 

 planted in a border near a fouth wall, and in hard 

 frofls if they are covered with mats or hand-glafies, 

 they may be fecured, and thefe plants will more cer- 

 tainly flower than thofe in the pots. 

 The leaves of the fourth fort are deeply jagged, in 

 very regular order, and each fegment is terminated 

 with a Iharp fpine, as are alfo the foot-ftalks of the 

 leaves, and the empalement of the flower, which ren- 

 ders it troublefome to handle either of them. 

 The fifth fort grows naturally in both Indies ; I re- 

 ceived it from the Spanifh Weft-Indies. There is a 

 good figure of this plant in Pluknet's Phytographia, 

 tab. 261, fig. 4. under the following title, Frutex In- 

 dicus fpinofus, fbliis Agrifolii filiqua geminata brevi. 

 This is a Ihrub which rifes about four feet high, is 

 divided into many branches, garnilhcd with leaves, 

 very like thofe of the common Holly, both in fize and 

 fliape, and are armed with fpines in the fame manner; 

 the flowers come out fingly, which are white, and 

 ihaped like thofe of the common Acanthus, but 

 fmaller. After the flower is paft, the germen becomes 

 an oval bicapfular veflel, having one oblong feed in 

 each cell. , This Ihrub is evergreen, but is too tender 

 to thrive out of a ftove in England, and can only be 

 propagated by feeds, which do not ripen in Europe. 

 The other fores are lafting plants, which may be pro- 

 pagated either by feeds, or parting of their roots; if 

 by the former method, the feeds Ihould be fown in 

 a light dry foil, towards the end of March: if the 

 feafon proves favourable, the plants will appear in 

 May, and all the culture they require, is to keep them 

 clean from weeds, and where the plants are too clofe, 

 to thin them, fo as to leave them about fix inches 

 afunder, which will be room enough for them to grow 

 till autumn, when they fhould be tranfplanted where 

 they are defigned to remain. The firft, fecond, and third 

 forts, being tenderer than the others, ought to be 

 planted in a warm border near a wall; and as thefe 

 do not multiply fo faft by their roots, fo they do not 

 require more room than three feet; but the fourth 

 fort fpreads its roots to a great diftance, therefore muft 

 have more than twice that room. This being hardy 

 in refpeft to cold, may be planted between Ihrubs, to 

 fill up vacant fpaces, where it will thrive faft enough, 



ijfem vhncn acanthi^ it v/ill by no means agree [ they are tranfplanted in the autumn, and the foUowin^t 



winter prove cold, they will be in danger of bdn""' 

 deftroyed. 



S 



Thefe plants take root very deep in the ground, fo 

 that when they are planted in wet ground, their roots 

 will rot in winter: I have frequently traced tliem more 

 than four feet, therefore they fhould not be removed 

 after they have been growing long in a place, hut the 



. fide flioots'may be annually taken off; efpccially from 

 the creeping kinds, otherwife they will fpread fo far, 

 as to over-bear any of their neighbouring plants or 

 fhrubs. When the forts with creeping roo^s are once 

 eftablifhed in a garden, they are with difficulty eradi- 

 cated, for every root which may happen to be left, 

 • will fhoot again, fo as to become troublefome. 

 A C A R N A. See Cnicus. 

 ACAULIS, or ACAULOS [of a neg. and catdis a 



ftalk or ftem; i. e. without ftalk ;] a plant is faid to 



be acaulis^ or without ftalk, whofe flower refts on 



the ground, having no vifible ftalk. 

 ACER [fo called according to Voffius, from acris, L.' 



becaufe of the very great hardnefs of its wood.] The 



Maple-tree. 



The Characters of this tree are, 

 The empalement oftheflovjer is mmopetalus^ coloured., and 

 cut into five ft) arp fegment s at the brim, and is permanent. 

 The corolla is compofed of five oval petals which fpread 

 cpen^ and are larger than the empalement. 

 ftjort awlfhapcdfiamina crowned by fimple ft 



It hath eight 



The 



receptacle. 



Jiigma 



ejjed, and immerfed in the large perforated 

 efiyle is fiender. It haih two acuminated 



bafe\ they are roundifJj 



ipfules 



lofing one roundifh feed 



Monoecia 



This is ranged by Dr. Linn^us, in his twenty-third 

 clafs of plants, entitled Polygamia 

 The Speqies are, 



Acer {Pfeudo Platanus) foliis quinquelobisinasqualiter 

 ferratis floribus racemofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1054. The 

 greater Maple^ falfely called Platanus, Acer majus mul- 



2. 



ipefi\ 



J 



Lin. Sp. Plant. J055 



fmall, or common Maph 



3 



Acer campeftre & minus. C. B. P. 43 1 . By the French, 

 Petit erable des bois. 



Acer {Negundo) foliis compofitis floribus racemofis. 

 Hort 144. The Virginia Aflo-leaved Maple. Acer maxi- 

 mum foliis trifidis vei quinquefidis Virginianum. Pluk. 

 Phyt. 



4. Acer {Platanoides) foliis quinquelobis acuminatis a- 

 cute dentatis glabris floribus corymbofis. Lin. Flor. 



Suec. 303. 



Norway Mapl 

 Munt 



5. Acer {Rubrum) foliis quinquelobis fubdentatis fubtus 

 glaucis pedunculis fimpliciffimis aggregatis. Lin. Sp. 

 Plant. 



^<^55 



fcarlet flowering Maple of 



Acer Virginianum folio majore fubtus argenteo fupra 

 viridi fplendente. Pluk. Aim. 7. 

 6. Acer {Saccharinum) foliis quinquepartito-palmatis a- 

 cuminato dentatis. Lin. Sp. Plant 1055. The American 



7 



Mapl 



ifylvanicum) foliis trilobis acuminatis ferru- 

 latis floribus racemofis. Lin. Sp. Plant, 1055. The 



Mountain Maple of America. 

 8. Acer {Opalus) foliis lobatis, minime incifis fmftu ra- 



cemofo. 



Mapl 



Acer major folio rotundiore minus laciniato & opalus 

 Italorum. Raii Hill. 



Acer {Monfpefulanum) {oYmtn\oh\^\nl^g(irnm\s. Prod. 



B. P. 431. 



Montpelier Maph 



provided the ground be light, and not over wet, and 

 when the plants are in flower, will make an agreeable 

 variety. If this fort is propagated by its root, it may 



be performed either in fpring or autumn; but the _^ ^^ ^ _...^ 



three firft muft only be removed in the fpring, for if ' weeds, fdme of the forts will grow'above a foot high 



10. Acer (Cretica) foliis trilobis integerrimis fubtus pu- 

 befcentibus. Cretan Maple with three entire lobes to the 

 leaves^ which are fomewhat hairy on their under fide. 

 Thefe trees are eafily propagated by fowing their 

 feeds, which fhould be done foon after they are ripe, 

 in a bed of common earth, covering them about half 

 an inch thick with light mould. The fpring following 

 they will appear above ground, and, if kept clear from 



', 



^ - 



I _ 



f 



^; -r 



»n 



■1 • 





.- ♦ 



r . ^ 



* ' 



.1 



B 



th 



/^ 



