• 



* 



A R 



fingh. Ariftolochia rotunda flore ex purpura nigro. 



C. B. P. 307. . 



2. Aristolochia {Longa) foliis cordatis petiolatis inte- 

 gerrimis obtufiulculis, caule infirmo floribus Iblita- 

 riis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 962. Birthwort ^joitb enllre^ heart- 

 Jljdped^ hlunt leaves^ having foot-Jlalks 



/ 



^fozvers gro^xing fingly. Anitolochia longa vera. 



C. B. P. 307. 



3, Aristolochia {Clematitis) foIiis cordatis caule ere£lo 

 floribus axillaribus confertis. Hort. Uplal. 279, Birth- 

 ivort ivith heart-Jlmpcd leaves^ an upright ftalk^ and 



. flowers gro-iving in dufiers from the fuie. Arillolochia 



clematitis ^rcdta. C. B. P. 307. 



Aristolochia {Pifiolochia) foliis cordatis, crenula- 

 tis petiolatis, floribus folitariis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 962. 



heart'Jhaped indented leaves^ having ft 



4 



flalks^ and flowers growing /- 

 chia difta. C. B. P. 307. 



Ariftolochia piftolo- 



5 



Aristolochia {Scmpervirejis) foliis cordato-oblongis 

 vindatis, caule infirmo, floribus folitariis, Lin. Sp. 

 Plant. 961. Birthzvort with oblongs heart-fljaped^ waved 

 leaves^ a weak ftalk^ and flowers growing fingly. Arif- 

 tol6chia piftolochia difta Cretica foliis fmilacis fem- 

 pervirens. H. L. 

 6. Aristolochia {Serpentaria) foliis cordato-oblongis 

 plants, caulibus infirmis flexuofis, teretibus floribus 

 folitariis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 961. Birthwort with plain^ 



'ngfi 



-fl^aped^ flexible^ weak ftalks^ andfli 



7 



taria Virginiana. Pluk. Aim. ^6, Virginia Snakeroot. 

 Aristolochia {Arborefcens) foliis cordato-lanceolatis 

 caule eredto fruticofo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 960. Birthwort 

 with fpear-Jhaped leaves in form of a hearty and an up- 

 right fhrubby flalh ■ Arifliolochia polyrrhizos auricu- 

 latis foliis Virginiana. Pluk. Aim. 50. ...... 



8. Aristolochia {Indica) foliis cordato-oblongis caule 

 volubili pedunculis multifloris. Flor. Zeyl. 323. 

 Birthwort with oblong heart-fhaped leaves^ a twining 

 ftalk^ and many flowers upon each foot-ftalL Ariftolo- 

 chia fcandens odoratiflima floris iabello purpureo fe- 

 mine cordato. Sloan. Cat. Jam. So, Contrayerva of 



Jamaica. . ' > ' . . - 



9. Aristolochia (Hirta) foliis cordatis obtufiufculis 

 hirtis floribus folitariis pendulis recurvatis fubtrunca- 

 tis. Lin. Sp. 1365. Hairy Birthwort with obtufe heart- 

 fljaped leaves^ and hanging recurved flowers growing fin- 

 gly^ formed like a lip. Ariftolochia longa fubhirfuta 

 folio oblongo flore maximo. Tourn. Cor. 8. . , 



10. Aristolochia {Scandens) foliis cordatis petiolis lon- 

 giflimis,' caiile fcandente, floribus terminalibus pe- 

 dunculis longifllmis'. Birthwort with a climbing ft alky 

 heart-fhaped leaves with very long foot-ftalks^ and flowers 

 growing at the end of the branches upon -very longfoot- 



■ ftaiks. ■.'"'::^:r ■ ■ ^^ ;^ '^,. - 



11. Aristolochia {Conferta) foliis cordatis petiolatis, 

 caule fcandente, floribus axillaribus confertis. Birth- 

 wort with heart-fhaped leaves ^ a climbing ftalkj and flow- 

 ers growing in clufters from the wings of the ftalL 



12. Aristolochia (i2^f«j) foliis lanceolatis fefiilibus 

 fubhirfutis, caule erefto floribus folitariis longifllmis. 

 Birthwort with fpear-fhaped hairy leaves growing clofe 

 to the branches, an upright, ft alk, and very long flowers 

 growing fingly, Ariftolochia erefta flore atro purpu- 

 reo foliis anguftis radice repente. Houft. MSS. ., - 



13. Aristolochia (AfoxZ/w^?) foliis oblongo-ovatis ob- 

 tufis intep-errlmis, caule fcandente floribus terminali- 



bus. 



fruiiibus hexanf2;ularibus maximis.' 



Birthwort 



ftalk 



flowers growing at the ends of the branches ^ and very large 

 ' fruit with fix angles. ■ * ' ;..'..,- 



. The firft and fecond forts grow naturally m the Ibuth 



'of France, in Spaing and Italy, from whence their 



roots are broug-ht for medicinal ufe. The roots of 



^ the firft'fort are roundifliV and grow to the fize of 



fmall Turneps, In {hape and colour like the roots of 



the common Cyclamen ; the' roots of which arcfre- 



• qiiently fold in the markets for thofe of the round 



" Birthwort, which at firft may have been occafioned by 



. the fuppofcd virtues of ^the* foots of the Cyclamen. 



This lends outthrcQ or four wcal> trailing branches, 



2 ■ - : - 





A 



which lie on the ground where they are not fupported, 

 and extend to the length of two feet ; the leaves are 

 heart-fl:iaped, and rounded at their extremity •, thefe 

 are placed alternately on the ftalks, and clofe to th 

 foot-ftalks of the leaves, the flowers come out fmgly, , 

 at every leaf, toward the upper part of the ftalk. 

 They are of a purplifli black colour, and fliaped lilce 

 thofe of the other forts, and are frequently fucceedcd 

 by feed-veflils, having fix cells, which are full 

 of flat feeds. The flowers appear in June and July, 

 and the feeds ripen in autumn. 



The fecond fort hath long tap roots, fliaped like thofe 

 of Carrots •, thefe fend out weak trailing brandies, 

 which extend little more than a foot ; the leaves of 

 this fort are paler, and have longer foot-ftalks than 

 the firft, placed alternately, and the flowers come out 

 from the wings of the leaves like the other, whicii 

 are not fo long, and are of a pale purple colour •: they 

 are fometimes fucceeded by oblong feed-velfels, hav- 

 ing fix cells filled with comprefled feeds. The ftalks 

 of both thefe forts decay in the autumn, and new 

 ones are produced in the fpring. 

 They are both propagated by feeds, which fliould be 

 fown in the autumn, in pots filled with light earth, 

 and placed under a frame, to be fcreened from the 

 froft ; but the glafl^es fliould be taken ofi^ at all times 

 when the weather is mild. If thefe pots are put into 

 a gentle hot-bed in March, it will bring up the plants 

 much fooner than they otheiwife would rife. As the 

 feafon advances, the plants fliould be inured by de- 

 grees to bear the open air : when the pots are taken 

 out of the bed, they muft be placed where they may 

 enjoy the morning fun, but fcreened from it in the 

 heat of the day. Gentle refreftiings of water muft 

 be in dry weather given to the plants during the 

 fummer, but in the autumn, when their ftalks begin 

 to decay, they muft have little wet. In the winter 

 the pots muft be fheltered as before ; and in March, 

 ■ before the roots begin to flioot, they fliould be tranf- 

 planted into feparate fmall pots filled with light earth, 

 and fet under the frame, where they fliould remain 

 till fpring ; then they may be removed into the open 

 air, and treated in the fame manner as in the former 

 fummer, and ftieltered alfo the foUowincr winter. 

 The next fpring they may be turned out of the pots, 

 and planted in a warm border, whiere, during the 

 fummer, they will require no other care but to keep 

 them clean from weeds ; and in the autumn when 

 ^ their ftalks are decayed, if the border is covered with 

 old tanners bark to keep out the froft, the roots will 

 be fequred ; but where this care is not taken, the 

 roots, are frequently killed by froft. With this ma- 

 nagement the roots will thrive much better than thofe 

 . which are kept in pots, and continue longer; and 

 when they are three years old, they will flower and 

 -produce plenty of feeds, whereas thofe in pots feldom 

 perfecl their feeds in England. , . j 

 When the feeds of thefe plants are fown m the fpring, 

 the plants will not appear till the fpring following ; fo 

 that a whole feafon is loft, and many times they fail, 

 therefore it fliould always be fown in the autumn. 

 The third fort grows naturally in France, Spain, Italy, 

 and Hungary, but is preferved in fome of the Englifli 

 gardens, becaufe it is fometimes ufed in medicine. 

 This is a terrible plant for creeping at the root; fo 

 that if once it has taken in a g-arden, it will be difii- 

 cult to extirpate again, and will over-run whatever 

 plants grow near it ^ therefore it fliould be planted in 

 fome abjedl part of the garden ]^y itfelf, for it will 

 thrive in almoft any foil or fituation. 

 The fourth fort grows wild in Spain, Italy, and the 

 fouth of France ; but in England it is preferved, for 

 variety, in bptanic gardens. The plants of this fort 

 muft be planted in pots filled with light rich earth,' 

 and flickered from fevere cold in winter, otherwifc 

 they will not live ; but they fliould have as much ixt^ 

 air as pofilble in mild weather. This produces flowers 

 every year, but never perfefts its feeds in this 

 country. 



The 



