p. 



■ 



"to the places where they arc dcfigncd to grow. As 

 ihcle plants do not come out very early in tlae fpring. 



au- 



fo they often continue growing pretty late in the 



tumn, which cauies the extreme parts of their flioots 



to be very tender, whereby they often fuffer from tlie 



early fi'olts in autumn, which frequently kill the upper 



parts of the flioots ; but as their woody ftems are 



leldom injured, fo they put out new branches below: 



and it in very fevei'c v/inters tlie ftems are deitroyed, 



yet tlie loots will remain, and put out new' ones the 



tollowing fummer, therefore they fliould not be de- 

 Ih'oycd. 



This plant may alio be propagated by Its roots, for 

 as they Ipread'far in the ground, fo if they are laid 

 open, and fome of the ftrongeft are feparated from 

 tlie plant and left in the ground, they will put out 

 nevv' ftems and ma!:e new plants. Or if part of the 

 roots "J re taken off and planted on a moderate hot-bed, 

 they will pufii out ftems in pleaty, fo may be increafed 

 with cafe. . 



ARBOR, a tree, is defined to be a gemmiparous 

 plant, with a fmgle trunk br ftem, abounding vWth 

 Ihoots. This is the only definition which conveys an 

 idea whereby to diftinguifli a tree fr.om a fnrub, which ^ 

 is ap;emmiparous plant, with many ftems or trunks. 



ARBOR CAMPHORIFERA. See Laurus. 

 ARBO:; CORAL. 



See Ep.ythrina. 



ARBOR yuD/E. See Cercis.' ' 



A R B O R E G IJ 3 {/Irhcrcus, Lat. of, or belonging to, 

 or of the nature of, trees.] An epithet which bota- 

 nifts apply to thofe fungufes, or'moffes which grow 

 on trees, in diftinftion from thofe that e:row on the 

 ground; as Agaric, Jev,'3-ear, &c. 



A R B O U R S {Arboreta, oi Arbor, Let, a tree.] Thefe 

 vv^re formerly in greater efteem v/ith us than at pre- 

 fent^; few. gardens were without covered arbours, and 

 lliady feats ■, but of late they have been much re- 

 jefted, and that notv/irhout good reafon i for befides 



• the great expence in their firft erefting, they were a 

 continual charge keeping repaired ^ . for the wet foak- 

 ing through the leaves of the trees to the wood-work, 

 was, by the continual fliade, and for the want of free 

 air, detained fo long as to rot the wood (which, if 

 wholly expofed to the weather, would have lafted fe- 

 ven or eight) in two or th.ree years ; befide, the feats 

 are continually dam.p, and unhealthy : for which rea- 

 fcn, 'covered feats or alcoves, are every where, at this 

 time, preferred to them. 



Arbours are generally made of lattice-work, eitlier in 

 wood or iron, and covered with Elms, Eim.es, I Jorn- 

 ber:m ; or with Creepers, as Honeyfuckles, Jafmines, 

 or Paffion-fiowers; either of which vvill anfwer the 

 jiurpofe ver/ well, if rightly managed. 



A R B U T U S, the Strawberry-tree. 

 The Characters are, 



' The flo-jjcr hath a pnalU chtufe, permanent empakment, 

 which :s cut into five parts, upon %vhich the gennen fits. 

 7'be floiver is ofi one leaf, fioaped like a pitcher, and di- 

 vided into fiive parts at the brim, which turn backward. 

 It hath tcnjhcrtfiamlna, which ar^ joined at the bottom 

 to the fi Giver leaf; thefi are crowyied with bifid fiummits. 

 At the bottom ofi the fi.ower is fiituatcd the dcbular o-er- 



/ 



/ 



Jlfter the / 





oval cr round berry, having five cells, which arc filled 



with hard feeds. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the tenth clafs of 

 Linn-eus, entitled Decandria Monogynia, from the 

 flowers hiaving ten ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Spi:ci£s are, 



I. Arbutu", (f/7.r^) fbliis glabris ferratis, baccis pnly- 

 fpermis, caule credo arborep. Strawberry-tree with 

 fmocth fawcd leaves, berries having many feeds, and an 

 upright trunk. Arbutus folio ferrato. C. B. P. 460. 



2. Arbutus {Andrachne) foliis glabris integerrimis, bac- 

 cis polyfpermJs caule ercclo"arboreo. Strawberry-tree 

 with fmcoth entire leaves, berries full ofi fieeds, and an 

 ere^ woody ftem. Arbutus folio non ierrato. C. B. P. 

 46. Andrachne Tlieophrafti. Ciuf Hlft. 48. called 

 Andrachne, . 



f 



s {Acadmfi 



1. Arcutu 



ovatis fubferratis fioribu.s fparfis baccis polyfpermis. 

 Lin. Sp. Plant, ^(^c^. Arbutus with trailing fi'alks, oval 

 leaves, fiomewhat indented, fiowers grczving loofely, and 



many feeds. ' Vitis ida^a Acadienfis foliis Alaterni. 

 Tourn. Inft. 



4. Arbutus (y%>/^) caulibus procumbentibus foliis ru- 

 gofis ferratis. Flor. Lap. 161. Arbutus with trailing 

 ficilks and rough fawed leaves. Vitis id^a foliis obloif- 

 gis albicantibus. C. B. P. 470. ■ 



5. Arbutus caullbus procumbentibus foliis integer^ 



rlmis. Flor. Lap. 162. Arbutus with trailing ft alkT and 

 entire leaves. 



6. Arbutus {Uva Urfii) caulibus diffufis, foliis emargi- 

 natis. Arbutus with diffufed ftalks and indented leaves. 

 Uva urfi. Cluf rlift. i. p. 6^. Bear Berry. 



The firft fort grows naturally in Jtaly, Spain, and alfo 

 in Ireland, and is now very common in the Enrrliih 

 gardens. Of this fort there are the following varie- 

 ties, viz. one with an oblong flower and oval fruit; 

 another with a double flower, and a third with red 

 flowers ; but thefe being only feminal varieties, I have 

 not mentioned tliem as fpecies ; though for the fake 

 of the curious, I fliall give a farther account of 

 them. 



The fecond fort grow^ naturally in tlie eaft, parti- 

 cularly about Magnefia, where it is fd plenty, as to 

 be the principal fuel ufed by the inhabitants of the 

 country. This grows to a middle fized tree; the 

 branches are irregular, and are garnifhed with large 

 oval leaves, fomewhat like thofe of the Bay-tree, but 

 not quite fo long ^ thefe are fmooth and entire, having 

 no ferratures on their edges ; the flowers are fliaped 

 like thofe of the comm.on Arbutus, but grow thinly 

 on the branches, l^he fruit Is oval, and of the fame 



colour and confiftence with the common fort, but the 

 feeds of this are fiat, whereas thofe of the common 

 fort are pointed and angular. Tournefort enumerates 

 three other varieties of this tree, which he obferved in 

 the Levant, one v;ith fawed leaves, which is now in 

 many EngliOi gardens, and pafles for the Andrachne: 

 another with a large oblong fruit, and a third with 

 large compreflfed fruit : but it is doubtful if they are 

 not accidental varieties, which have been produced 

 from feeds of the firft. 



The common Strawbeny-tree is too well known to 

 require any defcription of it here, being at prefent in 

 moft of the Englifli gardens, and is one of the greateft 

 ornaments to them in the months of Oftober and 

 November, that being the feafon when the trees are 

 in flower, and the fruit of the former year is ripe, for 

 the fruit is a whole year growing to perfeftion ; fo 

 that the fruit which is produced from the flowers of 

 one year, do not ripen till the bloffoms of the fuc- 

 ceeding year^ are fully blown ; fo that when there is 

 plenty of fruit and flowers upon the trees, they make 

 a goodly appearance, and at a feafon when moft other 

 trees are paft t]ieir beauty. 



Thofe trees which have large oval fruit, make the 

 greateft figure, the flowers of this being larger, and 

 oblong. The fort with double flowers is a curiofity, 

 but as the flowers have only two orders of leaves, fo 

 tliey make no great appearance; nor do the trees pro- 

 duce fruit in any plenty, therefore the other is more 

 preferable. The fort with red flov/ers makes a pretty 

 variety, when intermixed with the other ; for the out- 

 flde of them are of a fine red colour at their firft ap- 

 pearance, and afterward they change to purple before 

 they fall otf. The fruit of this is1he fam.e with the 

 common fort. A\\ thefe varieties are preferved, by 

 inarching or grafting them upon the common Ar- 

 butus, for the feeds of either do not produce thefime 

 kind ; though from the feeds of the oval fruit, there ■ 

 is generally many more of the fame produced, tlian 

 from the feeds of the common fort. 

 The beft method to prorogate tlie Arlvutus is frojn 

 feeds; therefore when the fruit is perfcftly ripe, it 

 ftiouid be gatlicred and mixed with dry fand, to pre- 

 lervc them till the time for fowing them; tlie furcft 

 method of raifing the plants, is to fow the feeds in 



pots, 



